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Rapeseed cultivation method.
Land selection and land preparation: rapeseed has a strong adaptability, so the requirements for the soil are not so strict, but for the more clay land, it is necessary to pay attention to turning over the land to dry for a few days when preparing the land, and water the land again before sowing, and then sprinkle compound fertilizer and turn the soil again after two days.
Planting method: There are two ways to grow rapeseed, the first is to direct seed, rapeseed.
Sow seeds in rows at certain intervals, and when the seedlings grow, remove the denser areas and use them for cooking. The second way is to cultivate rape seedlings first, and then plant them one by one at certain intervals.
Field management: When the rape grows to 15 to 20 cm, the vegetable field is fertilized and weeded once, this time with urea.
The purpose is to grow seedlings, and when the rape grows to about 40 centimeters, it is a secondary fertilization, and this fertilization is farmhouse fertilizer. The last fertilization is to spray boron fertilizer before flowering, which will help to make the fruit more abundant later.
Disease precautions.
The common diseases of rape are sclerotinia sclerotinia and cataplexy at the seedling stage, which means that you should be diligent, clean up and remove water stains in the field in time, and reduce the moisture. Cataplexy at the seedling stage needs to be sprayed with a special agent. Most growers know that if the rape blooms in winter, it will lead to a significant reduction in the yield of the following year, so in order to prevent this problem, farmers will spray paclobutrazol in advance.
Harvest harvest must be timely, too early there are many not ripe, late then all will fall, so the general harvest time is when the whole rape horn is yellow-green, this is the most suitable period for harvesting, after harvesting to dry, threshing, and then a detailed screening can be.
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Yes, promethony can be used before and after seedlings, and the amount of 100-150 grams per mu is evenly sprayed on the surface with water, or mixed with fine soil and evenly sprinkled. If it is used for the 2-3 leaf stage of wheat seedlings, spray it with water at a dosage of 75-100 grams per mu.
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Rapeseed fertilization is the key to ensure stable and high yield of rapeseed, and pesticides are also needed in the event of diseases.
First, early application of seedling fertilizer seedling fertilizer should be applied appropriately, the amount of application should account for 10 15 of the total amount of fertilizer, generally 500 kg of manure per mu of rotting acquaintances, plus urea.
5 7 kg or ammonium carbonate.
10 15 kg. When applying chemical fertilizer, it is best to apply fertilizer to clean water.
2. Stable application of wax fertilizer Wax fertilizer is mainly slow-release fertilizer, 3000 4000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer per mu, about 20 kg of compound fertilizer, and 300 500 kg of straw. Before fertilization, cultivate and weed, then fertilize, and shovel the soil and root consolidation.
Three, heavy application of fertilizer fertilizer is rapeseed in the life of fertilization effect of a good fertilizer, usually accounting for 30 of the total amount of fertilizer, at the same time, to do: one is to see the seedling fertilization, the seedlings are large, the fertilizer falls yellow, the soil stamina is insufficient to reapply the field. The second is the combined application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, for the autumn and winter strong seedling fields, at the end of January and early February of the following year, 15 20 kg of urea and potassium chloride are applied per mu.
5, 6 kg. Third, for the serious lack of fertilizer field, it is advisable to apply the fertilizer in two times, with an interval of 10 to 15 days, and the dosage is slightly more.
Fourth, skillful application of flower fertilizer Flower fertilizer has the effect of making up for the lack of fertility in the middle and late stages. Specifically, according to the seedling condition and soil fertility, 4 7 kg of urea or ammonium sulfate should be applied to the fields with stable growth and insufficient fertility after spring.
8 10 kg, the weak growth should be applied early, the growth is good, the stamina of the field should not be fertilized.
5. Boron fertilizer must be applied Brassica napus is a boron-loving crop, and hybrid rape is more sensitive to boron reaction. Boron fertilizer is generally used basal application and foliar spraying is better, when doing base fertilizer, the mu is mixed with kilograms and bottom fertilizer, and the leaves are selected in the budding stage and the early flowering stage, and the mu is used 150 grams of borax each time, and the water is 50 75 kg, and it is sprayed 2 times.
6. Supplemental application of grain fertilizer The root activity of rapeseed decreases after flowering, and supplemental application of grain fertilizer is an effective method to prolong the life of leaves and stems, increase grain weight and improve yield. Generally, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used per mu.
150 grams, kilograms of urea, 50 60 kilograms of water, spray 2 3 times, can also be combined with disease prevention and insect treatment when applying granular fertilizer.
7. When raising seedlings, an appropriate amount of carbendazim can be added to the soil.
Prevent root rot in oilseed rape; Common diseases of oilseed rape are generally mold disease and aphids.
When the area of mycosis occurs more than 10%, it can be prevented and controlled by pesticides; Rapeseed seedling period and after transplanting, aphid disease often appears, can be seedling and transplanting after each 1-2 times of medicine, if the rape grows up and then aphid disease, you can use an appropriate amount of dimethoate.
Spray with water. In addition to root rot, mycosis and aphids and other diseases in the process of rape planting, other diseases rarely occur, when the disease occurs, the leaves and disease parts can be removed first, if the disease continues to occur, the disease can occur when the range reaches 10%, spray pesticides in time. In each growth cycle of rapeseed, appropriate medication should be used, and too much medication will also be detrimental to the growth of rapeseed.
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Want. Pesticides should be applied when rape seedlings first emerge, because spraying pesticides when the plants are just emerging is conducive to the control of borborer and thrips.
Emamectin benzoate + homochlorothiamethoxam can be used.
Eixis + imidacloprid.
and other insecticides are sprayed, and the dosage is strictly followed to avoid pesticide damage.
Expand your knowledge: How to fertilize rapeseed scientifically?
1. Fertilization due to seedlings.
Rapeseed fertilization is different, and if you want to have a high yield, then you need to increase the above fertilization level by 15%-20%. The specific amount of fertilization can be applied according to soil quality, soil fertility, seedling condition, base fertilizer, application quantity, etc., and fertilizer can be applied according to the situation of the field. The specific dosage can be accurately topdressed and supplemented according to the demand rules of each nutrient above.
Second, the fertilization time.
Rapeseed is a nutrient accumulation crop in the early stage, although the demand for phosphorus is not as good as the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, but it is very sensitive, if the phosphorus deficiency in the later stage, then the nutrition, growth and yield of rapeseed have a great impact. Therefore, the fertilization strategy of direct seeding winter rape is to promote the front and stabilize, that is, 70% of the nitrogen fertilizer, all the phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer are used as basal fertilizer or seedling fertilizer, and the remaining 30% of nitrogen fertilizer is applied in moss fertilizer.
The flowering stage is the efficiency period of rapeseed nutrition, and the amount of fertilizer required accounts for the proportion of a lifetime, therefore, the moss must be topdressed in time from the flowering stage, and the water-soluble fertilizer with the effect of the soil chef is used to achieve the flowering period at the bud stage.
3. Fertilization method.
Top dressing of rapeseed is as important as basal fertilizer, and balanced fertilization should be emphasized. In order to grow strong seedlings, urea is applied in rape fields with less than 5 leaves.
3-5 kg to promote the growth of rapeseed seedlings. In addition, attention should be paid to the supplemental application of boron, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, the kilograms of boron fertilizer per mu of fields without boron fertilizer, and the application of potassium chloride per mu of fields without phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
5-8 kg or 20-25 kg of phosphate fertilizer, or ternary compound fertilizer.
10 15 kg.
When rape flower sprouts are differentiated, it is necessary to chase the opening fertilizer, at this time, nitrogen fertilizer is the main one, and urea can be toppled with 5-7 kg per mu; In the period, 5-8 kg of urea per mu is applied, and diammonium phosphate is applied.
kg, or apply 15-20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer; Top dressing can be applied foliar spray at the flowering stage of rapeseed, and urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed per mu at the flowering and podding stage.
solution 50 kg and spray boron 1-2 times before flowering. Of course, the amount of top dressing in different fields should be adjusted according to the seedlings.
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It is not recommended, if there are insects, it is recommended to physically remove insects, if there are no insects, there is no need to play deworming drugs, because deworming drugs are also harmful to plants.
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<> oilseed rape is mainly used as an oil crop, and the green parts and fleshy roots are eaten as vegetables, and sometimes used as animal feed. So, should I use pesticides when rape has just emerged?
Rapeseed seedlings just emerge to play pesticides, rape in the seedling period, transplanting period, seedling stage and flowering period need an appropriate amount of pesticides, seedling period: add an appropriate amount of carbendazim to the soil, to prevent high and strong rape root rot. Transplanting and seedling stages:
There will be mycosis and aphids, so you can use an appropriate amount of dimethoate mixed with water to spray. Full flowering period: to prevent sclerotinia sclerotiorum, methyl tobuzin or pythium can be used. Qi Pei.
It is forbidden to spray pesticides during the flowering period, and the pesticide residues exceed the standard
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