Potash fertilizer is an important fertilizer, how to apply potassium fertilizer during spring plough

When crops that require potassium are in the fast-growing phase, the leaves are sprayed. When the root system of the crop has matured, it is applied deeply. Traditional conservation tillage leaves more crop residue on top of the soil, resulting in higher concentrations of potassium accumulating on the soil surface rather than penetrating deep into the soil.

When the soil moisture is good, this potassium can seep in smoothly, but when the soil is dry, it limits potassium uptake. This misalignment can lead to potassium deficiency, as crops dig deeper beneath the potassium-rich soil layer in order to get enough water.

In this case, deep application of potassium fertilizer can significantly improve potassium utilization. Potash fertilizer is one of the important and necessary fertilizers for crops. Potassium fertilizers can promote nutrient delivery, fruit enlargement, tissue ripening, growth, and resistance in crops.

For a long time, we have only focused on the application of nitrogen and phosphorus, but often ignore the importance of potassium, which, unlike nitrogen and phosphorus, is not a component of organic matter in crops. In areas where the soil is severely deficient in potassium, soil potassium fertilizer should be applied first. In terms of soil texture, sandy soils generally have a low potassium content, so potassium fertilizer should be increased.

Clayey soils tend to have higher potassium levels and can be applied with little or no application.

Potassium sulfate can be applied to soils that are deficient in potassium and low sulfur, but potassium chloride cannot be applied to saline soils. It plays an important role in the metabolic process of crops. It can not only promote the photosynthesis of crops, but also promote nitrogen metabolism and improve the uptake and utilization of nitrogen by crops.

When applied in deep soil, it can reduce the fixed lattice caused by the frequent alternation of dry and wet in the surface soil, and can reduce the contact area between the concentration of potassium fertilizer and the soil, thereby reducing the fixation, increasing the diffusion rate of potassium, and facilitating the absorption of potassium by crops, thereby improving the application efficiency of potassium fertilizer.

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When the soil moisture is relatively good, you can use potassium fertilizer, which is why we also need to put some potassium fertilizer in advance when we put seeds, so that it will be very good to plant and make the plants grow very well.

Potassium fertilizer should be sprinkled in the ground in advance, and then spring ploughing, when sprinkling fertilizer, you must pay attention to the amount, but also pay attention to the ratio of fertilizer to land.

After digging a hole in the soil, put potash fertilizer into the pits, a little less in each hole, and then put in the seeds of the plants.

The better the fertilizer efficiency of potassium fertilizer in the current season, when the soil available potassium content is less than 40 mg per kilogram, potassium becomes the limiting factor for crop yield, and should be used preferentially, and it should be understood that potassium fertilizer has the effect of improving the yield of cereal crops, and improving the quality of cash crops and increasing the sugar content of fruits.

It is necessary to fertilize in combination with the soil, to fertilize in combination with the growth of crops, to fertilize in combination with the period in which the crops are in, to fertilize in combination with the moisture of the soil, and to fertilize in combination with the humidity of the environment.

To combine the properties of the soil for test flights, pay attention to different crops, use different equipment methods, but also pay attention to the moisture of the soil, but also pay attention to the process of fertilization.

Potassium chloride and nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer can be applied together to better exert its fertilizer effect, poor permeability of saline-alkali land should not be applied potassium chloride, otherwise it will increase the salt damage to the land, sandy soil should be combined with edible organic fertilizer when applying potassium chloride, acidic soil is not suitable for potassium chloride.

It should not be used on some nitrogen-sensitive crops, such as tobacco, sugar beets, sugar cane, potatoes, grapes, which can be used as base fertilizer and top dressing, but can not be used as seed fertilizer, and the amount should be controlled.

The concentration should not be too large, that is, the concentration of potassium chloride should not exceed 3g l, that is, the maximum potassium chloride in 500ml of liquid.

The speed should not be too fast, no more than per hour, and patients or family members should not adjust the speed of the infusion drops at will.

The total amount should not be too much, and potassium should be supplemented according to the level of potassium in the blood, and potassium should be supplemented every day.

4.Potassium supplementation should not be too early, that is, it is necessary to see urine potassium supplementation, and potassium supplementation can only be done when the urine output reaches more than 40ml per hour or more than 500ml in 24 hours.

1. The application period of nitrogen fertilizer should be early for crops with short growth period or less rain in the dry season of the growth period, 70%-80% of them should be applied as basal fertilizer, and top dressing should be early rather than late; For crops with a long growth period and a humid climate in the growing season, such as winter wheat, cotton, etc., it is necessary to promote early emergence and strong seedlings, and to prevent excessive prosperity in the early stage and premature aging in the later stage, so the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be equally important to the base fertilizer topdressing, and the application amount is 50% each, such as rice topdressing can be postponed, generally divided into two times, the first time in the tillering stage or jointing stage, and the second time in the heading stage; For those crops that require more nitrogen and have a long growth period, such as cabbage rape and sugarcane, the proportion of top dressing is larger, accounting for 60%-80%, and it is applied multiple times. For leguminous crops, due to their own nitrogen fixation, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is small, more than 60% is used as basal fertilizer, and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied at the flowering period if there is a lack of nitrogen. Different soil textures also affect the application time of nitrogen fertilizer.

The amount of base fertilizer in black clay soil is large, accounting for about 50%, and the loam soil is also about 50%, and the fertilizer nutrients in sandy soil are easy to lose, and the application of base fertilizer accounts for about 30%.

2. The seedling stage is mostly a critical period for crop phosphorus nutrient absorption, and the seedling stage is prone to phosphorus deficiency, so the period of phosphorus fertilizer application should be early. The amount of basal fertilizer applied before sowing, transplanting or transplanting should account for more than 70% of the entire growth period. For some insoluble phosphorus, it can be applied to legume crops with strong phosphorus absorption ability in the previous stubble to promote the activation of phosphorus and facilitate the absorption and utilization of later crops.

Some crops are very sensitive to phosphorus in the later stage of growth, and the flowering and boll setting stage of cotton, the flowering and pod-setting stage of soybean, and the trembling root expansion stage of sweet potato tubers, and the use of a small amount of phosphorus fertilizer as top dressing also has the effect of increasing yield.

3. Potassium fertilizer should be applied early, mainly basal fertilizer, and it should be applied earlier for soils with serious potassium deficiency or crops with short growth periods. When applying more farmhouse fertilizer as base fertilizer to plots with fertile soil and no shortage of potassium or applying more farmhouse fertilizer, the application time of potassium fertilizer can be postponed and early top dressing can be done. Potash fertilizers can also be used as extra-root top dressing, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Spray moderately when potassium is deficient in the later stages of growth.

Reasonable application of nitrogen and potassium topdressing can usually improve the quality of crops and promote early ripening of fruits in addition to improving the lodging resistance of crops and fertilizer utilization. The common nitrogen and potassium fertilizers mainly include potassium nitrate and other types, potassium nitrate is a chlorine-free nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer, which can usually be used on some chlorine-sensitive crops, such as carrots, onions, blueberries, peanuts, carrots and other crops.

First, the benefits of nitrogen and potassium top dressing

1. Benefits. Reasonable application of nitrogen and potassium topdressing can generally improve the lodging resistance of crops and the utilization rate of fertilizers, and at the same time improve the quality of crops and promote early ripening of fruits.

2. Introduction to nitrogen and potassium fertilizers.

1) Common nitrogen and potassium fertilizers mainly include polyenergy nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, Chilean excellent potassium, Anjie potassium, potassium nitrate and other types, among which potassium nitrate belongs to a kind of chlorine-free nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer, which can generally be used on carrots, onions, blueberries, peanuts, carrots and other chlorine-sensitive crops.

2) When the crop lacks nitrogen and potassium, the growth rate will be slow, and the plant will be relatively thin, so it is necessary to apply nitrogen and potassium fertilizer in time.

3) Nitrogen and potassium topdressing can usually be applied by furrow application, hole application and sprinkling method, after application should be covered with soil, if used as seed fertilizer, then the distance between fertilizer and seeds should be 3-5cm, and the amount needs to be combined with the fertility of the soil, usually 35-50kg of nitrogen and potassium topdressing can be used per mu.

Second, the use of nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer

1. Fertilizer. (1) Taking the use of potassium nitrate as an example (potassium nitrate is a high-quality nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer), potassium nitrate is generally used as a fertilizer.

2) When used in apples, it can generally be applied 2 times in the late stage of apple growth, and the dosage of each time is generally 10-15kg, and in the later growth stage of melon, winter melon, watermelon and other crops, it can generally be used 1 time potassium nitrate 4-6kg, or potassium nitrate 2-3kg, 2 times.

2. Food industry and glass industry.

1) In the food industry, potassium nitrate can generally be used as a coloring agent, color protection agent, antimicrobial agent and preservative, such as potassium nitrate when used in luncheon meat has a preservative effect.

2) In the glass industry, potassium nitrate can generally be used as a glass clarifier.

3. Pharmaceutical industry and other purposes.

1) Generally, potassium nitrate can be used to produce penicillin potassium salt, rifampicin drugs.

2) Potassium nitrate is also a raw material for making gunpowder in mines, ignition wires, firecrackers and other gunpowder, and it can generally be used to make black gunpowder.

3.The rational application of potash fertilizer must do the following. The application of potassium fertilizer should take into account the potassium supply level of the soil, and formulate a potassium fertilizer application plan; The application of potassium fertilizer should consider the production level and the application rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the application rate of high-yield nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer should be increased. When applying potassium fertilizer, it is necessary to consider the tillage formulation and multiple cropping index, and potassium fertilizer should be increased if the multiple cropping index is high; The application of potassium fertilizer should take into account the characteristics of potassium demand and the effect of potassium application of different crops, and potassium-loving crops should be applied more. After potassium fertilizer is applied to the soil, the fluidity is small, so potassium fertilizer is generally used as base fertilizer or early top dressing, and for crops with long growth period or sandy soil with poor soil fertilizer retention capacity, it can also be applied in stages, and should be mastered before the weight and then light, if the crop shows potassium deficiency symptoms in the plant growth stage, affecting the normal growth, potassium sulfate with a concentration of 2 can be sprayed on the foliar surface.

The ideal application method is to apply organic fertilizer first, and then apply urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride fertilizer with a reasonable formula.

After being mixed with ammonium carbonate and applying urea to the soil, it must be converted into ammonia before it can be absorbed by crops, and its conversion rate is much slower under alkaline conditions than under acidic conditions. Ammonium carbonate reacts alkalinely after being applied to the soil, and the pH value is the mixed application of ammonium carbonate and urea, which will greatly slow down the conversion of urea into ammonia, and it is easy to cause the loss of ammonium carbonate and volatile skin hair. Therefore, urea and ammonium carbonate should not be mixed or applied at the same time.

Three taboos on the surface of the ground to sprinkle urea on the surface, at room temperature to go through 4 5 days of transformation process to be absorbed by crops, most of the nitrogen is volatilized in the ammonium process, the utilization rate is only about 30%, if in alkaline soil and soil with high organic matter content, the loss of nitrogen will be more. Therefore, nitrogen cannot be applied on the surface.

Fourth, it is forbidden to irrigate urea immediately after applying urea, which is an amine nitrogen fertilizer, which must be converted into ammonia nitrogen after application in order to be absorbed and utilized by crops. In the process of transformation, due to different conditions such as soil quality, moisture and temperature, the time is long and short, generally after 2 10 days to complete, if the urea is irrigated immediately after the application or the dry land is applied before heavy rain, the urea will be lost immediately.

Fourth, with the application of well-rotted organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer in the application of chlorine-containing fertilizers, with the application of well-decomposed organic fertilizer, can improve fertilizer efficiency, reduce the adverse effects of chloride ions; In soils with low available phosphorus content, chloride ions have a role in inhibiting the absorption of phosphorus by crops. Therefore, the application of chlorine-containing fertilizers should be accompanied by an appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer.

The compound (mixed) Hefei and formula fertilizer prepared with chlorine-containing chemical fertilizer and urea, ammonium phosphate, superphosphate, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer can not only reduce the harm of chloride ions, but also play a balanced fertilization effect due to the combined use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

The duration of potassium fertilizer depends on the amount of potassium in the soil, the type of crop, and the period when the crop is growing. Potassium fertilizer can be applied when the potassium content in the soil is less than 100-150 mg kg. Potassium fertilizer can also be applied when cucumber and watermelon are in the fruiting stage, and rice is in the peak tillering stage and young panicle differentiation stage.

1. The correct use time of potash fertilizer

1. Potassium fertilizer can be used as basal fertilizer, top dressing, and foliar fertilizer, and the specific use time needs to be determined according to the potassium content in the soil, the type of crop, and the growth period of the crop.

2. Generally, when the potassium content in the soil is less than 100-150mg kg, 5kg of potassium oxide is applied per mu, and when the potassium content in the soil is higher than 150mg kg, there is no need to apply potassium fertilizer, or a small amount of potassium fertilizer.

3. Watermelon is generally about a week after fruiting, when the fruit grows to the size of an egg, apply potassium fertilizer, which can increase the sugar content in watermelon and increase the yield of watermelon.

4. Before sowing soybeans, potassium fertilizer needs to be added to the base fertilizer, and about 10kg of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate is applied per mu.

5. Potassium fertilizer is generally applied to rice at the peak tillering stage and young panicle differentiation stage, and potassium chloride fertilizer is generally applied per mu to promote the growth of panicles.

6. Cotton is generally sprayed with potassium fertilizer on the foliar surface in early August, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate used per mu is diluted to 2% with water, and sprayed once every 1 week.

7. Cucumbers should be sprayed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer at a concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate during the fruiting period.

8. Fruit trees generally apply potassium fertilizer from June to August, and apply 1kg of pure potassium fertilizer per 100kg yield, and can choose to spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar spray.

Second, the effect of potassium fertilizer on plants

1. Potassium can improve the activity of nearly 60 enzymes, thereby affecting various metabolic processes in plants, such as photosynthesis and protein synthesis, so as to increase the sugar, starch content and protein content in plants, and improve the quality of crops.

2. Potassium can thicken the cell wall in the plant and increase cellulose, which can close the stomata in time when the weather is dry, reduce water evaporation, and enhance the plant's ability to resist stress.

3. Potassium can regulate the concentration of cell fluid and maintain the osmotic pressure of the cell wall.

4. Potassium can prolong the storage time of crop fruits.

5. Potassium can promote the growth of crop fruits, improve the size and shape of fruits, and increase the value of fruits.

6. Potassium can enhance the fiber length and strength of fiber crops, increase the content of VC in fruits, crude fat and palmitic acid in oil crops.