The Evolution of Aircraft 10, The Evolution of Aircraft

Mosquito - Dragonfly - Bird - Civil Aviation.

Seagulls - bats - fighters.

Hahahaha.

In order for an aircraft to complete a flight mission, the Zen Stool must go through several stages: taxiing, take-off, climbing, cruising, descending, and landing.

1. Taxiing and take-off stage: the aircraft completes various ground services before the flight. The taxiing section is the heaviest moment of the aircraft, and it is also the time when the pilot makes various preparations and checks before takeoff, and it requires the same care as flying in the air.

2. Climbing stage: ladder climbing, after the aircraft rises to a certain height, it flies horizontally to increase the speed, and then climbs to the second height, and climbs to a predetermined height after several stages, because the lift of the aircraft increases with the increase in speed, and the fuel consumption makes the weight of the aircraft continue to reduce, so this climb is the most fuel-efficient.

3. Cruising stage: after the aircraft reaches a predetermined altitude, maintain a horizontal constant speed flight state, at this time, if there is no influence of weather changes, the pilot can fly stably at a certain speed and attitude according to the selected route, the aircraft almost does not need to be controlled, and the pilot generally only needs to carry out the necessary monitoring.

The lift coefficient of the aircraft increases as the angle of attack of the aircraft increases. When the angle of attack increases to a certain value, the lift coefficient does not rise but falls, resulting in the lift of the aircraft quickly less than the gravity of the aircraft, and the aircraft will fall quickly.

15th century, Leonardo. Morality. Binns wrote 160 diagrams and theories about the structure of birds and bats.

1783, Chatu. Pull. In his garden, Mulder and his brothers, Joseph and Ed, made a hot air balloon that rose from the hot air.

1881, Otto. Lee made a bird-like wing and glided for a few seconds.

In 1903, the Wright brothers successfully built an aircraft with a manned, controller, and engine, which was recognized as a world-renowned aircraft.

1927, Charlie. Lindburn completed the feat of non-stop, flying from New York in the United States to Paris in Europe, in 33 hours and 30 minutes.

1932, Emily. Erha became the first female pilot. Successful solo flight across the Atlantic.

1942, Robert. Aim. Stanley, the first jet-engined aircraft test flight across California, Moko. Dry lake.

1947, Captain Charlie. Iger was the first to pilot a successful breakthrough flying at supersonic speed over California, Moko. Dry lake.

1969, astronaut Michelle. Colin driving Apollo 11 with Mad. Neil, Columbia. Armstrong, Edern. Ou Zhun piloted the astronaut extension Maider. Ig, successfully landed on the moon.

In 1981, the first space shuttle Columbia, which was available in spacecraft and successfully landed in Roger. Air Force airfield in Dry Lake.

1986, Gina. Eagle and Dick. Lotan pilots an aircraft"White Knight One"With no fuel and no docking, it only took 9 days, 3 minutes and 44 seconds to successfully circumnavigate the world.

Summary. With the military needs of the two world wars, as well as the strong demand of the civil aviation industry that began to sprout in the 30s of the 20th century, today's aircraft has gradually evolved into an all-metal, single cantilever wing, and a huge fuselage of the precision structure, which is very different from a hundred years ago.

With the military needs of the two world wars and the strong demand of the civil aviation industry that began to sprout in the 30s of the 20th century, today's aircraft has gradually evolved into an all-metal, single cantilever wing, and the precision structure of the huge fuselage, which is very different from a hundred years ago.

A brief introduction to the phases of aircraft flight.

In order to complete a flight mission, the aircraft must go through several stages: taxi, take-off, climbing, cruising, descending, and landing. 1. Taxiing and take-off phases.

The aircraft completes all ground services before the flight. Including the completion of passenger boarding, the completion of cargo and baggage loading and unloading, the completion of inspection by the maintenance personnel and the signing of documents to release the aircraft, the acquisition of relevant flight information by the crew from the air traffic control department, the joint verification of personnel by the ground business check-in personnel and the crew, and the correct loading list of the aircraft;

Then, after applying to the air traffic control department and the control tower and getting permission, start the engine on the apron, and arrive at the runway end through the taxiway to prepare for takeoff. It is the taxiing stage, in this stage the aircraft is like a moving vehicle, to operate in accordance with the traffic requirements on the ground, the taxiing section is the time when the aircraft is the heaviest weight, and it is also the time when the pilot makes various preparations and inspections before takeoff, and the same as flying in the air, it also needs to be careful and careful.

2. Climbing stage.

There are two ways, one is to continue to climb at a fixed angle to reach a predetermined height. This has the advantage of saving time, but the power required for the engine is high and the fuel consumption is high. The other is a stepped climb, after the aircraft rises to a certain height in Naziye, it flies horizontally to increase speed, and then climbs to the second altitude, and climbs to a predetermined altitude after several stages, because the lift of the aircraft increases with the increase in speed, and the fuel consumption at the same time makes the weight of the aircraft continue to reduce, so this climb is the most fuel-efficient.

3. Cruising phase.

After the aircraft reaches a predetermined altitude, it maintains a horizontal constant velocity flight state, at which time if there is no influence of weather changes, the pilot can follow the selected route to fly stably at a certain speed and attitude, the aircraft almost does not need to be maneuvered, and the pilot generally only needs to carry out the necessary monitoring. This phase has the lowest flight accident rate.

Fixed-wing aircraft refers to an aircraft with wings, one or more engines, propelled by its own power, and capable of being denser than air in space or the atmosphere. If the density of the aircraft is less than air, then it is a balloon or an airship. If there is no power unit and can only glide in the air, it is called a glider.

If the wing of the aircraft is not fixed, it is a rotorcraft that generates lift by wing rotation. Fixed-wing aircraft are the most common aircraft type. Power** includes piston engines, turboprops, turbofan engines or rocket engines, among others.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Wright brothers of the United States made significant contributions to the history of aircraft development in the world. In 1903, the first manned aircraft was built"Flyer One", and the test flight was successful. They were awarded the U.S. Congressional Honor Award in 1909.

In the same year, they founded"Wright Aircraft Company"。Since the invention of airplanes, airplanes have increasingly become an indispensable means of transportation for modern civilization. It profoundly changed and affected people's lives, and opened the history of people's conquest of the blue sky.

Power, from propellers to turbojets to turbofans now.

Materials, ranging from wood to steel to aluminum to now carbon fiber composite sizes, from small to large.

Speed, from 80 km/h to Mach 3 now.