What are the princes, and what are the main contents of The Princes ?

Confucius, Confucianism, Han Feizi, Legalism, Sun Tzu, Bingjia, Laozi, Taoism, Mozi, Mojia.

The whole article is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the nature of the subbook, its origins, and the difference between the subbook and the scripture. The second part mainly comments on the different characteristics of the content of the pre-Qin princes, and the orange Menggui is always divided into two categories: one is pure and the other is mixed.

In this article, Zeng Kongwu Zhao said that the rulers of the Han Dynasty were afraid of the spread of heretical ideas in the Book of Zhuzi, but Liu Xian immediately proposed that the Book of Zhuzi was "also a magnificent scholar". Judging from the discussion of the different stylistic characteristics of each school in this article, Liu Xian's understanding of the value of the hundred schools of thought in the history of literature is understood. Some of the myths and fables rich in romantic characteristics in "Zhuzi" are not understood by Liu Xian, which is the limitation caused by Dou Kai's thoughts on the scriptures.

But Liu Xian's approach to expression is not opposed to romanticism. Among the hundred princes, the most prominent romanticism is "Zhuangzi" and "Liezi".

Zhuzi refers to some important thinkers and philosophers in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in ancient China, including Confucius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Mozi, Xunzi, Han Feizi, Mencius, Shenzi, and so on.

Expansion: The ideological systems and doctrines of these princes, such as Confucianism, Taoism, Moism, Legalism, etc., have had an important impact on ancient Chinese politics, philosophy, culture, ethics and morality.

Representative figures. For example, Confucianism emphasizes people's moral cultivation and social responsibility, and emphasizes human relations with benevolence as the core; Taoism pursues natural harmony and inner self-cultivation; Mohist thought advocates the spirit of love and selfless dedication; Legalism, on the other hand, maintains social order with a strict legal system and strong state power. These ideological systems and doctrines have had a profound impact on the development of ancient Chinese society and culture, and have provided important resources for the ideological and cultural inheritance of later generations.

Zhuzi was the representative of various schools from the late Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, and the fierce debate formed a situation of a hundred schools of thought.

From the end of the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, it was a period of transition from a slave society to a feudal society in Chinese society, and drastic changes took place from politics to economy.

The so-called "Hundred Schools of Thought" is also called "Pre-Qin Princes". Sima Tan mentioned in "On the Six Schools" that there are six schools of thought: Yin and Yang, Confucianism, Mo, Name, Law, and Taoism. Ban Gu's "Hanshu Art and Literature Chronicles" mentions that there are 10 schools of Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Law, Name, Mo, Vertical and Horizontal, Miscellaneous, Agriculture, and **.

The Book of Sui and the Chronicles of the Sui Dynasty mentions that there are 14 schools of Confucianism, Taoism, Law, Name, Mo, Vertical and Horizontal, Miscellaneous, Agriculture, **, Bing, Astronomy, Almanac, Five Elements, and Medical Prescriptions.

"On the Essence of the Six Schools":

Sima Tan, in his Treatise on the Essence of the Six Schools, divided the philosophers of the centuries before him into six schools.

1. Yin and Yang family. It boils down the universe to two principles, yin and yang, which represent women and yang represent men. The two are mutually reinforcing, and opposites are mutually reinforcing, producing all the phenomena of the rock-resistant universe as seen.

2. Confucianism. The original meaning of "Confucianism" is to read or think. They taught ancient scriptures and were the inheritors of ancient culture. Confucius was the leader and founder of Confucianism.

3. Mojia. Mozi is a leader, with strict internal discipline and organization, and calls himself the "Mozi".

4. Celebrity. They are interested in distinguishing between the real and the famous, and in finding out the relationship between them.

5. Legalist. They are different from the Confucian rule of virtue, they believe that a good ** must be built on the basis of a written code.

6. Taoism. The metaphysical and social ideas of this school are "not yet there", and "nothing" is "Tao".

The meaning of Zhuzi: a general term for an ancient academic thinker.

Detailed explanation: 1. The official name of the Zhou Dynasty. "Zhou Li, Xia Guan, Zhuzi": "The sons, the sons of the country, the precepts and their teachings, distinguish their ranks, and correct their positions." ”

2. The official titles of the ancient emperors and princes' concubines. "Zuo Chuan: The Nineteenth Year of Xianggong": "Zhuzi Zhongzi, Rongzi, Rongzi."

Fang Xuanling Zhuyun: 'The sons of the middle woman, the number of the internal official. 'The so-called internal officials, also aliases of the princes and concubines of the Son of Heaven, because they live in the palace, they must have official ranks, so they are internal officials in the clouds.

>3. Refers to the scholars of various schools from the pre-Qin period to the early Han Dynasty or their works. "Hanshu Art and Literature Chronicles": "The Warring States are balanced, the truth and falsehood are divided, and the words of the sons are chaotic.

Qing) Zhao Yi's "Oubei Poems: Pi Rixiu": "According to the Tang Dynasty, "Mencius" was mixed among the sons, and there was never a single one. ”

4. Zhong'er. "Historical Records: The Biography of Jun Yuqing of the Plains": "Among the sons, he is the most virtuous, and he likes guests, and there are thousands of guests. "The Biography of Wu Kui in the History of the Song Dynasty": "On the day of the day, the family has no surplus funds, and the sons have no house to live in, which was called at that time. ”

5, Judah Zhujun. (Three Kingdoms) (Shu) Zhuge Liang "Answer to Li Yanshu": "If Wei is destroyed, the emperor will return to his former residence and rise with his sons, although ten lives can be bearable, but the situation is nine evils!"

Liang Qichao's "Oriental Yuedan Narrative": "Classmates, the sons, instigated the grass book to fight for wages with scum. such as grinding".

6. Women. (Tang) Gu Shenzi's "Bo Yizhi Cui Xuanwei": "The eighteenth aunt said: 'The little woman makes wine! ’”