Tianchi in Changbai Mountain, why is there a lake on the top of the mountain?

Lake refers to the lake basin and the water body it receives, which is a kind of wetland, and the lake basin is enough often refers to the natural depression on the surface that is relatively closed and can store water. For example, in the eastern monsoon region of China, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the terrain is low and flat, and there are a large number of lakes distributed, such as Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake and so on.

Changbai Mountain Tianchi.

There are also a large number of lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, all of which are above three or four thousand meters above sea level, but the area where these lakes are formed is also a relatively low-lying area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The top of the mountain is often the highest altitude area in the mountain terrain, showing the distribution characteristics of the middle high and low circumference in the terrain, it is almost impossible to have the conditions for the formation of a lake, however, there are exceptions to everything, we can indeed see the lake on the top of some mountains, the most famous mountain top lake in our country is the Changbai Mountain "Tianchi" located in the northeast.

Map of volcanoes** in China.

To appear on the top of the mountain, there must also be a relatively concave lake basin conditions, but the top of the mountain is usually in the middle and high and the circumference is low, and it is convex upward, so it is unlikely that there will be a lake, but under some specific conditions, the phenomenon of concave may appear on the top of the mountain, thus forming water storage conditions, which mostly occurs in volcanic mountains, that is to say, the summit area of this mountain is the crater of the volcano, so it will be concave inward, and the water is stored to form a lake, such as the "Tianchi" of Changbai Mountain in China It is located on the crater of a dormant volcano. Of course, in order for a lake to form, there must be no significant infiltration in the crater geology to allow water to remain on the surface.

Location map of Tianchi in Changbai Mountain.

Due to the end of volcanic activity, the craters of dormant or extinct volcanoes have been preserved, forming beautiful lakes on the summit of the mountain, known as crater lakes. "Tianchi" is the largest crater lake in China, located on the border line between China and North Korea, at the top of Baitou Mountain, the main peak of Changbai Mountain in China, the lake is more than 2,100 meters above sea level, with an area of square kilometers and a depth of 312 meters.

Tianchi satellite map.

In addition to Changbai Mountain Tianchi, there are some other crater lakes in China, such as in the north of Taipei City in Taiwan, there is a large volcanic group, the most famous of which is Datun Volcano and Qixing Mountain, there is a crater lake on the top of Datun Volcano, with an altitude of 1090 meters, the diameter of the lake is 360 meters, and the deepest depth is 60 meters, which is called "Tianchi" by the locals.

Crater Lake, Oregon, USA.

Of course, this kind of lake on the top of the mountain, because it is surrounded by mountain slopes, under the action of external forces year after year, once part of the lake is eroded and collapsed, the water in the lake will continue to flow down the mountain, and eventually the lake will disappear. There is a narrow passage between Tianhuo Peak and Longmen Peak in Changbai Mountain, Tianchi water overflows from here to form Changbai Waterfall, with the passage of time, continuous erosion, and eventually Tianchi will cease to exist, leaving a caldera, of course, this requires thousands or even tens of thousands of years of geological evolution.

Because there is a depression on the top of Changbai Mountain, and then a large amount of water resources is stored, there will be lakes.

Volcanic eruptions are formed due to geological activity. Because Changbai Mountain is 2 kilometers above sea level, the peaks are covered with snow, and then it must slowly melt in the residual temperature of the volcano, and slowly form the Tianchi seen today over many years.

It may be a lake formed by rain, or an area at a high altitude that is prone to water mist

Changbai Mountain Tianchi is a freshwater lake.

Changbai Mountain Tianchi is located in the southeast of Jilin Province, where Changbai Mountain Tianchi is the boundary lake between China and North Korea. This Tianchi is located at the top of the volcanic cone of the main peak of Qiaohong Socks in Changbai Mountain, which was erupted by a volcano.

A naturally occurring crater lake. Tianchi in Changbai Mountain has one of the deepest lakes in China and is known as the deepest lake in China. The crater slowly evolved into a lake through the convergence of water from Hyoji. With an average depth of 204 meters, the lake is very deep.

Features:

Tianchi Lake is a huge natural reservoir with a huge area. The lava material emitted by the volcano is piled up around the crater, forming 16 peaks around the Tianchi Pond, which is extremely strange.

Surrounded by these 16 mountain peaks, the clear and translucent Tianchi is like a huge piece of jasper, and the color of the lake is sapphire blue, which gives people a colorful feeling under the sunlight.

Changbai Mountain Tianchi. YesVolcanic eruptionsWhen the volcanic eruption ejects a large amount of lava, the crater forms a basin, and after a long time, the water accumulates into a lake, and it becomes the current Tianchi.

Through the detailed investigation and study of volcanic geology, Changbai Mountain is a Cenozoic complex volcano of multiple genesis, and the Tianchi on the top of the mountain is the crater. Volcanic activity has gone through the stages of shield building 277-1.2 million years ago, cone building 1.12-40,000 years ago, and eruption of three acres in the past 10,000 years.

According to historical records, it erupted three times since the 16th century, and when the volcanic eruption ejected a large amount of lava, the crater formed a basin, and after a long time, the water accumulated into a lake, and it became the current Tianchi. And volcanic eruptions.

The lava material that came out of it was piled up around the crater and formed 16 peaks standing around it, 7 of which are in Korea and 9 in China.

Introduction to Tianchi in Changbai Mountain

Changbai Mountain was formed by geological orogeny 12 million years ago, and after many eruptions, it expanded into a giant umbrella body, and when the volcano was dormant, the spring overflowed, forming more than 10 square kilometers.

of the vast surface of the water. The elevation of Tianchi is meters, slightly elliptical, thousands of meters long from north to south, and kilometers wide from east to west. The catchment area, the water surface area, the circumference of the water surface is kilometers, and the deepest point is 373 meters.

The total water storage capacity is 100 million cubic meters. The water temperature of Tianchi is the average annual temperature. Like a magnificent piece of jasper embedded in the majestic peaks of Changbai Mountain, Tianchi is the largest volcanic lake in China and the deepest alpine lake in the world. It is now the boundary lake between China and North Korea.

Changbai Mountain Tianchi was formed in 12 million years before the geological orogeny, after many eruptions and expanded into a giant umbrella body, when the volcano is dormant when the spring overflows, forming more than 10 square kilometers of vast water surface, Tianchi is meters above sea level, slightly elliptical, north and south long thousand meters, east and west wide thousand meters.

Changbai Mountain Tianchi is located at the top of the volcanic cone of the main peak of Changbai Mountain, Erdaobaihe Town, Antu County, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, is a dormant volcano, the crater accumulates water into a lake, the water of the summer melt pond is more blue than the sky, and the frozen ice surface is as white as snow in winter.

The crater walls around Cheonchi are steep and form more than a dozen ring-shaped peaks, all of which are above 2,500 meters above sea level, among which the General Peak is the highest, with an altitude of 2,749 meters, and is located on the closed side of North Korea.

Changbai Mountain is a famous mountain in China, which has been China's sacred territory since ancient times, and is the birthplace of the three rivers of Songhua River, Tumen River and Yalu River.