The geological structure and genesis of Jindao Gorge internal forces ? Urgent!!!!

The terrain of Jindao Gorge is majestic, the gorge is dangerous, the forest is beautiful, the rock is strange, and the water is secluded. Jindao Gorge is about 9 kilometers long and is divided into two sections, the upper section due to karst geology. The ground is cut too strongly, the golden knife miraculously forms a unique canyon and ravine, the stone wall is like cutting, the two mountains are combined, the vertical height is more than 100 meters, the lower section is due to the effect of flowing water erosion, there are cave groups to raise the pond and tan Tan are connected

The geological structure of Jindaoxia is mainly based on Triassic sedimentary rocks and limestone structures, which have undergone extrusion and stretching by internal forces during the long geological evolution, forming anticlines and anticlines. The anticline becomes a mountain, and the slope becomes a valley, and finally forms a characteristic landscape of canyons.

Specifically, Jindaoxia is located in the Huaying Mountain section of the Guanyin Gorge anticline, and due to the action of internal forces, the rock strata at the central axis of the anticline are faulted and dislocated, forming a deep and long large fault layer in the middle of the mountain. The riverbed is formed by the continuous flow of spring water and the fierce torrents. The drop from the upper mouth to the lower mouth of Jindao Gorge is as high as hundreds of meters, the flow velocity is extremely large, and the erosion force is amazing.

After hundreds of millions of years of action, it has formed today's majestic, dangerous, strange and secluded Golden Dao Gorge.

In general, the geological structure and formation reasons of Jindao Gorge mainly involve the anticline and anticlinal structure of internal forces, as well as the factors such as water erosion and crustal movement.

You're in our class, right==

The change of land surface morphology is divided into internal force action and external force action. Among them, the manifestations of internal forces include crustal movement, magmatic activity, and metamorphism, and the traces left by crustal movement on the surface are called geological structures, and common geological structures are divided into folds and faults.

Geological structures are formed by the action of external forces and the action of internal forces.

Internal forces form faults, folds, and make the earth's surface rugged, and external forces make the earth's surface flat.

The Himalayas are the youngest mountains on Earth formed by the extrusion and uplift of the Indian Ocean and Eurasian plates. The main role in this process is played by the internal forces of the earth.

The theory of continental drift was once ridiculed as an absurd conjecture. Can the solid earth drift with the tide like a raft untethered and assembled like a tangram? It was not until the establishment of the theory of seafloor expansion in the 60s of the 20th century, and many evidences of palegeology, paleoclimatology, and paleontology were put forward one after another, that Wegener's theory was able to make a comeback.

Since then, scientists have integrated a variety of isolated observations and discoveries to paint a clear picture of global dynamics with a unified block-tectonic theory. It turns out that the lithosphere of our earth is divided into six major sections by some tectonic belts, namely the Eurasian plate, the African plate, the American plate, the Pacific plate, the Indian plate and the Antarctic plate. The convection of the mantle material is like a huge conveyor belt, carrying the masses and moving slowly.

The collisions, dislocations, arches and cracks between the plates form a variety of mountains, canyons, faults and trenches on the earth. The Himalayas, which dominate the world, are the huge folds that rise up after the collision and squeezing of the Indian plate against the Asian plate. The sedimentary rocks and fossils of aquatic organisms such as trilobites, anemones, and chrysanthemums on the mountain all tell us that this place was once an ancient Mediterranean Sea 20 million years ago.

And ** is the release of stress generated in the pushing of the section. However, we don't have to worry about bumper cars bumping into each other. In fact, continents drift more slowly than our fingernails grow.

But billions of years later, the accumulation of these small changes will make the world map unrecognizable.

Internal force geology: The prevailing theory is divided into three phases, the main collision period is the collision period of the Indian Ocean crust with the Eurasian plate, followed by the collision of the continental crust in the late collision period and finally the extensional period of the post-collision period. This view is now more popular, but it is also more controversial.

You can check Hou Zengqian's article.

External geological processes: Do you mean that mountains are subject to weathering, erosion and other physical processes? It mainly includes weathering, denudation, transport, and sedimentation. Now the Himalayas are mainly subjected to external denudation, and the prosperity of the mountains is the result of crustal collisions.

The Himalayas are formed by the extrusion and uplift of the Indian Ocean plate and the Eurasian plate, and the internal forces of the earth play a major role in this process.

1. External force: weathering (Yadan landform - wind erosion valleys, wind erosion depressions, wind erosion castles, wind erosion mushrooms).

Erosion (karst landform - thousands of ravines, V-shaped valleys, U-shaped valleys, cirques and horn peaks of the Loess Plateau) transport accumulation (** of the deep loess layer of the Loess Plateau).

Consolidation of rocks (conversion between magmatic rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks) Note: The transport and deposition of flowing water form debris flows, estuarine deltas, alluvial plains, and alluvial fans in front of mountains.2 Internal forces: metamorphism (generally occurs on the surface of the earth's crust and cannot directly shape the surface morphology) Magmatic activity (only when it is ejected from the surface, can the surface morphology be directly shaped) Crustal movement (the main way of shaping the surface morphology.

Horizontal movements: folded mountains, rift valleys, oceans.

Vertical movement: undulating sea and land changes.

3. Classification of geological structures:

Folds: Anticline: The rock layer is curved upward, the middle of the rock layer is old, and the two are new (looking for oil and gas) Oblique:

The rock strata bend downward, the middle of the rock strata is new, and the two old (water-finding) faults: Graben: the relatively subsident part of the rock strata in the fault, forming valleys or lowlands, such as the Weihe Plain and the Fenhe Valley.

Barrier: the relatively rising part of the rock layer in the fault, forming a block-like mountain or highland, such as: Huashan, Taishan, Lushan Note:

External forces: wind, flowing water, waves, glaciers, etc.

Internal forces: extrusion, tension cracking, etc.

Caused by external forces: flowing water (accumulation: such as alluvial fans, alluvial fans, erosion: such as thousands of ravines), wind (accumulation: Yadan landform erosion: wind erosion, mushrooms, etc.).

The action of internal forces leads to: folds (extrusion: oblique into valleys, anticline into mountains, external erosion: oblique into mountains, anticline into valleys).

Faults (strong tension causing rock formations to be misaligned).

The above is my own summary + teacher's notes.

Geological formations are formed by sharp erosion, transport, weathering, and accumulation.

Fold faults are formed by the action of internal forces in the Earth's interior.

External erosion, anticline protrusion, easy to erosion, denudation, oblique downward bending, easy to be filled by accumulation to form a mountain.

This is an external geological action, anticline protrusion, easy to be eroded, denudation, oblique downward bending, easy to be filled up by accumulations to form a mountain, not internal force geological action, mainly in the river, wind, temperature and other weathering and denudation under the formation of the topography.

The cause of the anticline formation of mountains and valleys is not due to internal forces, but to external forces such as rivers and winds.

1.Because the extrusion movement between the plates (internal forces) forms anticlines and anticlines (i.e., folds);

2.The anticline formation of the mountain into a valley is because the top of the anticline is often eroded by rivers, wind and other factors due to the development of tension cracks, while the trough part is squeezed, and the material is solid and not easy to be eroded, but is preserved as a mountain. This phenomenon is known as terrain inversion.

1. All geological structures only have the action of internal forces, and the shaping of the topography is the joint effect of internal and external forces.

Geological structure refers to the deformation of geology under the action of crustal movement, that is, the formation of internal forces. The action of external forces can only change the appearance of the earth's surface, which is called tectonic landform.

"Power" External force can only be regarded as the cause, not the power.