What is Danxia landform? How the Danxia landform was formed

Danxia landform belongs to the red bed landform, which is a horizontal tectonic landform. The so-called "red beds" refer to the red rock series formed by sedimentation from the Jurassic to the Cenozoic from the Tertiary in the Mesozoic Era, and are generally called "red conglomerates". Danxia landform is a type of landform named after Danxia Mountain in the 30s of the last century.

The rock layer that formed the Danxia landform is a kind of red clastic rock deposited in the inland basin, and later the crust was uplifted, the rock was cut and eroded by flowing water, and the mountain slope was mainly collapsed and retreated, and the preserved rock layer constituted the red mountain.

The Danxia landform in the world is mainly distributed in China, the western part of the United States, Central Europe and Australia, etc., with the most extensive distribution in China, among which the Danxia Mountain in Renhua County, Guangdong Province has the largest area, the most typical development, the most complete type, the most abundant form, and the most beautiful scenery. After comparing the Danxia landforms at home and abroad, Zeng Zhaoxuan, a famous geographer in China, believes that Danxia Mountain is "the first in China and the first in the world in terms of scale and scenery."

Danxia Mountain is located in Renhua County at the junction of Hunan, Jiangxi and Guangdong provinces, 45 kilometers away from Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province. It is a national key scenic spot, a national geological and geomorphological nature reserve, and is known as "China's Red Rock Park". The red mountains with a radius of 290 square kilometers are "as colorful as Wodan, bright as the sunshine", so it is called Danxia Mountain.

Danxia Mountain is composed of red sand conglomerate, characterized by Chibi Danya, geology named after Danxia Mountain, the same landform is named "Danxia Landform", Danxia Mountain makes it the naming place of the same special landform in the world and a typical representative of the same kind of scenic mountain.

Danxia landforms are mainly distributed in China, the western United States, Central Europe and Australia, with China being the most widely distributed. In addition to Danxia Mountain in Guangdong, Taining Scenic Area in Fujian, Wuyi Mountain, Liancheng, Taining, Yong'an in Fujian, Chishui in Guizhou, Longhu Mountain in Jiangxi, Yingtan, Yiyang, Shangrao, Ruijin, Ningdu, Cambra in Qinghai, Yongkang and Xinchang in Zhejiang, Baishi Mountain in Guiping, Guangxi, Duqiao Mountain in Rong County, Doushan in Jiangyou, Sichuan, Qingcheng Mountain in Guan County, Chilong Mountain and Chengde in Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province, are typical geological landforms of Danxia landform in China.

Danxia landform belongs to the landform type formed by water erosion.

Various landforms with steep slopes composed of continental red conglomerates. The necessary conditions for formation are the huge thickness of the conglomerate layer and the development of vertical joints.

Red conglomerate is a flat highland formed in the Mesozoic Jurassic to Cenozoic Tertiary sedimentary rock series, mainly composed of horizontal or near-horizontal Tertiary thick-bedded red conglomerate, due to the vertical cleavage structure, by the strong erosion, segmentation, dissolution and gravity collapse of flowing water and other comprehensive actions resulting in flat tops, steep cliffs, isolated and prominent tower-like terrain. It can form square mountains with flat tops and steep walls, or be cut into various strange peaks: upright, fortress-like, pagoda-shaped, etc.

Danxia landformThe reasons for its formation are as follows:

The development of Danxia landform began with the Himalayan orogeny in the late Tertiary period. This movement caused some of the red formations to tilt and soothe folds, and caused the red basin to be uplifted, forming an outflow zone. The flowing water concentrates in the low-lying area in the middle of the basin, erodes along the vertical joints of the rock formation, and forms a deep ditch with two upright walls, which is called the lane valley.

With the collapse and retreat of the ditch wall, the colluvial cone continues to grow upward, and the area covering the bedrock surface continues to expand, and the bedrock in the lower part of the colluvial cone forms a gentle slope consistent with the inclination direction of the colluvial cone. With further erosion, remnant peaks, stone walls, and pillars will also disappear, creating gently sloping hills.

Distribution of landforms:

Danxia landforms are mainly distributed in China, western United States, and Central Europe.

As of January 31, 2020, 790 Danxia landforms have been discovered in China, distributed in 26 provinces and regions.

Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province.

Danxia Mountain in Northeast China is characterized by red Danxia, composed of red gravel continental sedimentary rocks, which is the world's Danxia landform naming place, and the research on stratigraphy, structure, geomorphology, development and environmental evolution is the most detailed and in-depth in the world's Danxia landform area.

The Danxia Mountain World Geological Moldbeam Park was established here.

The total area is 319 square kilometers.

Approved by UNESCO in 2004.

It was approved as one of the first global geoparks in China.

Danxia landformThe formation is mainly affected by the combined effect of internal and external forces.

1. The surrounding weathered red gravel is brought to the low-lying basin by the action of flowing water and deposited into rocks, and the dry and hot climate causes the oxidation of rocks.

2. Under the action of gravity and other external turbulent bright forces, the valley continues to widen, the cliff wall collapses and retreats, the area of the top of the mountain continues to shrink, and the original mountain gradually retreats into a "castle-like remnant peak" or isolated stone pillar.

The origin of the name of the Danxia landform.

In 1928, he received his degree from Columbia University.

Feng Jinglan, a mineral deposit scientist with a master's degree in geology, is in Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, China.

Danxia Mountain, Renhua County.

Widespread Tertiary (65 million to 1.65 million years ago) red conglomerate formations have been noted.

In the Danxia Mountain deficit area, the rock formations up to 300,500 meters thick have been weathered and eroded by flowing water and wind, forming fortress-like peaks and peak clusters, strange stones, stone bridges and stone caves in various forms.

Feng Jinglan realized that this was a unique landform and named the red conglomerate layer that formed the Danxia landform. The word "Danxia" originates from Cao Pi's "Furong Pond Poems".

Danxia sandwiches the bright moon, and the stars come out of the clouds", referring to the colorful glow in the sky.

What is Danxia landform? Danxia landform is a red-bed landform characterized by steep cliff slopes, which usually has a special Lingliang sign of "flat (round) top, steep body, and gentle foothills". It is mainly developed in the Mesozoic continental near-horizontal thick bedded purplish-red sandstone and conglomerate.

The main geological forces formed by the Danzhu and Xia landforms are flowing water erosion, gravity collapse and accumulation, weathering and spalling, and chemical dissolution.

<> "The Landform of Danxia."

1. Barrier - the conglomerate sandstone of the Cretaceous Wangshi Formation, a geological structure formed by the sintering of silica and gravel polymerized by metal hydrogen produced by the asteroid rushing instantly; The slope is small and the height is also small, so it cannot be regarded as "Danxia landform".

2. M-shaped geological structure formed by the laminar flow of silica magma shock wave generated by metallic hydrogen polymerization at the moment of asteroid subduction at the end of the Cretaceous.

3. Cretaceous crater** metallic hydrogen polymerized silica in the cone - crater glass.

4. Granite formed by the mixing of impact quartz-metallic hydrogen polymerization of silica, mica and feldspar at the upshot part of the Cone of the Cretaceous Meteorite crater**.

5. The loess formed by the mixing of silicon-oxygen tetrahedra polymerized by metallic hydrogen in the laminar flow of the magmatic shock wave of the Cretaceous crater, silica and magnetite by the bridging bridge.

6. Laterite (magnetite oxidized to iron red) formed by metallic hydrogen polymerization in the asteroid subduction zone at the end of the Cretaceous.

7. Danxia landform is a geological structure formed by the sintering of silica, silicon-oxygen tetrahedron, iron red, gravel and other sintering formed by metal hydrogen polymerization in the asteroid subduction zone.

8. Compare the geological structure formed by the polymerization of metal hydrogen in the laminar flow of magma shock wave of the complex crater - Danxia landform.