How can crops be protected from pests and diseases without pesticides?

Grass ash and garlic can be used to control insects without pesticides, because plant ash is very effective against certain aphid pests.

Some pesticide residues for a long time, if the residue period has not passed, people will be poisoned if they eat, in order to prevent insect pests and stay away from the poison of pesticide residues, there are many farmers who sprinkle grass ash on crops or spray leaves smoke-soaked water, which can also have a certain effect.

Grass ash, garlic and onions, vegetable liquid, almond leaves, mugwort fresh grass sap, pepper leaves and peppercorns can repel beetles, and the use of these plants can also achieve a pest control effect.

In my opinion, the reason is that when farmers apply pesticides, they apply a pesticide no matter what pests, and there is no specific problem to analyze. And it is possible that farmers use the wrong method when spraying pesticides.

Not all pests and diseases sprayed will be effective, which is determined by the occurrence and development of pests and diseases themselves, such as common scale insects, most of the time in life the insect body has a waxy protective layer, the liquid medicine can not enter the insect body to play a role, at this time spraying is almost difficult to work.

Do not spray if no pests are found. This is because most of the insecticidal pesticides currently used are contact agents or stomach poisons, which means that they only have to come into contact with the body of the pest or be swallowed by the pest. If you see that the plant has symptoms of disease and do not understand the type of pathogen, such as the use of fungicidal or bacterial drugs for viral diseases, it is completely useless, not only a waste of money, but more importantly, a delay in time.

Therefore, the treatment must be the right medicine.

Pests are becoming more and more difficult to treat, the key is that the pest resistance is produced quickly, and many vegetable farmers once they find a "good medicine", often long-term continuous medication, that is, as long as this pest occurs, then it has been spraying this drug, and in the long run, pest resistance is produced rapidly, and it is naturally more and more difficult to treat.

Therefore, it is more important to choose to apply the pesticide at the initial hatching nymph stage without a protective layer, which is often very short-lived. Therefore, in addition to choosing the right medicine, it is also necessary to choose the right time to apply the drug.

In recent years, many vegetable farmers have reported that the effect of spraying pesticides to kill pests is very bad, and the reason is that in addition to the resistance of pests to pesticides, there are two reasons: the use time and method are wrong, and the selection of pesticides is unreasonable. First of all, there are differences in spraying for different pests, the time of choice and the method of spraying. There is nothing particular about whiteflies and aphids, as long as you spray them carefully, pay attention to the columns in the shed, the back wall and the steel wire to ensure that there are organisms.

Pesticides generally inhibit the motor nerves of pests, and the real effect can be seen after 12 to 24 hours. Spray some green worms directly, and the time of death is not so fast. Corn, peanuts, and pests in the field of green onions, such as borers, borers, thrips, etc., are not easy to control, and it is difficult to see dead insects in 2 hours.

The liquid medicine is sprayed.

Choose pesticides with three certificates. There are certificates, licenses, and registration certificates, and such pesticides are often produced according to the corresponding inspection standards, and they are produced according to national standards. If we buy pesticides when we choose pesticides, it is very likely that we will buy some low-quality pesticides, and we may also buy some pesticides that do not meet national standards, so it is easy to have some adverse reactions when using.

In order to avoid buying bad pesticides, you must choose a regular store, and you must understand whether the label of the pesticide meets the national standards and whether it is within the shelf life. <>

Do not blindly increase the dose, and spray pesticides according to the proportion of the instructions. Some people want to be less smart, thinking that the concentration of pesticides is higher, so the effect of killing insects and some diseases may be better, in fact, this is a misunderstanding. Because the concentration of pesticides is too high, it will directly affect the growth of crops, after all, the concentration is too high, and if it is serious, it will directly affect the burning of seedlings, even if it is not very serious, it will also lead to pesticide damage.

Today's people are no longer satisfied with a single pesticide and will choose a mixed configuration to use it. When mixing the configuration, we must pay attention to the proportion and order of adding and adding, because the proportion and order are not right, there is likely to be some reaction, which will affect the growth of crops at that time. If you don't understand, you should consult a professional to avoid blind matching and undesirable consequences.

Try not to choose the spraying of pesticides in the high temperature period. It is not suitable to use pesticides in high temperature weather, because when spraying pesticides at high temperatures, pesticides will volatilize quickly, and will cause pesticide residues on crops, and will cause burn spots after sun exposure, which will cause yellowing of leaves, and even lead to leaf wilting, so this point must be paid attention to, pesticide spraying, should be selected in the morning or afternoon, on the one hand, the temperature is not so high, and then it should be noted that it can be sprayed when there is no wind and rain.

When planting crops, you can do a good job of prevention in advance, and you should also water crops frequently, so that you can prevent pesticide damage.

It is necessary to understand the composition of pesticides, and to carry out appropriate prevention, but also to grasp the specific situation of pesticides, and then make a reasonable combination.

When preparing the liquid medicine, it is necessary to first inject 1 3 amounts of water into the clean container, then put in the medicine, stir and fill with water. When using wettable powder, it is necessary to mix the agent into a paste with a small amount of water in hail, and then prepare the liquid of the pharmac. The liquid medicine can be used at any time, and it should not be stored for a long time and burned early, otherwise, precipitation or degradation will occur.

The water used to dilute pesticides should be clean and soft water, and hard water containing calcium and magnesium ions should not be used.

There is also agricultural control.

Agricultural control: comprehensive agricultural technical measures taken to prevent and control crop diseases, insects and weeds, adjust and improve the growth environment of crops, so as to enhance the resistance of crops to diseases, insects and weeds, and create conditions that are not conducive to the growth, development or spread of pathogens, pests and weeds, so as to control, avoid or reduce the harm of diseases, insects and weeds. The main measures include the selection of disease-resistant and insect-resistant varieties, the adjustment of variety layout, the selection and retention of healthy seedlings, crop rotation, deep ploughing and stubble elimination, the adjustment of the sowing period, rational fertilization, timely irrigation and drainage, moderate pruning and pruning, and doing a good job in pastoral sanitation and safe transportation and storage.

If agricultural prevention and control can be carried out in conjunction with physical and chemical control, better results can be obtained.

Summary. It has a great effect on young fruits, young flowers, young leaves, as well as young parts and fast-growing parts, and drugs with weak inhibitory properties are used as appropriate.

What to do if the pesticide is not used correctly and causes insect pests.

In the young fruits, young flowers, young leaves, and young parts and fast-growing parts of the department have a great effect, as appropriate, drugs that inhibit weak laughter are used.

The ratio of pesticides for cabbage insect pests is incorrect.

Once it is found that the fruit tree suffers from pesticide damage, the following measures should be taken immediately to rescue: 1. Because many pesticides are not resistant to washing, if you spray by mistake or spray more, rinse with water, which is also a feasible method for Zheng to serve the species, if the density of spraying is too large, fill it with water with a sprayer, and rinse the leaves of the fruit tree repeatedly, so as to better read and brush off the residual agent on the surface. 2. Fertilizer water can be applied then, combined with watering to supplement some chemical fertilizers, and then cultivated loose soil, which can promote the normal growth and development of fruit trees as soon as possible.

There are many ways to prevent insects, the key is what your object is, if it is a seed, you can dry it and put it in a dry utensil to seal ---

1. Choose insect-resistant varieties.

2. Clean the farm, destroy the habitat of pests, or use insect nets to isolate 3. Physical pesticide: such as yellow board trapping and black light trapping.

4. Biological control: such as natural enemy control, pest and parasitic bacteria control.

Pest control is divided into physical control, chemical control, and biological control. If pesticides are not used, physical and biological control remain.

1. Choose insect-resistant varieties for seeds or seedlings.

2. Do a good job in field water and fertilizer management (the use of liquid film has a certain insect control effect, and some biological fertilizers have a certain insect control effect).

3. Physical control of pests in the field, such as catching them by yourself, such as using insect trap lamps, yellow boards and other appliances.

4 Biological control of pests in the field is to use natural enemies of pests to control, such as frogs, birds, and what bees are planted, and so on.

The first is to take physical defenses, such as insect nets, sticky insect boards, booby trap lights, etc. Now many bases are already in use.

Second, biological control methods, such as stocking red-eyed bees, using predator mites to control leaf mites, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium aeruginosa have been widely used.

Third. Using sex attractants, this technology has been successfully promoted in Guangdong and Sichuan.

Fourth, for some pests, manual killing methods can also be used to effectively control them.

That's all I can think of, and I personally think that physical methods are most effective without pesticides.

1. Use an insect net.

2. Use yellow, blue and purple plates.

Yellow plate: aphids, whiteflies, spotted divers, jujube spiders, bugs, golden-striped moths, mushroom mosquitoes, fruit flies, paramecium, pear stem bees, pear yellow mealy aphids, mosquitoes, etc.

Blue plate: thrips, rice planthoppers, dimorphic borers, cotton bollworms, tea armyworms.

Purple plate: cabbage insects have a strong trapping effect.

3. Use sexual attractants.

4. Use poplar or willow to trap and kill adults with sweet and sour solution.

(1) Spraying method.

Soak the kilogram of plant ash with kilogram of water for 24 hours, and spray the flowers and trees with its filtrate, which can kill the aphids on plum blossoms, moon flowers, and pomegranate trees. Spraying flowers and trees with baking soda liquid with a concentration can prevent and control powdery mildew on moon flowers, chrysanthemums, impatiens, hibiscus, and melon leaf chrysanthemums, with a control rate of more than 80%. Spray flowers and trees once every 10 days with urea solution with a concentration of 2%, spray 2 or 3 times in a row, not only kill the aphids, red spiders and other pests above, but also make the leaves of flowers and trees shiny, and the flowers are large and gorgeous.

2) Rubbing method.

Rub a cotton ball dipped in vinegar on the camellia leaves, which can not only kill the scale insects on it, but also make the leaves that have been damaged by scale insects turn green again. Rubbing the orchid leaves repeatedly with alcohol can remove the scale insects on it. When the branches of the stump bonsai are rotten, you can first scrape off the rotten part of the stump with a blade sterilized by iodine wine, and then rub the iodine wine, and rub it again every 7 10 days to prevent it from continuing to rot.

3) Fertilization method.

When fertilizing the flowers, a small amount of silicon fertilizer is mixed to improve the hardness of the epidermal cells of the flowers and trees, thereby enhancing their ability to resist insect pests. Frequent sprinkling of plant ash can greatly reduce the incidence of gray mold in flowers such as peony, tulip, cyclamen, etc., and can also make the flower branches thick and colorful.

4) Injection method.

Woody flowers are often infested by dry-boring pests such as longhorn beetles and codling moths, and the branches will be hollowed out by pests in severe cases. In order to control this kind of pests, the larvae can be injected with 20% ammonia 20 30 ml into the wormhole during the larval hatching period, before the adult emergence, and the larvae overwintering period, and then, seal the cavity with clay or wax to kill the larvae or eggs.

Select disease-resistant varieties, strengthen the level of tillage management such as fertilizer and water, reasonable planting density, use insect trap lamps and sticky insect boards, release natural enemies or sex pheromones, manually catch pests or remove susceptible tissues.