What kind of equipment do you need for PIC microcontroller?

The guy above is talking nonsense. The so-called microcontroller is a single-chip computer that integrates microprocessors, memories and input-output interfaces and other components on a chip. The main functions and applications of single-chip microcomputer are control, such as the control circuit of microwave oven, the control circuit of air conditioning, etc., of course, mobile phones or PDA will also use single-chip microcomputer, but it cannot be said that mobile phone GBA, PDA is single-chip microcomputer!

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Are you going to take the PIC to learn or just use it for development? If you want to learn, buy an MCD2 learning kit, which integrates an ICD2 debugger and some peripheral circuitry.

If you have a lot of money, it is not recommended to use ICD2 for development. Because although this sample is officially issued by the microchip factory, it is also unstable. It is recommended to use ICE2000 (you get what you pay for, and the ICE2000 of 3000 is better than the ICD2 of 800).

Or if you want to be cheaper, many enthusiasts imitate it according to the information of ICD2, only two or three hundred, and many of them are sold on **.

Development host platform: Windows XP

Development Environment: MPLAB IDE

Compiler: picc

Learning PIC is not as good as C8051, it is recommended that you learn C8051, which has more information, high integration, fast start, and rich routines.

The input and output of the PIC port should be set, 51 is not used, but there is a bit of an agreement to abide by when reading and writing data, and the others are similar, and the specific chip function module is more or less, and there are some differences, which are not the same in an instruction cycle.

It should be said that there are three main differences:

1) Bus structure: The bus structure of MCS-51 is von Neumann type, and the computer takes instructions and data in the same storage space, and the two cannot be carried out at the same time; The bus structure of the PIC is a Harvard structure, and the instruction and data space are completely separated, one for instructions and the other for data, which improves the data throughput rate because the program and data can be accessed at the same time. Because of the Harvard dual-bus structure used in the PIC series microcontrollers, one thing is different from common microcontrollers:

The program and data buses can be of different widths. The data buses are all 8 bits, but the number of bits on the instruction bus is different.

2) Pipeline structure: MCS-51 adopts a single-instruction pipeline structure for finger picking and execution, that is, taking one instruction and then taking the next instruction after execution; The PIC adopts a dual-instruction pipeline structure, and when one instruction is executed, the next instruction is allowed to be taken out at the same time, so that a single-cycle instruction is realized.

3) Register group: All registers of PIC, including IO port, timer and program counter, etc., are in the form of RAM structure, and all of them only need one instruction cycle to complete access and operation; The MCS-51 takes two or more cycles to change the contents of the registers.

1. The bus structure is different.

The bus structure of MCS-51 is von Neumann type, and the computer takes instructions and data in the same storage space, and the two cannot be carried out at the same time; The bus structure of the PIC is a Harvard structure, and the instruction and data space are completely separated, one for instructions and the other for data, which improves the data throughput rate because the program and data can be accessed at the same time.

Because of the Harvard dual-bus structure used in the PIC series microcontrollers, one thing that is different from common microcontrollers is that the program and data buses can be of different widths. The data buses are all 8 bits, but the number of bits on the instruction bus is different.

2. The structure of the assembly line is different.

MCS-51 adopts a single-instruction pipeline structure for finger picking and execution, that is, taking one instruction and then taking the next instruction after execution; The PIC adopts a dual-instruction pipeline structure, and when one instruction is executed, the next instruction is allowed to be taken out at the same time, so that a single-cycle instruction is realized.

3. Register group.

All registers of the PIC, including the IO port, timer and program counter, are in the form of RAM structure, and they only need one instruction cycle to complete access and operation; The MCS-51 takes two or more cycles to change the contents of the registers.

Here the words are used to explain the program capacity. A single instruction (2*) is used to represent a word. Bytes (3*) are usually used to represent memory (4*) capacity.

A byte has 8 bits, each of which consists of 1 or 0. The PIC16F84A microcontroller command consists of 14 bits. When converting 1k words to bits, it is:

1 x 1,024 x 14 = 14,336 bits. The reconversion to bytes is: 14,336 (8 x 1,024) =.

When calculating the capacity of memory, we specify that 1g byte = 1,024m byte, 1m byte = 1,024k byte, and 1k byte = 1,024 bits. They are not multiples of 1000 because they are calculated in binary.

1* The physical structure of the computer, including the organizational structure, capacity, CPU, memory, and interconnection between input and output devices. It is often referred to specifically to the organizational structure of the CPU, including its registers, flags, buses, arithmetic logic components, instruction decoding and execution mechanisms, and timing and control components.

2* A linguistic construct that indicates an operation and identifies its operand, if any.

3* is a binary string that is manipulated (arithmeticed) as a unit, usually shorter than a word on a computer.

4* All addressable storage space in the processor and other internal memory used to execute instructions.

When calculating the capacity of memory, we specify that 1g byte = 1,024m byte, 1m byte = 1,024k byte, 1k byte = 1,024 bytes. They are not multiples of 1000 because they are calculated in binary.

With the PIC microcontroller, it is possible to make the circuit very small.

Because the PIC microcomputer can make the computing part, memory, input and output in one chip. Therefore, she works very efficiently, and the functions are freely defined, and she can flexibly adapt to different control requirements without having to change different ICs. In this way, it is possible to make the circuit very small.