The legend of Huishan mud people, the origin of Huishan mud people

There are also many legends about the origin of the Huishan Ni Man, but most of them cannot be verified. Here are a few common legends::

Sun Bin. According to the descendants of the famous Hu Dafang and Hu Erfang clay figurines in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, there were only more than a dozen clay figurine shops with the names of Chen Jusheng and Hu Wansheng in the late Qing Dynasty, and they jointly established the guild of the clay figurine industry --- the Trick Goods Office (now Huishan Shijia Lane).

The patriarch enshrined in the public office is Sun Bin in the Warring States period BC. According to legend: During the Warring States period, Guiguzi.

Accepted two apprentices, and they were all famous military strategists in the Warring States Period, one of them was Pang Juan.

One is Sun Bin. Pang Juan was jealous of Sun Bin and cut off Sun Bin's knees with a trick, making him unable to walk. Sun Bin fled to the state of Wu.

Wandering in the area of Huishan, he pinched a lot of clay figures and mud horses to study the new method of setting up the formation to break the five thunder arrays of Pang Juan. Later, I came to the country of Qi.

For the general, once with the Wei State.

During the battle, he used the tactics studied in Huishan to break the five thunder formations and kill Pang Juan. But his skill in kneading clay figures in Huishan has been passed down, and since then, the residents of Huishan have also pinched clay figures.

Liu Bowen. Another legend is that of the great politician Liu Bowen (also known as Liu Ji) of the Ming Dynasty.

Military strategist, politician, and writer in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, who were proficient in the art of war (July 1, 1311, April 16, 1375) pioneered the clay man of Huishan. At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang.

The founding of the country and the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. One day, Zhu Yuanzhang sent his military advisor Liu Bowen out to investigate. When he arrived in Huishan, Liu Bowen found that he had the spirit of a king, and Huishan was Longshan, and he was afraid that another emperor would be born, which would not be conducive to the rule of the Ming Dynasty.

In order to suppress and destroy feng shui, in order to break the dragon vein, he taught the people to dig soil and extract mud at the foot of Huishan Mountain, and beat the clay people to exchange money for money. Of course, he didn't expect that this time he would leave the world with exquisite Huishan clay figures, and create a group of folk artists who are good at creating Huishan clay sculptures.

China's intangible cultural heritage Huishan clay figurines are liked by many hipsters.

Mountain clay people folk clay sculpture artworks.

The origin is in Huishan, Wuxi, Jiangsu.

In the literature of the Ming Dynasty, the Wuxi clay people are mentioned, and the Qing Dynasty once paid tribute to the Qianlong Emperor.

In the early days, Huishan Niren only had simple big Fu, small flowers, and small heads, and later there were bangs, Bodhisattvas, etc.

Most of them are printed with monolithic or double-piece molds.

During the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty, artists used the method of "pinching the section and inlaid hands" to make clay figures, so that the plastic skills were improved.

Huishan mud people are divided into "coarse goods" and "fine goods".

Coarse goods are mostly made of mold printing for children to play, also known as "juggling".

Fine goods are made into opera characters by pinching and molding, etc., also known as "hand-pinched and hand-written opera".

The themes are: (1) Tricksters represented by Da Afu; (2) idols represented by the God of Wealth; (3) Drama texts that mainly combine people and fiction in opera.

The painting is also very elegant, and the folk have the saying of "three points of plastic, seven points of color".

Huishan Niren is famous at home and abroad, and there is a little-known legend about its origin.

According to legend, during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang's military advisor Liu Bowen observed the celestial phenomena and found that Wuxi Longshan (i.e. Huishan) had dragon veins and dragon energy, and Zhu Yuanzhang sent him to Wuxi to investigate.

After Liu Bowen came to Wuxi, he recruited some skilled craftsmen and used Longshan soil to knead a large number of civil and military generals wearing crowns, court clothes, and court boots.

At that time, the common people at the foot of Longshan lived in poverty and were happy to make clay people for a living.

Within a few days, Longshan Street was full of large and small clay figure stalls.

Then, Liu Bowen transferred another 300 soldiers and selected a place on the slope in front of Qingshan Bay at the southern foot of Longshan Mountain, preparing to dig a deep well to cut off the dragon's veins and dragon's neck.

When Longshan found out, he was furious, and in a fit of anger, a small hill grew on the slope in front of Qingshan Bay.

The locals call it "the mountain", and there is a proverb in Wuxi that "the mountain is produced overnight", which is this classic.

Because the mountain is produced by Longshan gas, the soil on the mountain is coarse and non-sticky, and it is impossible to make a clay man, and only the soil of Longshan can be a clay man.

Since then, the craftsmanship of Wuxi people has been passed down from generation to generation.

The characteristics of Huishan clay people are detailed as follows:

1. Features:

1. The unique Huishan black mud determines the selection of production process and technical conditions to a certain extent, affects the variety and quality of the clay figures, and affects the formation of style, which is also one of the basic material conditions for the longevity of the Huishan clay people.

2. In the early days, Huishan residents made clay figurines as a family sideline, and used this kind of soil to make some small flowers, small Ruyi, small birthday stars, small Buddha statues, stacked arhats, mud Afu and chickens, dogs, geese and other small birds and beasts.

3, Huishan clay people production method in addition to the face with a single piece of molding, the rest of the body is wide, limbs are pinched out, after rubbing, kneading, picking, pinching, printing, patting, cutting, wrapping, pressing, pasting, inlay, scratching, board, inserting wire, pushing, rubbing, paste, carved out of clothing, wearing, hairstyle, headdress, etc., through coloring, opening, waxing, whiskers, Luan and other processes to create a variety of images.

2. Classification:

1. Huishan Laqiao Tong clay people can be divided into two categories in production, one is the mold clay figure. The artists created a sample, commonly known as "pinching the boy". It is then made into a model for mass production.

The shape of the molded clay figurines is simple and plump, and the expression techniques are simple and sophisticated. "Da Ah Fu", "A Ball of Harmony", and "Three Fat Men" are representative works of this kind of work. For hundreds of years, it has always been the mainstream product of Huishan.

2. The other type is the hand-pinched clay figure, which in addition to the face is made by molding, the figure, hands and feet, and clothes are all handmade, because most of them are expressed in opera, so it is also called "hand-pinched opera".

The characteristics of Huishan Niren are introduced as follows:

Huishan mud people rough goods features:

Since the rough goods are mostly printed with a single mold or two sides of the mold, the artist makes the work round in order to facilitate demoulding, the block surface is balanced and transitioned, and the contour of the work is expressed in high relief.

In this way, it can not only adapt to the production of printing blanks, but also ensure the smooth start of the painting. A considerable part of Huishan Niren has a flat arc on the back, without any shape. Therefore, the shape is concise and exaggerated, with a large head and short body, a square plate and a large face, and a square mouth and nose, which has the artistic characteristics of being thick and simple, stable and strong.

Characteristics of Huishan clay people:

In the process of inheritance from generation to generation, it naturally absorbs nutrients from social customs and the aesthetics of the people's return to the rocks, and constructs its own language program to form a specific traditional style. The first is the trend towards refinement. The south of the Yangtze River is rich, and compared with other regions, the way of life is more exquisite, and the folk crafts conform to the fashion of life, often exquisite and delicate.

The hand-pinched opera adopts exquisite artistic language, whether it is pinched or painted, it is meticulously crafted, with the characteristics of exquisite and handsome.

The second is the model language of modeling, Huishan clay figure shaping follows the principle of "big realism, small exaggeration", the general head is large and the body is small, the proportion of the head and the body changes moderately, and changes to the artistic scale of five to five and a half heads, this kind of modeling means to reduce the proportion of the clay figure emphasizes the weight of the clay figure, so that it is not short, but more energetic.

Especially in his early works, this artistic scale exudes a quaint and elegant temperament. Huishan Niren has also created a characterized language for different types of character modeling, such as "the general's belly, the waist of a beautiful woman, the legs of a child, and the back of the elderly", such as the shape of a lady with "willow waist, goose egg face, hanging gall nose, water chestnut mouth, red phoenix eyes, and willow leaf eyebrows".

Huishan is a city in Wuxi, Jiangsu ProvinceHuishan Ancient Townof specialties.

Huishan mud man is one of the three famous specialties of Wuxi. The local artists in Wuxi take the black mud at the foot of the northeast slope of the mountain about one meter below the ground, its mud is delicate and soft, rubbed but not wrinkled, bent and continuous, dry but not cracked, excellent plasticity, very suitable for "pinching and molding".

Wuxi's three major specialties1. Yixing purple sand pottery.

Yixing purple sand ware (pot) is a unique handmade clay handicraft in China, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province.

Specialty, China's National Geographical Indication Product. The raw material is purple sand mud, and the origin is in Yixing, Jiangsu.

Dingshu Town, hence the name.

2. Yangshan water peach.

Yangshan peach is produced in Yangshan Town, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, a famous peach town in China, located in the water town of the south of the Yangtze River.

It is bordered by the beautiful Taihu Lake in the south and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in the north.

It has a long history, a gathering of humanities, a developed economy, a beautiful environment, convenient water and land transportation, and tourism resources.

Abundant. Wuxi Yangshan peaches are well-known at home and abroad, and are exported to Japan and the United States by air.

3. Huishan mud people.

Huishan clay figures are rich in themes, exquisite skills, vivid and vivid, elegant and vulgar appreciation. The products are divided into two categories: one is the hand-kneaded clay figurines, which are exquisite in conception and fine in workmanship, and belong to the clay figurines, which have high artistic appreciation and collection value; The other type is clay figurines and gypsum handicrafts, which are produced in batches with molds, with large quantities and low prices.

Wuxi Huishan Niren is said to have started in the Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 400 years.

Through generations of artistic practice by artists, the unique style of Wuxi clay figurines has been formed.

It is rich in the local flavor of the south of the Yangtze River and is deeply loved by the masses.

It is known as one of the "Three Treasures of Wuxi".

Representative work "Da Ah Fu".

It is widely known and spread all over the world.

Wuxi clay people can generally be divided into two categories, one is "accompanying Jane to play goods", also known as "rough goods".

The use of mold blanks, hand-painted bridge color, simple modeling, extensive pen, bright color, both form and spirit.

Most of the content is based on festive and auspicious themes, such as Da Fu, Old Birthday Star, Fisherman Profit, etc., which are deeply loved by the masses and children.

The other type is the hand-pinched drama, also called "fine goods", the work is based on the wonderful scenes in the Jingkun drama, the characters are vividly portrayed, the colors are gorgeous, intriguing, and it is suitable for people to celebrate or appreciate the gifts.

It was once very prosperous in history, but it is rare now.

Now the works displayed in this museum are all copied by famous teachers in Wuxi and the works of famous Qing Dynasty artists in the collection of Nanjing Museum, which is very rare.

Ah Fu, clay man, Huishan.

Huishan is a scenic spot in the south of the Yangtze River, visitors come to the high mountain, and the famous Huishan mud people can be seen almost everywhere.

It is said that since the Song Dynasty, there have been clay figures in Huishan. After the Qing Dynasty, the production and sales of clay figurines reached their heyday. The Huishan clay figurines are made from the soil at the foot of Huishan Mountain.

This kind of soil is not only delicate and tough, but also plastic, and thousands of but not cracked, bent and continuous. As early as the seventh year of Zhaoning in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi passed through Wuxi, that is, there was a poem of "the soil under Huiquan Mountain is like glutinous". The current Huishan mud people have developed to be made of gypsum, which solves the problem of shortage of Huishan mud resources.

The early clay figurines in Huishan roughly have gods and Buddhas, human statues and various animals. The former is sold to Buddhists for worship, and the latter is used as a children's toy. Their length is generally 3-7 cm

The shape is simple, rough and slightly exaggerated, and the color tone of the painting is bright and simple, and the contrast is strong, revealing a strong local atmosphere of the south of the Yangtze River. His representative work is a pair of boys and girls, that is, the clay sculpture of Da Fu. The two mud babies have their heads in a double bun, with a lovely smile, barefoot and cross-legged, holding strange beasts in their arms, delicate and childish, and loved by people.

There is also a legend about the clay man Afu, and there is such a legend in the local area: in ancient times, there were four monsters in Huishan, namely the poisonous dragon, the evil tiger, the skunk turtle and the diao horse, which often harmed people and animals and trampled on crops. Later, there was a god "Sand Boy" who went into the mountain under the pseudonym Ah Fu to fight with the four monsters, and the four monsters were eliminated, and Ah Fu also left the world due to excessive bleeding.

People fabricated images of them during their lifetimes to commemorate them. After repeated creations by generations of artists, Da Ah Fu is lifelike, giving people a feeling of health, happiness and beauty.

Huishan clay people, can be roughly divided into the following categories: hand-pinched drama, Peking Opera masks, characters and animals, practical toys (with thermometers or pencil sharpeners, etc.), these works are small and exquisite, people love, ** make appropriate, is the best gift to visit relatives and friends.

The main streets of Huishan, Hengjie and Zhilian, have many clay figure shops, and it has become a famous "clay figure street", which receives many tourist groups and tourists from all over the world every day. In addition to the local tourism market, Huishan clay sculptures are also exported to Europe, America and Southeast Asian countries.