Replace phenol acidity in order, acidity strength of p methylphenol and phenol

Ethanol. Water "Phenol" Carbonic Acid.

Their acidity, the reason why they have the above law, is related to their different molecular structures. Ethanol:C2H5-OH Water:

H-OH Phenol: C6H5OH Carbonic Acid: Hooc-OH When the hydroxyl group is attached to an electron repulsion group such as C2H5, the oxygen atom is increased due to the electron repulsion of the ethyl group.

on the electron cloud.

density, which inhibits the shift of the electron cloud between hydrogen and oxygen atoms to the direction of oxygen atoms, weakens the polarity of the hydrogen-oxygen bond, so that ethanol is more difficult to dissociate than water, and is weaker acidic. When the hydroxyl group is mixed with an electron-withdrawing group (e.g., phenyl, carboxyl.

When connected, due to the action of the electron withdrawing group, the reduction of [medical. Learn to teach. Educational network search.

Consolidation. The electron cloud density of the oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group is conducive to the shift of the electron cloud between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms to the oxygen atom, resulting in the polarity of the hydrogen-oxygen bond. Therefore, phenol, carbonic acid is stronger than water.

Because the carboxyl group has a stronger electron-withdrawing ability than the phenyl group, the acidity of carbonic acid is stronger than that of phenol.

P-tolophenol is less acidic than phenol.

There is a general law of acidic strength, that is, the introduction of electron-withdrawing groups makes the acidity stronger, and the introduction of electron-withdrawing groups weakens the acidity. Because the electron-withdrawing group can reduce the negative charge density of the ionized negative ions, thus stabilizing them. The effect of giving an electron base is exactly the opposite.

Phenol is a very weak acidic substance, which cannot discolor the indicator, can only be partially ionized, corrosive, and easily soluble in alcohol. However, the acidity of p-methylphenol is weaker than that of phenol, because the methyl group is a weak electron-donor group, and the introduction of the electron-donor group weakens the acidity.

Dangers of Misuse of Phenol:

1. Health hazards.

Phenol has a strong corrosive effect on ** and mucous membranes, which can inhibit the central nervous system or damage liver and kidney function. If you accidentally come into contact with the source**, immediately remove the contaminated clothing, wipe it with a mixture of glycerin, polyethylene glycol and alcohol, and wash it thoroughly with water. Medical treatment.

2. Acute poisoning.

Inhalation of high concentrations of vapor can cause headache, dizziness, fatigue, and blurred vision. Accidental ingestion causes burns of the digestive tract, burning pain, phenolic smell of exhaled air, the possibility of gastrointestinal perforation, shock, pulmonary edema, and acute renal failure.

3. Environmental hazards.

It has serious harm to the environment and can cause pollution to water bodies and the atmosphere.

4. Explosion hazard.

The product is flammable, highly toxic, highly corrosive, and can cause burns to the human body. <>

Summary. Methylphenol is more acidic than phenol. Methylphenol is strong acidic because it has a substituent that can enhance its acidity, whereas phenol does not have a substituent, so it is weaker acidic.

The solution to this problem is to first understand the structure of methylphenol and phenol, methylphenol is an organic compound, it has a substituent, and phenol has no substituent, secondly, to understand the concept of acidity, acidity refers to the substance's ability to separate the ions in the water to form H+ ions, so that the pH value of the water is reduced, and finally to understand the acidity of methylphenol and phenol, because methylphenol has a substituent, it can enhance its acidity, while phenol has no substituent, So it is less acidic.

Methylphenol is more acidic than phenol. Methylphenol is strong acidic because it has a substituent, which can enhance its acidity, while phenol does not have a substituent, so it is weakly acidic. The solution to this problem is to first understand the structure of methylphenol and phenol, methylphenol is an organic compound, it has a co-substitution group, and phenol has no substituent, and secondly, to understand the concept of acidity, acidity refers to the substance can separate the ions in the water to form H+ ions, so that the pH value of the water is reduced, and finally to understand the acidity of methylphenol and phenol, because methylphenol has a substituent, it can enhance its acidity, and phenol has no substituent, So it is less acidic.

Can you elaborate on that a little bit more?

In response to the problem, methylphenol is more acidic than phenol. Methylphenol has a substituent, which can replace a hydrogen atom to make it more acidic, whereas phenol has no substituent, so it is less acidic. In addition, the PKA value of methylphenol is and the PKA value of phenol is, which also proves that methylphenol is more acidic than phenol.

Methyl cryptophenol is more acidic than phenol because it has a substituent that can replace a hydrogen atom to make it more acidic. The difference in the acidity of methylphenol and phenol can also be seen from their structure. In the molecular structure of methylphenol, there is a substituent, which can replace a hydrogen atom to make it more acidic; In the molecular structure of phenol, there are no substituents, so it is weakly acidic.

In conclusion, methylphenol is more acidic than phenol because it has a substituent that can replace a hydrogen atom to make it more acidic.

The following substituted phenolic acids are the most likely to be buried ().

a.p-Methoxyphenol.

b.p-chlorophenol.

c.p-nitrophenol.

d.p-tomethylphenol.

Correct answer to the case: c

Nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, you are all strong acids...

The order of acidity of carbonic acid, hypochlorous acid, and phenol is: Carbonate H2CO3> Hypochlorite HCLO> Phenolic Acid C6H5OH

This can be illustrated by chemical equations.

co2 + h2o + ca(clo)2==caco3 ↓+2hclo

C6H5ONA+CO2+H2O=C6H5OH+NaHCO3 can also be seen from the ionization constant of the acid:

Acid pka=-lgka (the ionization constant of the acid is taken as the opposite of the commonly used logarithm) H2CO3

hcloc6h5oh

HA = reversible = H+ + A- (ionization equation for acid HA) KA = [H+]EQ * A-]EQ [HA]EQ ([B]EQ denotes the concentration of B at equilibrium).

The larger the ka, the greater the degree to which the reaction proceeds, i.e., the easier it is to ionize and the more acidic it is.

The larger the pka, the less acidic and the more alkaline it is.

The order of acidity of the three from strong to weak: carbonic acid, hypochlorous acid, phenol.

An appropriate amount of phenol can be dissolved in water, and then the pH of the solution can be tested with pH test paper to obtain that the solution is weakly acidic, thus proving that phenol is a weak acid.

Take an appropriate amount of phenol and dissolve it in an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide solution, and then add acetic acid solution to the generated phenol solution, and you can see that phenol is re-precipitated, indicating that phenol is less acidic than acetic acid, and acetic acid is a weak acid, then phenol must be a weak acid.

It is simply not possible to prepare a phenol solution with a pH = 1.

Not only weak acids can do this, medium and strong acids (or non-strong acids) can be configured, first configure a solution with pH = 1, take 1ml of solution and dilute it with water to 100ml, and then side the pH value of the solution, if the pH is less than 3, it can be proved; Therefore, this can only be done: after CO2 is introduced into the sodium phenol solution, the solution becomes turbid from clarity to turbidity, which proves that phenol is a weak acid.

Carbonic acid, hypochlorous acid, phenol acidity in order of acidity: carbonate H2CO3> hypochlorous acid HCLO> phenolic acid.

c6h5oh

This can be illustrated by chemical equations. co2

h2oca(clo)2==caco3

2HCOC6H5ONa+CO2+H2O=C6H5OH+NaHCO3 can also be seen from the ionization constant of the acid:

Sour. pka = -lgka (the ionization constant of the acid is taken as the opposite of the commonly used logarithm) h2co3hclo

c6h5oh

HA = reversible = H+

a- (ionization equation for acid HA).

ka=[h+]eq

The greater the a-]eqha]eq ([b]eq indicates the concentration of b at equilibrium) ka, the greater the degree to which the reaction proceeds, i.e., the easier it is to ionize and the more acidic it is.

The larger the pka, the less acidic and the more alkaline it is.

h2co3:pka1=

hclo:pka=

h2so3:pka1=

h2sio3:pka1=

ar-oh:pka=

ch3cooh:pka1=

So it should be sulfurous acid, acetic acid, carbonic acid, silicic acid, hypochlorous acid, phenol.