What are the differences and connections between the material cycle and the energy flow of ecosystem

Connection: The flow of energy and the cycle of matter are carried out with the help of the feeding process between organisms, in the ecosystem, the flow of energy and the cycle of matter are closely combined and carried out at the same time, they organically connect the various components into a whole, so as to maintain the continuous existence of the ecosystem.

Differences: 1. Different functions.

Overview of the Material Cycle The material cycle of an ecosystem refers to the cyclic movement of inorganic compounds and elemental substances through the ecosystem.

Energy is transferred through the food chain and food web, and solar energy is the energy of all life activities**. It enters the ecosystem through the photosynthesis of green plants and then transfers from green plants to various consumers.

2. The characteristics are different.

The material cycle in an ecosystem can be summarized by two concepts: reservoir and circulation. A reservoir is made up of a certain amount of a certain compound present in some biotic or abiotic components of an ecosystem. For an element, there are one or more major reservoirs.

Energy flow is characterized by a one-way flow, and the energy released into the environment by various parts of the ecosystem through various ways can no longer be used by other organisms.

3. The role is different.

The circulation of matter in the ecosystem is actually the circulation between reservoirs. The amount of transfer per unit time or unit volume is called circulation.

The starting point of energy flow is mainly solar energy fixed by the producer through photosynthesis (and the energy produced by chemoautotrophic organisms through chemical energy alteration). The total energy flowing into the ecosystem is mainly the total amount of solar energy fixed by producers through photosynthesis.

Material cycle: green plants convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis and store it in organic matter, and then animals obtain nutrients through the food chain and food web, and animal and plant debris, excrement, etc. are decomposed by decomposers to decompose organic matter into inorganic matter, and then used by plants, which achieves the material cycle. The material cycle is accompanied by the flow of energy, and the energy flows from the previous trophic level to the next trophic level, which includes the loss of energy, so energy can only be said to flow and cannot be said to circulate in the ecosystem.

To put it simply, solar energy cannot be said to become solar energy after passing through the ecosystem.

Summary. Pro, the characteristics are as follows

The flow of energy is one-way, decreasing, non-cyclical; Between the biome and the inorganic environment, matter is constantly circulating, and some of the substances are circulating.

Energy flow and material circulation are the main functions of ecosystems, and they are simultaneous, interdependent and inseparable. The fixation, storage, transfer and release of energy are inseparable from the synthesis and decomposition process of matter. Matter acts as a carrier of energy, allowing energy to flow along the food chain (net); Energy acts as a power force that enables matter to constantly circulate back and forth between the biome and the inorganic environment.

It is through the flow of energy and the circulation of matter that the various components of the ecosystem can be closely linked together to form a unified whole.

Characteristics of material circulation and energy flow in ecosystems.

Pro, the characteristics are as follows: The energy flow signal is one-way decreasing and non-cyclical; Between the biome and the inorganic environment, matter is constantly circulating, and some of the substances are circulating. Energy flow and material circulation are the main functions of ecosystems, and they are simultaneous, interdependent and inseparable. The fixation, storage, transfer and release of energy are inseparable from the synthesis and decomposition process of matter.

Matter acts as the carrier of energy, so that energy flows along the food chain (net) and ignites meditation; Energy acts as a power force that enables matter to constantly circulate back and forth between the biome and the inorganic environment. It is through the flow of energy and the circulation of matter that the various components of the ecosystem can be closely linked together to form a unified whole.

What are the characteristics of each of them?

There are two major characteristics of energy flow, which are that energy flow is unidirectional and energy decreases step by step.

Matter cycle friendship refers to the energy flow of the ecosystem that promotes the circulation of various substances between biological fronts and communities and the inorganic environment. The substances here include the basic elements that make up living organisms: carbon, good base nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and toxic substances represented by DDT, which can exist stably for a long time.

Matter and energy in ecosystems flow along the food chain and food web.

Every living thing draws air, moisture, sunlight, heat, and nutrients from its surroundings. In the process of growth, reproduction and activity, various substances are continuously released and excreted into the surrounding environment, and the remains of death are also returned to the environment. All living things live in an ecosystem according to this law.

Ecosystems in nature vary in size and variety, from a drop of lake water, a tray where bacteria are cultivated, small ditches, small ponds, flowers, and meadows, to lakes, oceans, forests, grasslands, and even the biosphere, which encompasses all ecosystems on earth.

According to the type, there are freshwater ecosystems, estuarine ecosystems, marine ecosystems, etc., and desert ecosystems, meadow ecosystems, forest ecosystems, and so on on land. In addition, according to their origins, they can be divided into natural ecosystems (such as polar regions, primeval forests), semi-artificial ecosystems (such as farmland, fuel forests, breeding lakes) and artificial ecosystems (such as cities, factories and mining areas, manned capsules of spaceships and submarines).

Matter is used as a carrier of energy, so that energy flows along the food chain (net);

Energy acts as a driving force that allows matter to constantly circulate between the biome and the inorganic environment

The flow of energy and the circulation of matter go on at the same time, and they are interdependent and inseparable

Answer]: After light energy is processed into the ecosystem by plant photosynthesis, the energy moves through the trophic levels of the food chain, and it is unidirectional; The total energy fixed by the producer, part of the corpses left in the animals and plants is used by the decomposer and dispersed into the environment in the form of heat through respiration, and part of it is consumed by the respiration of producers and consumers at all levels in the flow, and is also opened to the Huanfeng Tong realm in the form of heat energy, and only a part of the energy is used by the next trophic level and stored as potential, only about 1 10, so the energy transfer efficiency in the ecosystem is low, and the energy flow is becoming more and more blind and detailed, and energy needs to be continuously input. Matter Cycle:

The inorganic matter in the environment is synthesized by the plant, and then transferred between the producer and the consumer with the different trophic levels of the food chain, and finally the animal and plant corpses are divided into simple inorganic matter through the decomposer and returned to the inorganic environment, entering the cycle again. It can be seen that in the ecosystem, substances can be used by living beings repeatedly, and they are recycled over and over again.

Answer] B Answer Analysis] Test Question Analysis: The energy in the feces flows to the decomposer, and the plant cannot use it, A is wrong; Plant photosynthesis absorbs CO2, biological respiration releases CO2, and the circulation of carbon between biological communities and inorganic environment is mainly carried out in the form of CO2, b correct; The flow of energy is unidirectional, cannot be recycled, c wrong; The greater the number of primary consumers in the food chain, the more energy is obtained at the next trophic level.

Test point: This question tests the basic laws of material circulation and energy flow in the ecosystem, and is intended to test the candidate's ability to understand the main points of the knowledge learned and grasp the internal connection between knowledge.

The structure and function of the ecosystem of the eight biologicals of Beijing Normal University - the material cycle is accompanied by the flow of energy.

Matter is used as a carrier of energy, so that energy flows along the food chain (net);

Energy as a driving force, so that matter can constantly circulate between the biological community and the inorganic environment Energy flow and matter circulation are carried out at the same time, interdependent, and can be divided without guessing Zen, 8, the material cycle is accompanied by the flow of energy, 2, matter is used as a carrier of energy to make energy flow along the food chain (network);

Energy acts as a driving force that enables matter to constantly circulate between the biological community and the inorganic environment,1 and the two are simultaneously interdependent and inseparable. 1. The energy flow is one-way flowing, decreasing step by step; The material cycle is global and repetitive; Matter is the carrier of energy flow; Energy is the driving force of the material cycle; Information transfer can regulate the interspecific relationship of organisms and maintain the stability of ecosystems. ,1,Definition of scientific and technological terms.

Name of the text: Matter CycleEnglish name: matter cycle; material cycle definition 1:

Under the action of natural forces and biological activities, the earth's surface materials are stored, transferred, dusted, and migrated in or between ecosystems. Applied Disciplines: Ecology (first-level discipline); Ecosystem Ecology (Secondary Discipline) Definition 2:

Under the action of natural forces and biological activities, the earth's surface materials are stored, transformed, and migrated in or between ecosystems. Applied disciplines: soil science (first-level discipline); Soil ecology and soils. 0,