What are the main hazards caused by soil pollution?

1. Threats to national food security and food security. Soil pollution has led to a decline in the quality of cultivated land, which directly threatens the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land, resulting in excessive levels of heavy metals in grain and agricultural products, affecting food safety.

2. Endangering human health. After the heavy metals in the soil enter the human body through the food chain, they have the hazards of carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic.

3. Affecting social stability. The prevention and control of soil pollution involves the resettlement of workers in relocated industrial and mining enterprises, and the compensation for damage to farmers' economy and people's health, etc., and if not properly handled, it will affect social harmony and stability.

What are the hazards of soil pollution Where are the hazards of soil pollution manifested? Theoretically, soil pollution can be divided into four types: damage to cash crops, damage to material quality, damage to human health, and damage to other environments.

According to statistics, the country's annual heavy metal output due to land pollution has decreased by more than 10 million tons, in addition, the grain polluted by heavy metals has reached more than 12 million tons per year, with a total economic loss of at least 20 billion yuan.

The second is the quality pollution of goods: food, vegetables, fruits, etc. in many places have cadmium, chromium, arsenic, lead and other heavy metals exceeding the standard or approaching the critical value. In some places, the contamination has made vegetables taste unpleasant, perishable, and even produce foul odors.

The third is because soil pollution seriously affects human health, because soil will accumulate pollutants in plant bodies and enrich them into human and animal bodies through the food chain, and some highly toxic pollutants, such as mercury and cadmium, are enriched into crop fruits and poisoned by humans or domestic animals. This is the current cause of multiple cancers.

The last point is environmental pollution: the topsoil with heavy metal pollution is easy to enter the atmosphere and water bodies under the action of wind and water power, forming acid rain and poisonous water.

Knowing that soil pollution harms crops, people, the environment, etc., I hope to protect the environment from my own actions, and start from a little bit of life to reduce or eliminate soil pollution.

Soil pollution can be roughly divided into four categories: harm to cash crops, harm to material quality, harm to human health, and harm to other environments.

1. Soil pollution leads to serious direct economic losses, such as the decline of soil quality, crop yield and quality, according to statistics, the national heavy metals in the land pollution reduce the production of more than 10 million tons of grain every year, and the heavy metals polluted by heavy metals are also as much as 12 million tons per year, with a total economic loss of at least 20 billion yuan.

2. Pollution of article quality includes excessive and close to critical levels of heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, arsenic, and lead in grain, vegetables, fruits and other foods in many places. In some areas, the polluted irrigation has made the taste of vegetables worse, easy to rot, and even unpleasant odors.

3. Soil pollution is serious to human beings is that soil will accumulate pollutants in plants (crops) and enrich into human bodies and animals through the food chain, and some toxic pollutants, such as mercury and cadmium, are enriched into crop fruits, and poisoning occurs after humans or livestock eat them. This is the reason why there are many cancers now.

4. Environmental pollution, such as: polluted topsoil with high concentration of heavy metals is easy to enter the atmosphere and water under the action of wind and water respectively, forming acid rain, poisonous water and so on.

Knowing that there are so many and so many harms of soil pollution such as crops, human beings, and the environment, I hope that the protection of the environment starts from me, from the bits and pieces of life, and we must reduce or eliminate soil pollution.

1.Soil pollution leads to serious direct economic losses from crop pollution and reduced yields. There is a lack of systematic investigation data on the economic losses caused by various types of soil pollution.

Taking soil heavy metal pollution as an example, the country's grain production is reduced by more than 10 million tons every year due to heavy metal pollution, and as many as 12 million tons of grain contaminated by heavy metals are also affected by heavy metals every year, with a total economic loss of at least 20 billion yuan.

2.Soil pollution leads to declining biological quality Most of the soil in the suburbs of cities in China has been polluted to varying degrees, and the content of heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, arsenic, and lead in grain, vegetables, fruits and other foods in many places exceeds the standard and is close to the critical value.

In addition to the hygienic quality of food, soil contamination also significantly affects other qualities of crops. In some areas, the polluted irrigation has made the taste of vegetables worse, easy to rot, and even unpleasant odors. The storage quality and processing quality of agricultural products cannot meet the requirements of deep processing.

3.Soil pollution endangers human health Soil pollution will accumulate pollutants in plants (crops) and enrich them into human and animal bodies through the food chain, endangering human and animal health, causing cancer and other diseases.

4.Soil pollution leads to other environmental problems After the land is polluted, the polluted topsoil with high concentrations of heavy metals is easy to enter the atmosphere and water bodies under the action of wind and water power, respectively, resulting in other secondary ecological and environmental problems such as air pollution, surface water pollution, groundwater pollution and ecosystem degradation.

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What is soil pollution? What are the dangers of soil pollution?

What are the dangers of soil pollution.

1. It leads to a decrease in crop yield and the quality of agricultural products.

2. Polluting groundwater and surface water.

3. Affect the quality of the atmospheric environment.

4. Endangering human health.

There are two types of soil pollutants, inorganic pollutants (acids, alkalis, salts, heavy metals, etc.) and organic pollutants (pesticides, phenols, fertilizers, harmful microorganisms, etc.). When the soil contains too many harmful substances, it will pass through the plants that grow in the soil, or seep water from under the soil.

It is indirectly absorbed by the human body and will endanger human health.

The main hazards of soil pollution are:

1. It leads to a decrease in crop yield and the quality of agricultural products.

2. Polluting groundwater and surface water.

3. Affect the quality of the atmospheric environment.

4. Endangering human health.

The pollutants entering the soil mainly have different destinations such as fixation, volatilization, degradation, dispersion and leaching due to their different types and properties. Heavy metal ions are mainly ions that can make soil inorganic and organic colloids stably adsorb.

Including the ions that are obligate adsorption with oxides and tightly bound to humin, as well as insoluble metal hydroxides, carbonates and sulfides produced in the chemical equilibrium of soil solutions, most of which are fixed in the soil and difficult to eliminate; Although some chemical reactions can mitigate its toxic effects, they are still a potential threat to the soil environment.

Soil pollution: Due to the rapid growth of population, the rapid development of industry, the increasing amount of solid waste, a large amount of harmful wastewater infiltrated into the soil, and the harmful gases and dust in the atmosphere also continued to fall into the soil with rain, resulting in soil pollution. Soil pollution leads to a continuous decline in biological quality, endangers human health, and also pollutes the environment.

What is soil pollution? What are the dangers of soil pollution?

Hazards and measures of soil pollution:

(1) Waterborne infectious diseases.

Waterborne diseases are diseases that are spread through drinking or coming into contact with water contaminated with pathogens, or eating food contaminated with such water. The causative agents of waterborne infectious diseases are bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. They come from human and animal manure, domestic sewage, hospitals, as well as wastewater from the livestock slaughtering, leather and food industries.

The main reasons for the occurrence of water-borne infectious diseases are: after the water source is contaminated by pathogens, it is provided to residents for drinking without proper treatment and disinfection; In the process of water transportation, distribution and storage, the treated drinking water is re-contaminated by pathogens due to pipeline leakage, negative pressure occurs, and it is called secondary pollution.

2) Chemical poisoning.

Cyanide: mainly from the wastewater discharged from coking, electroplating, mineral processing, chemical and synthetic fiber industries. Acute and chronic cyanide poisoning presents primarily with central nervous system symptoms.

Cyanide can be converted into thiocyanate under the action of enzymes in the body, which can inhibit the function of the thyroid gland to aggregate iodine and affect the synthesis of thyroid hormones.

Nitrate: Nitrate in water mainly comes from domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, runoff and infiltration after fertilization, as well as nitrate precipitation in the atmosphere, degradation of nitrogen-containing organic matter in the soil, etc. Nitrate is reduced to nitrite in vivo and in vivo, which can oxidize hemoglobin to methemoglobin, causing acute poisoning; It can also be converted into n nitroso compounds, which have carcinogenic effects.

Phenolic compounds: Phenolic compounds mainly come from fecal pollution and industrial wastewater, such as wastewater discharged from coking plants, gas generating stations, chemical, papermaking, textile printing and dyeing factories, etc. Acute poisoning of phenolic compounds can cause diarrhea, stomatitis, black urine, etc., and chronic harm is manifested as memory loss, dizziness, insomnia, anemia, rash, etc.

After phenols pollute the water body, it can cause peculiar smell and odor in the water.

Metals such as cadmium, mercury, chromium, and lead can cause acute, chronic, and long-term hazards in water bodies.

3) Other hazards.

At the same time of chlorination and disinfection of drinking water, a series of chlorination by-products will be produced, which have been proved by animal experiments to have mutagenic and/or carcinogenic effects, and some are teratogenic and/or neurotoxic; The water is polluted by domestic sewage containing nitrogen and phosphorus, which can cause eutrophication of lakes and other places, a large number of algae blooms, and the deterioration of water quality; The water pollution of the secondary water supply of high-rise can make drinkers feel nausea, vomiting, bloating, and even serious intestinal infections or chronic hazards; Many endocrine disruptors are discharged into the water environment, resulting in the pollution of endocrine disruptors in drinking water, and their health hazards cannot be ignored. High or low levels of certain elements in natural water environments can cause endemic diseases.

Water pollution and its hazards:

1. The harm of water pollution to the human body.

In the process of metabolism of the human body, along with drinking water and food, various elements in the water enter all parts of the human body through the digestive tract. When water is deficient in some or some elements that are necessary for the life processes of the human body, it affects human health. For example, in some areas, there is a lack of iodine in the water, and drinking this water for a long time can lead to "Great Neck Disease", which is medically called "endemic goiter".

When water contains harmful substances, it is more harmful to the human body. Carcinogens can be introduced into the human body through the consumption of contaminated food (grains, vegetables, fish, etc.), and can also enter the human body through drinking water.

According to surveys, people who drink contaminated water have a higher incidence of cancers such as liver cancer and stomach cancer than those who drink clean water. When the sewage contains mercury, cadmium and other elements discharged into rivers and lakes, aquatic plants will absorb and enrich mercury, cadmium and other elements, after the fish eat aquatic plants, and further enrich in their bodies, after people eat poisoned fish, mercury, cadmium and other elements are enriched in the human body, so that the human body is sick and dies. In this way, from aquatic plants

Aquatic critters

Small fish, big fish

The human body, forming a food chain. The human body eventually became the "foothold" of elements such as mercury and cadmium.

2. The harm of water pollution to aquatic life.

A wide variety of aquatic animals and plants live in the water. Organisms and water, organisms and organisms exchange complex materials and energy, and maintain a dynamic equilibrium relationship in terms of quantity. But under the influence of human activity, this balance has been disrupted.

When humans discharge pollutants into the water, some beneficial aquatic organisms will be poisoned and die, while some pollution-tolerant aquatic organisms will intensify their reproduction, consume a large amount of oxygen dissolved in the water, and make the beneficial aquatic organisms forced to move to other places due to lack of oxygen, or die. In particular, some toxic elements are insoluble in water and easy to accumulate in living organisms, causing great harm to human beings. For example, the amount of mercury in water is very low, but the content in aquatic organisms is very high, and the content in fish is surprisingly high.

Assuming a mercury concentration of 1 in the water body, the concentration of mercury in benthic organisms (i.e., small organisms living in the sediment of the water body) in aquatic organisms is 700, while the concentration of mercury in fish is as high as 860. It can be seen that when the water body is polluted, on the one hand, it leads to the destruction of the balance between organisms and water, and between organisms, and on the other hand, some toxic substances continue to transfer and enrich, and finally endanger the health and life of human beings.

3. The impact of water pollution on industrial and agricultural production.

Industrial and agricultural production not only needs to have enough water, but also has certain requirements for water quality. Otherwise, it will cause great losses to industry and agriculture, especially after the use of polluted water in the process of industrial and agricultural production, it will be extremely harmful to human beings. First, the industrial equipment is damaged, which seriously affects the quality of products.

The second is to change the chemical composition of the soil and reduce its fertility, resulting in reduced crop yields and serious pollution. The third is to increase the cost of sewage treatment for domestic and industrial water in cities.