How to improve the soil before growing vegetables in low lying saline soils

When the water evaporates, the water becomes water vapor and flies away, leaving the saline-alkali components in the soil, and the water in the ground continues to rise to bring out the salt, and after continuing to evaporate, the salt is left in the soil, so that the more and more it gathers, the soil has too much salt content and becomes a saline-alkali land. In fact, this is generally clear. Saline-alkali land, in fact, is not very difficult, because in the past, the salt was washed with water, so the saline-alkali will be less and less, and now the flood irrigation method is definitely not good.

Water bills are too high.

<> establish a good irrigation and drainage system, soak and dry after irrigation, and soak again if there are salt crystals. Cover the planting soil, and the height of the covering soil is combined with the micro-terrain design to save the amount of guest soil. Raising the ground can relatively lower the groundwater level, thus reducing the height of the groundwater level.

Fence the field with soil, irrigate it, and soak it. The time generally lasts for two days, and the water is discharged after two days, so repeated 3-4 times, and after the field is dried, check whether there are salt crystals on the surface, if not, continue to soak the field, if there is, the crystals can be eradicated.

Irrigation well drainage, combined with channel drainage, when the rainy season comes, to pump and replenish the salt, to free up the space occupied by groundwater, can increase the infiltration rate in the flood season, desalinate groundwater, effectively prevent soil waterlogging, and accelerate soil desalination. Wash salt. Salt washing is to pour water into the saline-alkali land, so that the soil salt is dissolved, and the soluble salt in the topsoil layer is discharged into the deep soil or leached out through infiltration, and the side infiltrates into the drainage ditch to be removed.

The saline-alkali land that needs to be improved is deeply cultivated, about 30-40 cm. The requirement is that there are no large clods in the land, and the soil is as fine as possible. When deep ploughing, it should be carried out vertically and horizontally many times as much as possible, and the depth of deep ploughing and the fineness of the soil should be satisfied.

Drip irrigation and infiltration irrigation technology is used to avoid flood irrigation. The third is agricultural measures. Ridge planting, ground mulching, seedling transplanting, cultivation and planting of saline-alkali tolerant crops and crop varieties.

The fourth is to improve the soil, turn the soil deep in summer, mix the soil to change the soil, diffuse the silt and press the alkali, return the straw to the field, and increase the application of organic fertilizer.

Low-lying saline-alkali soil is generally prone to water accumulation and high salt content, resulting in surface crusting and difficulty in underwater infiltration, which seriously hinders the normal growth of crops. The first is to carry out high ridge deep water pressure alkali before winter. The second is to combine irrigation with ferrous sulfate.

The action of ferrous sulfate and water can produce sulfuric acid, which can directly neutralize and reduce soil alkalinity. The third is to apply improved materials during irrigation. The improved materials are mostly modified silicates, modified composite salts, etc., which can absorb more water from the soil and fix it, maintain the moisture of the soil, and reduce the salt concentration of the soil solution.

Organic fertilizers are applied in large quantities, which is the most effective way to improve sandy soils. Turn all kinds of manure and compost into the soil during spring or autumn ploughing, and apply soluble chemical fertilizers such as ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer that are not easy to lose;

I think that before growing vegetables in low-lying saline soil, if we want to improve the soil better, we should modify it according to the soil environment it needs, and ensure that the nutrients are retained.

Soil salinization refers to the accumulation of soluble salts on the surface of the soil layer or the whole process, also known as salinization. Salinization will make it difficult for the roots of vegetables and fruits to absorb moisture, which will hinder development. In the cultivation of crops, the salinization of the soil is more serious, and many farmers will encounter it, and this situation often confuses them.

In this case, I will answer the question from two aspects: root cause and prevention technology. The factors that cause soil salinization are more serious, because of the application of inorganic organic pure finch fertilizer every year, the organic matter in the soil is completely lost, resulting in the nutrient overflow of light fertilizer and other factors. A lot of minerals are accumulated, and the salt content of the soil layer is getting bigger and bigger.

This is also known as salinization. The lack of organic matter causes the void of pellet feed in the soil layer to become smaller, because of the improvement of the coarse-grained soil in the middle, the soil quality of the least grained enterprise is firmly adsorbed together, expressing the coarse caking symptoms of everyone's common pants. After the planting of vegetables and fruits, it must go through 10-15 days of slow seedling stage, which is usually to promote the growth and development of rhizomes, the total number of capillary roots and new roots will be increased, and the growth and development direction will be vertical and deepest growth and development.

If the soil is salinized, the rhizome can not develop normally, the growth and development of new roots and the promotion are very slow, and the reasonable nutrients can not be absorbed and transported to the position on the ground, and the symptoms expressed are: underdevelopment, yellowing of leaves, very few new shoots, leaves emerge. If you don't have a certain amount of work experience, you can diagnose such a thing as a deficiency disorder.

For purposeful land improvement, I suggest that you first measure the pH value of the soil layer to quantify the salinization level, in which case the soil layer is all weakly acidic, and establish the alkalinization level according to the accurate measurement. The salinization of secondary minerals caused by organic fertilizer in the soil is a global problem, and the European Union has gradually formulated relevant laws to limit the demand for excessive organic fertilizer in the soil since the 80s, so since 1981, the demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in European countries has been decreasing, but crop yields have continued to increase and rise early.

The problem of saline soil produced by the soil for growing vegetables is definitely very common, and the key factor that causes this kind of thing is due to the excessive use of organic fertilizers. In the case of crop planting in the future, it is proposed to use organic fertilizer or organic fertilizer as the key chemical fertilizer, and this organic fertilizer is used as an auxiliary fertilizer, which will be very helpful for improving soil quality or reducing the appearance of hydrochloric acidity in the soil layer. The most important point is that we must follow the cycle system of crops to plant and understand, not only to reduce the production of salinity in the soil layer, but also to promote the production and sales of crops and the improvement of organic matter in the soil texture.

It may be that the amount of fertilizer is too much. Be sure to irrigate properly, coarse but letter is not to irrigate too often, to avoid changing the condition of the soil, but also to properly ventilate.

It can be caused by over-fertilization. When using fertilizer, we must control the amount, and also pay attention to the timing of fertilizer, so as not to affect the soil.

It may be caused by the use of pesticides, or it may be caused by the surrounding environment, so choose the right plants for planting.

For the problem of soil salinization, most of them are related to unreasonable fertilization, many people also know, like manure organic fertilizer, biological fertilizer is also used, but due to the use of the method and use time is not right, the effect can not come out, today we will briefly say:

1. Before planting seedlings, the general greenhouse will be stuffy shed, mainly to eliminate harmful bacteria, but at the same time, the beneficial bacteria are also eliminated, so at this time, if we apply organic fertilizer, if we do not supplement the beneficial bacteria, the organic fertilizer will not play a role, resulting in poor soil.

2. If the beneficial bacteria are applied alone, it will cause the beneficial bacteria to not survive, if it is used with manure organic fertilizer, because the beneficial bacteria have the characteristics of fixed-point reproduction, if the manure we use is not good, it will cause the beneficial bacteria to not play a role.

Therefore, for the use of manure organic fertilizer, it is recommended that you choose to use biological bacteria to ferment good, such as sheep manure organic fertilizer, sheep manure organic fertilizer fermented by biological bacteria, applied to the soil can not only solve the problem of element antagonism, but also supplement the soil with beneficial bacteria and quickly provide nutrients for soil and plants through the decomposition of sheep manure by beneficial bacteria, and improve the soil well.

Soil salinization is serious, in addition to reasonable fertilization, we must use the organic fertilizer fermented by biological bacteria well, so that the soil will be used better and better, and the choice of manure is very important.

The soil is loose, and the soil with good air permeability is called "sponge field", and the crop yield is the highest. Data show that the organic matter content of soil in most parts of China is about 1%, which is below the 2% limit suitable for vegetable growth. Therefore, the increase of organic fertilizer and straw returning to the field to improve the soil, avoid flood irrigation, the conditional areas are best to use micro irrigation or drip irrigation, so that the water slowly infiltrates into the soil, so that the tamping effect on the soil is small, is conducive to improving the air permeability of the soil.

At the same time, after watering, it is necessary to pay attention to timely cultivation and hoeing to assist in increasing the air permeability of the soil.

<>Of course, it can also be used if it is not rotten, that is, it is far away from the roots and rhizomes of vegetables, especially sheep manure water, which is very stinging, easy to burn the roots to death, and it is best to ferment them in a closed container. Special medicinal fertilizer refers to the combination of special fertilizer as a carrier, such as polyglutamic acid, small molecule polypeptide, fulvic acid and organic matter, and chemicals with systemic conduction.

Beneficial flora imbalance, according to the analysis of the theory of soil nutrient return, if you want to change the permeability of the soil, you must first increase the organic matter content of the soil, you can add rotten farmhouse manure or commercial organic fertilizer to the soil, increase the appropriate amount of microbial agents, promote the decay of organic matter, improve the buffering capacity of the soil to pH, increase the pH value of the soil, and the decomposition and utilization rate of organic materials in the greenhouse is high, increase the effective nutrients of the soil, improve the soil structure, fertilize the soil, and promote the development of beneficial microorganisms in the soilto inhibit the occurrence of vegetable diseases.

In order to facilitate water and fertilizer retention. For clay soil, it is recommended that vegetable farmers do not use rotary tillers to plough the ground, but to add sand to the soil before planting vegetables each time to reduce the stickiness of the soil, and at the same time turn the greenhouse soil deeply, and the depth of ploughing is 30 cm. In order to facilitate water and fertilizer retention.

For clay soil, it is recommended that vegetable farmers do not use rotary tillers to plough the ground, but to add sand to the soil before planting vegetables each time to reduce the stickiness of the soil, and at the same time turn the greenhouse soil deeply, and the depth of ploughing is 30 cm.

Of course, soil is crucial to vegetable yield, reasonable soil cultivation is very important for vegetable growth, if this step is done, followed by reasonable fertilization and watering, vegetables will inevitably have high yields.

Yes. In this way, the yield of crops will be increased, and at the same time, it will also be conducive to better growth of crops.

When growing vegetables, proper soil tillage is definitely an important factor in increasing yields, because soil is very important for crops.

Of course, because the vegetables grown in the right soil will have more nutritional value and the yield will be higher.

Yes, soil is an important factor in growing our vegetables, and it will give us a better yield and a particularly good quality.

I think that when we grow vegetables, choosing the right soil is an important factor to increase the yield, because it allows the plants to grow better and the nutrients are well absorbed.

<>1. Prepare raw materials: prepare some garden soil, river sand, and humus soil, the structure of these soils will play different roles in the growth of vegetables.

2. Proportional mixing: Mix 2 parts of river sand, 3 parts of humus soil, and 5 parts of garden soil to make new soil.

3. Add base fertilizer: add organic fertilizer to the prepared soil, or add grass, peel, fallen leaves, dead branches and animal offal, and then ferment.

4. Disinfection and insect control: expose the soil to the sun to kill the germs and insect eggs.

1. How to make the soil for growing vegetables

1. Prepare raw materials.

Prepare an appropriate amount of garden soil, river sand, and humus soil (or mountain mud and peat soil), which have different structures and will play different roles in the growth of vegetables.

2. Proportional mixing.

Mix 2 parts of river sand, 3 parts of humus soil, and 5 parts of garden soil to make new soil, which can increase the proportion of humus soil when it is first planted.

3. Add base fertilizer.

Add organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer to the prepared soil, or mix grass, peel, fallen leaves, dead branches and animal offal into the soil, and break the soil and sieve after fermentation.

4. Disinfection and insect control.

1) Disinfect the soil, such as exposing it to a sunny place, or pouring insecticides, and waiting for it to dry before use.

2) After disinfection, it can kill the germs and insect eggs in the soil, and reduce the probability of pests and diseases during the growth of vegetables.

Second, whether the soil for growing vegetables is better acidic or alkaline

Whether the soil for growing vegetables is acidic or alkaline mainly depends on the variety of vegetables, and most vegetables should be grown in neutral and weakly acidic soils.

1. Strong acid resistance (pH value: potatoes, taro and other vegetables can be planted, but also watermelon, sweet potato and other crops.)

2. Strong acid resistance (pH value: radishes, eggplants, pumpkins, cucumbers, tomatoes, carrots and other vegetables can be planted.)

3. Weak acid resistance (pH value: lettuce, leeks, Chinese cabbage, cabbage and other vegetables can be planted.

4. Weak acid tolerance (pH value: green onions, spinach, onions, beans, cauliflower and other vegetables can be planted.)

Increase the application of organic fertilizer. Increasing the application of organic fertilizer is the fundamental measure to improve the soil properties, after the application of organic fertilizer, the water, fertilizer, gas, heat, bacteria and other factors in the tillage layer are coordinated and unified, not only for the growth of vegetable seedlings roots, stems and leaves to create a temperature, humidity and fertilizer is complete excellent environment, but also can effectively improve soil properties.

How to get rid of bugs in the vegetable field:Common insects in vegetable fields include cabbage worms, red spiders, aphids, and whiteflies. During the maintenance period, if you want to get rid of insects in the vegetable field, you can spray the vegetables.

Spray vegetables with superphosphate, dimethoate, acetamiprid, anti-aphid or imidacloprid and other agents, spray once in 7 10 days, and spray 2 or 3 times in a row to get rid of pests.

If there are fewer insects in the vegetable field and they are in the larval stage, you can prepare an insecticidal solution to remove insects. During the pest control period, you can prepare your own vinegar solution, washing powder, soapy water or cigarette butt water, etc. Spray the prepared solution on the vegetable plants, generally 5 7 days can be sprayed 1 time, 2 3 times after the insect in the vegetable field can be removed.