How is the equator formed? What does the equator mean?

Due to the equatorial region.

When the temperature is high, the airflow expands and rises, and the high air pressure is high, and the airflow flows in the polar direction under the influence of the horizontal pressure gradient force. It is also subject to the geostrophic deflection force.

When the airflow moves to 30 degrees north latitude, it accumulates and sinks, making the surface pressure in the area high, and the area is located in the subtropics, so the subtropical high is formed.

The equatorial region has low surface pressure, resulting in the formation of an equatorial depression. At the surface, air currents flow from high to low pressure, forming a low-latitude circulation. At the surface, the air pressure in the subtropical high is higher, so the air flow is polar.

In the polar regions, due to low temperatures, the airflow contracts and sinks, and the air pressure is high, and the airflow flows in the direction of the equator. The air flow from the polar regions and the air flow from the subtropics meet around 60 degrees Celsius, forming a front called the polar front. The airflow in this area is forced to rise, thus forming a polar depression belt.

After the airflow is lifted, it diverges at high altitude and flows to the subtropical and polar regions, forming a mid-latitude circulation and a high-latitude circulation.

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The Hadley model represents a single circulation in the northern and southern hemispheres, with low-altitude air flowing westward and towards the equator, and upper-level air flowing eastward and toward the poles. The three-circle circulation theory assumes that there are two Hadley circulations in each hemisphere, one in the near-equatorial region and one in the near-polar region. Between the two circulations is the Ferrer circulation, in which surface air flows eastward toward the poles and upper-air towards the equator.

The three-circle circulation theory provides a good explanation of the wind systems observed on the surface of the earth: the tropical easterly trade belt, the mid-latitude westerly wind belt, and the polar easterly belt. However, this theory is inconsistent with the following facts:

In the upper altitude, the latitudinal westerly wind belt does not change direction, but the wind speed becomes stronger; Second, in tropical high air is often weak, or non-existent; And the energy transported to the poles in the three-circle circulation is not as much as the energy that the tropical atmosphere receives from solar radiation. In addition, the three-circle circulation theory cannot explain the transport of angular momentum in the atmosphere.

The equator refers to an artificially divided line that divides the earth into two hemispheres, the northern hemisphere to the north and the southern hemisphere to the south, and the four seasons of the northern and southern hemispheres are opposite. The equator is also the baseline from which latitude is divided, and its latitude of 0° is the longest parallel on Earth.

It is said that more than 700 years ago, the citizens of Quito, the capital of Ecuador, knew that the vicinity of Quito was the place where the sun traveled between the northern and southern hemispheres twice a year, and they called it the "Sun Road". Later, scientists confirmed this claim, and citizens built an equatorial monument on the outskirts of Quito.

The monument is 10 meters high, and the four sides of the monument are engraved with words indicating the four directions of east, south, west and north. There is a stone carved globe on the top of the stele, and there is a white line marking the position of the equator in the middle of the globe, which extends to the stone steps at the bottom of the stele, which is the equatorial line of the ground.

Introduction to Equatorial Countercurrents:

The equator is a low pressure area, and the northeast and southeast trade winds blowing from both sides of the equator to the equator drive the sea water on the north and south sides of the equator to flow from east to west. The north is called the North Equatorial Warm Current, and the south is called the South Equatorial Warm Current. When the equatorial warm current reaches the west coast of the ocean, it is blocked by land, and a small stream of it turns east to form an equatorial countercurrent.

Most of them are affected by geostrophic deflection forces, and flow along the coast to higher latitudes, and are blown by westerly winds in the middle latitudes to form westerly drifting. When they reach the east coast of the ocean, part of them bends to lower latitudes along the west coast of the continent, becoming a compensating current for the equatorial warm current. The other part bends along the west coast of the continent to high latitudes, forming a polar circulation.

Equatorial Species:

The equator is the manufacturing plant of the species. In contrast to other species that have not been so fortunate enough to enjoy this geographical advantage, equatorial animals live in a near-perfect environment, both in terms of temperature, humidity and available food. The only downside to living in this paradise is sharing resources with more than half of the planet's species.

At the equator, flora and fauna grow faster, larger, and more bizarre than those found elsewhere. Sunlight at the equator is the most powerful energy on Earth. As the sunlight here vaporizes the oceans in large quantities, this shock creates columns of humidity over such a large area, which in turn form winds and undercurrents, which then eventually provide energy to life in unusually distant places.

The equator refers to the point on the Earth's surface, the longest circumference in the trajectory produced by the Earth's rotation. The equator is the dividing line between the southern hemisphere and the northern hemisphere, dividing the earth into two hemispheres, north of which is the northern hemisphere and south of which is the southern hemisphere, which is the baseline that divides latitude. At the same time, the equator is the place where the acceleration of gravity on Earth is minimal.

The equator refers to the point on the Earth's surface, the longest circumference in the trajectory produced by the Earth's rotation. The equator is the dividing line between the southern hemisphere and the northern hemisphere, dividing the earth into two hemispheres, north of which is the northern hemisphere and south of which is the southern hemisphere, which is the baseline that divides latitude. At the same time, the equator is the place where the acceleration of gravity on Earth is minimal.

The equator is the longest circumferential line in the trajectory of points on the Earth's surface that rotate with the Earth. The equator has a radius of 6 and a circumference of kilometers (24,901 miles). It divides the earth into two hemispheres, north of it and south of it is the southern hemisphere, which is the baseline that divides latitude.

The equator has a latitude of 0°, which is the longest latitude on Earth.

Continents passing through the equator: African continent, South American continent; Islands (archipelago): Batu Archipelago, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Halmahera, Maldives, Gilbert Islands, Laine Islands.