What are the key points of wintering spinach cultivation technology?

Most of the overwintering spinach planted and cultivated in Liufang are overwintering vegetables sown in autumn and harvested in spring, generally from the end of November of the current year to the beginning of March of the following year, which takes about three months. Therefore, it is the key to increase the income and yield of spinach to ensure the safe wintering of spinach under the condition of long-term low temperature and dryness.

Liufang planted autumn stubble overwintering spinach according to itself, and simply made a sharing as follows:

After spinach seedlings are sown, the first thing is to pay attention to avoid seedling density.

Separate the seedlings from the fixed seedlings in time.

Especially when the seedlings have three to four true leaves}.

Then it is necessary to pay attention to the screening and removal of yellow seedlings and diseased plants, the purpose of which is to ensure that the seedlings grow neatly and the plants grow strongly. Before the temperature drops, it is important to ensure that the spinach seedlings have four to five true leaves, which is the key to ensuring that the spinach can safely overwinter.

It is necessary to take care of the amount of fertilizer to avoid spinach growth.

Making sure the soil is moist before spinach overwintering is the most basic job.

Soil dryness and insufficient moisture will greatly affect the normal growth and development of spinach

During this period, growers can combine cultivating loose soil and reasonably provide water according to local conditions, which is very conducive to the development of spinach roots, and also creates good conditions for spinach wintering. When the cold snap comes, you can use the method of mulching film to keep warm, but after covering the film, you need to prevent high temperatures.

Liufang also recommends the use of mulch insulation after the soil of the cultivated layer is frozen, which can effectively ensure the safe wintering of seedlings.

Secondly, the reasonable time for growers to water frozen water is that the soil layer can be thawed during the day and frozen at night. Appropriate watering means that the amount of frozen water should not be too large or too small.

It is often best to connect the bottom moisture.

Spinach is not overly demanding in terms of water and fertilizer, and growers need to apply it according to the situation. Liufang suggested combining organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, irrigation and drainage, which can not only ensure that there is no stagnant water in the field, but also maintain a certain amount of moisture in the soil. Secondly, Liufang suggested that overwintering fertilizer should be applied in combination with watering and frozen water, and topdressing overwintering fertilizer can also increase the nutrient content of some soils, which can not only effectively play a role in winter fertilizer and spring, but also promote the robustness of plants.

After the spinach is overwintered, growers need to pay attention to the time of watering not too early, because the ground temperature is still relatively low when it first returns to green. The rejuvenation water must be watered only when the tillage layer has thawed and the spinach leaf core has begun to grow.

If it is early, it is easy to reduce the ground temperature and affect the growth of spinach, and if it is late, it will cause the phenomenon of early spinach sprouting due to the lack of water in the soil.

Finally, Liu Fang reminded that spinach is a leafy vegetable, and if the stems and leaves are damaged, it will lose its commerciality and edibility. Therefore, growers also need to prevent spinach pests and diseases in time while doing a good job of spinach wintering, so as to lay a solid foundation for spinach to increase income and ensure quality.

There are many issues that need to be paid attention to, first of all, to ensure temperature, and secondly, to pay attention to pests and diseases. The role of temperature is to prevent frostbite. Pests and diseases can affect the normal growth and harvesting of spinach.

Choose the right overwintering species. Spinach can be grown all year round, and it varies depending on the season. Overwintering spinach, to experience the whole cold winter, we must choose excellent varieties with strong cold resistance, strong wintering ability, and good stress resistance.

Overwintering spinach plants stop growing when they reach 5-6 leaves, and when the temperature drops to 17-19, they are most suitable for sowing, in mid-October to early November. It is necessary to soak the overwintering spinach seeds with about 20 warm water first, and choose a plot with fertile soil and good thermal insulation and water retention.

Overwintering spinach is usually sown between mid-October and early November.

1. The planting time of spring spinach.

After the beginning of spring, when the temperature rises to more than 5 ° C, you can start sowing, March is the appropriate period for sowing, 30-50 days after sowing to harvest, varieties should choose late sprouting, late round leaf pine, spring and autumn large leaves, Shenyang round leaves, Liaoning round leaves, etc.

2. The planting time of summer spinach.

Summer spinach is often sown in stages from May to July, and harvested from late June to mid-September.

3. The planting time of autumn spinach.

Autumn spinach is sown in August and September, and can be harvested in batches 30-50 days after sowing. Varieties should be selected from early-maturing varieties that are more heat-tolerant and fast-growing, such as plowshare pine, Chinese pineapple No. 1, Guangdong round leaves, spring and autumn large leaves, etc.

4. The planting time of overwintering spinach.

Overwintering spinach is usually sown in mid-October - early November, harvested in batches around the Spring Festival, it is advisable to choose medium and late-maturing varieties with strong winter, late sprouting and strong cold tolerance, such as round-leaved pineapple, late-round-leaf pineapple, Chinese pineapple No. 1, Liaoning round-leaved pineapple, etc.

Sowing method: choose loose and fertile, water and fertilizer retention, good drainage and irrigation conditions, slightly acidic loam is better, and pH value. 4000 kg of rotting organic fertilizer per mu of land preparation, 40 kg of superphosphate, leveling fine, winter and spring should be done high furrow, summer and autumn should be flat furrow, furrow width meter.

Spreading is generally used. Summer and autumn sowing is to soak the seeds in water for 12 hours 1 week before sowing, put them in a well or in a refrigerator or refrigerator or refrigerator around 4 oC for 24 hours, and then germinate under the condition of 20-25 oC, and sow seeds after 3-5 days of germination. Dry or wet seeds can be sown in winter and spring.

Kilograms of sowing per mu.

Planting time: Overwintering spinach is sown from mid-October to early November.

Cultivation techniques

Prepare the land for furrowing. Choose loose and fertile, water and fertilizer retention, good drainage and irrigation conditions, slightly acidic loam with good pH value. 4000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu of land preparation, 40 kg of superphosphate, leveling fine, winter and spring should be done high furrow, summer and autumn should be done flat furrow, furrow width meter.

Sowing seeds and raising seedlings. Spinach plots are generally sown. Summer and autumn sowing is to soak the seeds in water for 12 hours one week before sowing, put them in a well or in a refrigerator or refrigerator at about 4 °C for 24 hours, and then germinate at 20-25 °C, and sow seeds after 3-5 days of germination. Dry or wet seeds can be sown in winter and spring.

Kilograms of sowing per mu.

After pouring the bottom water on the furrow surface, sow the seeds, lightly rake the topsoil with a tooth rake, so that the seeds are sown into the soil, and cover the furrow surface with a layer of plant ash. If the temperature of winter sowing is low, the furrow should be covered with plastic film or shade net to promote the emergence of seedlings, and the seedlings should be removed after emergence.

Field management. The soil remains moist after winter spinach planting. When there are 3-4 true leaves, properly control the water to facilitate overwintering. When there are 2-3 true leaves, the seedling spacing is 3-4 cm.

According to the seedling condition and weather, water and fertilizer were applied top-notch, and the feces and urine of ripe people were mainly decomposed. Frost and ice and snow weather should be covered with plastic film and shade nets for insulation, which can be covered with small arches. After the beginning of spring, choose a sunny day to apply well-rotted light manure water to prevent early sprouts.

Pest control

Aphids are sprayed with 40% dimethoate 1000 times solution, or 50% anti-aphid 2000-3000 times solution.

Leaf miner flies are sprayed with 1000 times of 50% phoxanthion EC or 1000 times of 80% trichlorfon powder.

Downy mildew was sprayed with 58% Radomir 500 times, or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times.

Anthrax is sprayed with 50% methyl tobuzine 500 times, or 50% carbendazim 700 times.

Plant autumn spinach, master these 3 seedling preservation skills, spinach safe wintering, bumper harvest!