What are the key points of potato high yield cultivation technology?

Some netizens privately inquired that the potatoes grown by themselves grew slowly, the leaves shrunk, and they didn't know how to prevent and control them. When it comes to potatoes, I am very familiar with them, because my hometown is in Linyi, Shandong, which is also a famous potato planting base.

Potato, also known as potato, is the fourth most important food crop in the world, after wheat, rice and corn.

Since potatoes will become the fourth largest staple food in our country in the future, how can growing potatoes be highly productive? What are the high-yield planting techniques that need to be paid attention to? Today, we will share it with you in detail through this article, hoping that it can be instructive for farmers who grow potatoes.

We take plastic film covering ridge cultivation as an example, like some areas in the south are still directly planted on flat land, so the yield and quality are naturally poorer, so if you want to improve quality and efficiency, you still have to take the direction of plastic film covering ridge planting.

Because the mulch film cover planting can be harvested in early May, compared with the open field cultivation can be about half a month earlier on the market, and the potato tuber quality is good, the yield is high, due to the market time in advance, the market supply is less than demand, so the highest quality, the benefit is also good, and it is also very common to do a good job of 6000 to 8000 catties of potatoes per acre.

So what are the problems to be paid attention to in potato mulch mulching ridge planting technology? What are the key management techniques in this series of planting cycles? Today, we will share in detail the planting and high-yield technology from several important aspects such as potato fertilizer and water management, pest and disease prevention, etc.

Potato high-yield planting technology, I believe that there are many articles on potato high-yield technology on the Internet, some of the most basic planting techniques farmers are already very familiar with, such as potato varieties, plot soil selection, water and fertilizer management, etc., these most basic common sense will not be repeated, today I will share with you 4 technologies to improve the quality of potatoes.

1. How to improve the surface quality of potatoes

Second, how to improve the emergence rate of potatoes

3. How to improve the stress resistance of potatoes

Fourth, how to increase potato yield

How to potato surface quality:

Whether the surface of potatoes is smooth and beautiful determines the market**, because today's consumers value this very much. Therefore, in order to improve the surface quality of potatoes and avoid scabs and other problems that affect the surface quality, we choose plots with fertile soil, deep soil layer, loose soil, good air permeability and no heavy stubble.

How to improve the emergence rate of potatoes

Only with seedlings can there be yields, and without seedlings everything is empty talk. Therefore, improving the emergence rate of potatoes is the basis for high potato yield. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should do germination before plantingGermination has two benefits, the first is to ensure the neat emergence of potato seedlings, and the second is to save the use of potato seeds.

Generally, germination is carried out 15 days before sowing, and the seed potatoes are dried in the sun, and the ultraviolet rays of the sunlight can be used for the purpose of sterilization.

Generally, it can germinate in an environment of about 20 degrees in 7-10 days. After urging out short and strong buds, you can calmly select the bud eyes when cutting the pieces, avoid the problem of multiple buds, reduce the amount of potato seeds, so as to ensure that the seedlings are neat, improve the yield, and promote early maturity. Generally, 4500-5000 acres are appropriate, less no yield, more quality is not good.

First, choose excellent varieties. Second, choose the right land. Third, germination.

Fourth, rational fertilization Fifth, prevent pests and diseases. If you want to get a good harvest and have a high yield on potatoes, we can keep the above several cultivation technology points in mind and put them into action, believing that "you will get what you pay", and the potatoes planted will definitely be able to yield high!

Pick up the land and tidy it. Loose and fertile soil should be selected for land selection, especially semi-sandy loam soil, and compacted fields should be avoided. At the same time, it is necessary to choose the previous crop has not been planted with tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, the best choice of the previous crop is the rice family and root vegetable fields, and then plough and rake into rice to 2 meters wide furrow.

First of all, the planting time and soil requirements are higher, and the insects and weeds are removed regularly to create a good production environment.

The amount of potatoes in different periods is not the same, and you can choose two ways: sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. Sufficient water during flowering; Early tubers require proper water control; The tuber stage should be irrigated according to weather conditions; Moisture should also be controlled in the late tubers and before harvesting, preferably without watering, while preventing disease and rotting tubers.

<> pests and diseases of potato seedlings and potatoes are mainly controlled by pests such as aphids, ground tigers and red spiders, so it is necessary to do a good job in prevention and control at ordinary times, and can use high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides, select the species sown on potatoes before sowing, remove pathogenic tubers, and then choose silty loam soil with higher terrain and good drainage. Proper irrigation can effectively control pests and improve yield and quality.

It is best to choose land with loose, fertile, well-drained and ventilated soil, suitable for mechanized operations, and slightly acidic or neutral sandy loam soil. If the soil is hard and poorly aerated, it will limit the growth of potato tubers, resulting in small, rough and deformed tubers, which in turn will directly affect yield and quality. When cultivating in the field, pay attention to the choice of stubble:

Do not choose to use sulfonylurea herbicides, such as beans, bean B mixture or herbicides such as Pusit and golden bean, otherwise it is easy to cause potato pesticide harm and lead to yield reduction. Corn stubble should not be selected for plots where atrazine has been applied, which can also cause drug harm. Intermediate filling:

The intermediate fill aerates the tuber layer and promotes root growth, stoloner elongation and tuber expansion. The first tillage should be carried out at a depth of 8-10 cm after the seedlings have fully grown. The second tillage should be carried out 10-15 days after the first tillage.

When the buds appear, a third tillage should be carried out while improving soil fertility.

Do a detailed explanation of the problem for a detailed interpretation of the problem, I hope it will help you, if you have any questions, you can leave me a message in the comment area, you can comment with me more, if there is something wrong, you can also interact with me more, if you like the author, you can also follow me, the like is the biggest help to me, thank you.

The cultivation technique is to use sand to promote the germination of seeds, to carry out germination treatment, and then pay attention to the selection of seeds. In the process of planting, we must choose excellent varieties, we must germinate the seeds, put the seeds in the sandy soil of about 10 cm, cover it with a layer of sandy soil, be sure to water, keep the soil moist, be sure to disinfect the soil before planting, and then be sure to choose organic fertilizer. When planting, the temperature must be above 4, the temperature of the sun must be kept above 12, and the exposure time of sunlight must be extended.

You can choose seed planting, and then choose the soil loose and light is better when planting, to cut the seeds, and then pay attention to the appropriate planting density, the planting time should be grasped between January and February, and then to water and fertilize in time, to ensure ventilation, the temperature should be controlled at about 22 degrees, to loosen the soil in time when planting, to do a good job of insecticide and weeding, to use insecticides or herbicides.

It is necessary to plant the sprouted potatoes in the soil, and it is necessary to increase the organic fertilizer in the soil, to increase the fertility, and to choose the right area. To water in time, pay attention to the outside temperature, and never freeze.

1.Selected seed potatoes:

On the basis of selecting improved varieties, the potato shape is regular, with the typical characteristics of this variety, the potato skin is smooth, the color is distinct, and the weight is 1 2 taels of healthy seed potatoes of moderate size. When selecting seed potatoes, it is necessary to strictly remove tubers with cracked epidermis, deformed, pointed heads, necrotic bud eyes, diseased spots or black rot of the umbilicus.

2.Cut into chunks and seed small whole potatoes:

Seed potatoes can be planted in cubes to promote oxygen exchange inside and outside the tuber, break dormancy, and germinate and emerge early. However, when cutting blocks, it is easy to transmit diseases through the cutter, causing rotten seeds, lack of seedlings or increasing the incidence of disease in the field, and accelerating the degradation of varieties. The cut is too large, and the amount of seed is large, and it is generally appropriate to cut it into 20 30 grams.

When cutting the pieces, cut them longitudinally, so that each cut has the bud eye with the top advantage. When cutting into pieces, the diseased potatoes should be removed, and the cutting utensils should be strictly disinfected to prevent the spread of disease.

Small whole potato seeding, can avoid knife transmission, and the vitality and drought resistance of small whole potato is strong, early and neat emergence after sowing, the number of buds per hole, the number of main stems and the number of tubers increases. Therefore, about 25 grams of robust small potatoes are used for seeding, which has a significant effect of disease prevention and yield increase. However, small potatoes generally have a short growth period, low maturity, long dormancy period, and premature aging in the later stage.

In cultivation, it is necessary to master the appropriate density, do a good germination treatment, increase potassium fertilizer, and cooperate with the corresponding nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer in order to give full play to the production potential of small potato seeds.

3.Germination: The seed potatoes are placed in layers with sand, with a thickness of about 3 or 4 layers, and kept at the optimal temperature of about 20 and often moist conditions, and the seed potatoes can germinate after about 10 days.

During germination, seed potatoes can be improved by soaking seeds in gibberellin solution or potassium permanganate solution for 10 to 15 minutes or 20 minutes with 2% thiourea.

Potatoes form a large number of stems, leaves, and tubers during the growing season, so they need more nutrients. Among the three elements of fertilizer, potassium is the most required, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus, and the application of sufficient basal fertilizer plays an important role in increasing potato yield.

The basal fertilizer of potatoes should be 3 5 or 2 3 of the total amount of fertilizer used. The base fertilizer is mainly composed of well-rotted manure and human and animal manure and other fertilizer machines, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Generally, 1000 1500 kg of fertilizer machine, 15 25 kg of superphosphate, and 100 150 kg of plant ash are applied per mu.

The basal fertilizer should be applied to the soil layer below 10 cm by forming furrows or digging holes, so as to facilitate plant absorption and loosening the potato layer. When sowing, 20 30 quintals of well-rotted human and animal manure per mu, or 5 8 kg of nitrogen fertilizer are used as seed fertilizer, so that the seedlings emerge quickly and neatly, and promote the healthy growth of seedlings.