Late planting rape skillfully fertilized, what should be paid attention to in fertilization?

It is best to choose compound fertilizer, to grasp the proportion of fertilizer, to apply organic fertilizer in time, to fertilize a small amount many times, to dilute the fertilizer appropriately, so that the seedlings will not be burned.

After fertilization, pay attention to the weather, temperature, and fertilizer amount, remember to water, and remember to spray pesticides, and pay attention to insect pests.

Hello. Cultivation techniques of rape flowers.

1. Variety selection.

Double-low rapeseed varieties with early maturity and late sowing tolerance, strong seed germination potential, good lodging resistance, long main inflorescence, compact plant type and strong disease resistance should be selected.

2. Daejeon preparation.

Immediately after the harvest of the previous stubble, the bottom fertilizer was applied and the "three furrows" were opened, and the seeds were sown immediately if there was moisture or rainy days. Ammonia nitrogen should be used carefully for bottom fertilizer to avoid burning buds and seedlings.

3. Seed treatment and sowing.

The suitable sowing date in the Yangtze River basin is September 20 and 30, and no later than mid-October. When sowing, each kilogram of seeds is fully mixed with sieved dry soil manure and 15 paclobutrazol (to prevent tall seedlings), and can be sown when there is no stagnant water in the field and no foot sink, and the kilogram of seeds per mu is generally used. If there is dry weather after sowing, ditch irrigation can be used to resist drought and promote the emergence of seedlings, but it is strictly forbidden to flood the furrow surface.

4. Chemical weeding.

According to the distribution of weed communities in the previous year, the weeding was done before sowing, before sowing, before seedlings, and at seedling stage.

5. Fertilizer management.

Adopt the principle of applying plantar fertilizer, looking at seedlings, applying seedling fertilizer, and applying sprout fertilizer early. 15 18 kg of pure nitrogen, 8 10 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 8 12 kg of potassium oxide and 1 kg of borax can be applied per mu. Phosphorus, potassium and boron fertilizers are used as base fertilizers.

50 nitrogen fertilizer as base fertilizer, wax fertilizer or early spring relay fertilizer accounted for 20, sprout fertilizer accounted for 30, so that the buds were applied (sprout height 3 5 cm). During the flowering period, it is recommended to use boron fertilizer to increase pollen germination.

6. Daejeon management.

When the direct seeding rape is 1 or 2 true leaves, the seedlings can be planted, and the small ones can be left to the large, and the miscellaneous ones can be left pure. Wangchang field should be chemically controlled with 30 50 grams of paclobutrazol per mu in mid to late November; If the leaf color turns yellow at the seedling stage and the new leaves are born slowly, it is necessary to apply 3 6 kg of urea per mu in combination with moisture to raise seedlings; Do a good job in drought resistance, stain prevention and pest control.

7. Harvest at the right time.

The best harvest is about 30 days after the final flowering of oilseed rape. It is advisable to harvest when there are 2 3 shorn fruits in the whole field that are yellow-green, the middle shorn fruit of the main axis is loquat color, and there are still 1 3 shorn fruits in the whole plant that are green. Harvesting of mechanically harvested plots should be delayed by 3 to 5 days.

The suitable harvest period of rape is short, so it is necessary to grasp the timing and seize the sunny day to harvest.

Rape flowers. Precautions.

The first is to determine the appropriate sowing amount according to soil fertility and water conditions. If the soil condition is poor, the sowing should be increased.

The second is to ensure the appropriate planting density.

The third is to check the seedlings in time, sparse and fill the gaps, sooner rather than later.

Fourth, ensure the smooth flow of the "three ditches" and do a good job in the prevention and control of sclerotinia sclerotinia at the flowering stage.

The rape cultivation method is as follows:

1. Select the variety. The selection of suitable varieties is the key to high yield of rapeseed, which requires varieties to have the characteristics of high yield, high quality "double low", high oil content, high resistance, lodging resistance, antibacterial sclerotinia resistance and so on.

2. Choose a good seedbed. Choose dry soil or vegetable garden soil with loose and fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, flat terrain, and no rapeseed planting for more than 2 years as seedbed. Seedbed area: The field area should be about 1:5.

3. Apply plantar fertilizer. Before sowing, the seedbed should be finely arranged, and the seedbed should be mixed and piled for 10 days according to the tons of rotted pig manure, 20 kg of ammonium carbonate, 25 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer, and 6 kg of potassium chloride.

4. Sow seeds at the right time. The sowing time is in early to mid-September, and each mu is mixed and evenly sown according to 1 kg of borax + fire soil ash + rape seeds. Before sowing, the furrow surface should be kept at a certain humidity, and it should be irrigated in time in case of dry weather, otherwise it will greatly affect the seedling emergence rate.

After sowing, cover with fire soil ash, and spray acetochlor on the surface of the chamber while it is wet to control weeds.

5. Timely seedlings. After the emergence of seedlings in the 1 leaf period seedlings 1 time, 3 leaves before the seedling, to remove small seedlings, weak seedlings, diseased seedlings, miscellaneous seedlings, to dense and thin, seedlings according to 70 to 100 plants is appropriate. After the seedlings are fixed, the seedbed is sprayed according to 30g paclobutrazol mixed with 50 kg of water per mu, which can cultivate dwarf and strong seedlings.

Pest control: At the seedling stage, it mainly controls pests such as cabbage insects, aphids, ape leaf insects, and ground tigers.

The fertilizer is made of organic fertilizer, and the weight ratio to the soil is 1:9, and it is watered once every twelve or three days, and it can be watered thoroughly.

We may only know when the rape flowers bloom, because the rape flowers can be regarded as a beautiful landscape, but we don't necessarily know when the rape flowers start to be planted. The block should be prepared before the winter to apply a good bottom fertilizer, after planting a small water, so as not to reduce the ground temperature more watering, and then can be planted on the surface of the bow pole, covered with film, speed up the seedlings, early market. Note that the film must be tightly pressed and compacted around it to prevent wind damage.

<> plants can be planted in rows with one row spacing but in cold spring areas, sowing can be done as late as May, and early varieties can be harvested in July. It is mainly distributed in the alpine areas where rapeseed cannot safely overwinter, or where the previous crop is too late to be harvested and planted before winter. Northern, western and northeastern China, as well as mainly distributed in Anhui, Henan, Sichuan and other places.

Canola is highly nutritious and high in vitamin C. Rapeseed generally grows in places with relatively humid climates, such as southern China. Rape also has many uses, such as rape flowers when they are not budding, but if it is reserved land in winter, the land is ploughed and fertilized in the first month.

Remove weeds and do a good job of pesticide control, and use carbon and ammonia compound fertilizer urea, deep construction and fertilization to do a good job of bottom fertilizer. The appropriate amount of organic fertilizer is necessary for the growth of spring rape. In the northern, western and northeastern parts of China, as well as in the northern part of Europe, spring rapeseed is the main plant, so the productivity per plant is low.

The cultivated variety of spring rape generally belongs to the spring type. We may only know when the rape flowers bloom, because the rape flowers can be regarded as a beautiful landscape, but we don't necessarily know when the rape flowers start to be planted. Different regions have different temperatures and environments, so when planted, the seeds germinate.

In the spring drought, it should be sown with moisture or topping, generally in mid-April. Rapeseed grains are small, the ability to unearth is weak, and the land must be carefully prepared, and the ground must be carefully raked and leveled before sowing. At the same time, seeds with a high germination rate were selected and sown to a depth of 3 cm.

Skillful fertilization of rapeseed should be treated separately according to the appearance and growth of rapeseed. The seedlings are weak, the growth of the poor field should be applied as soon as possible, that is, when the height is about 50 cm, 15-20 quintals of human manure per mu, plus 5 kg of urea or 10-15 kg of 45% compound fertilizer, and the field with strong growth and dark green leaves, fertilizer should be postponed or applied less.

First of all, fertilizer should be applied at each stage of rapeseed growth, which can also play a good role in promoting growth, and can timely replenish oxygen to the soil, which can also make rape grow very vigorously at each stage.

In order to improve the ability of rapeseed to resist lodging, disease and stain resistance, potassium fertilizer has obvious effects, especially for potassium-deficient soils such as sandy fields and rice fields in spring, potassium fertilizer can receive obvious yield increase effects, and the seedlings are weak and the fields with poor growth should be reapplied as soon as possible, that is, when the height is about 50 cm, 15-20 quintals of human manure per mu are applied, and 10-15 kg of urea 5 kg or 45% compound fertilizer is added.

Rapeseed planting is the main source of extracting edible oil, all over the country are large-scale planting, and there are many variations, the key is Chinese cabbage type, cabbage type, general vegetable type, according to the climate and cold differences in various regions, the colder areas can be sown above 3 in the spring temperature, summer is not early autumn harvest, the warmer area is dominated by sowing in autumn 9 and October, seedlings for winter, harvested next summer, planting and sowing methods are different due to the type and local planting habits, there are dry seed sowing, Hole sowing and immediate sowing method, and seedling transplanting method (Chinese cabbage type, cabbage type).

Regardless of the kind of sowing method, the use of chemical fertilizer and the fertilizer in the camp is basically the same, a little management method, there will be a harvest, but to get a bumper harvest and high yield, it is true that we should master the fertilization technology and methods of rapeseed, and immediately, scientifically and reasonably provide rapeseed with different growth period nutrient requirements, promote normal growth and development, and lay a reasonable condition for rapeseed to get high yield. Rapeseed needs more fertilizer and good fertilizer tolerance, so the base fertilizer must be applied sufficiently, with more potassium content is dominated by high-quality agricultural fertilizer, and with each other with base fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

In the use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium organic fertilizers, rape needs 11 12kg of pure nitrogen, 6 pure phosphorus and 8 10kg of pure potassium in 1 mu during the whole growth period. Rapeseed seedling stage. Generally from January to 1 and a half months, the digested and absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at this stage account for about % of the whole growth period, and the demand for various nutrients is not much, but it is the most basic growth link.

Seedling stage in the field.

Generally, the seedling period of rape planted above the moon and in the live broadcast room is around the month. At this stage, the digested and absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium respectively account for % of the intake of the whole growth period, and this period is a long link period of rapeseed growth period, which is the stage when more fertilizer is needed and indispensable for immediate supply.

Rapeseed moss extraction stage. From the budding stage of rape to the beginning of flowering, it is about 1 month long, which is the stage when the most nitrogen and potassium are digested and absorbed during the whole growth period, accounting for about 40% each.

Fifth, five into five, digestion and absorption of phosphorus accounted for about twenty percent. Therefore, rapeseed fertilization should be based on the characteristics of the need for organic fertilizer at different stages of rapeseed and the fertilizer supply status of the soil layer, so as to ensure high yield and income generation of rapeseed.

Rapeseed fertilization technology: 1. Promote stability before and after fertilization in the early stage; 2. Foliar fertilizer should be used to avoid the morning pollination period during the flowering period; 3. Fertilization at pod stage Foliar spraying of 2 3% aqueous solution of superphosphate.

The growth of temperature plants must have a suitable growth temperature, and it is planted in greenhouses, the main purpose is to produce out-of-season vegetables ** or mechanized scale production, and then the production of organic vegetables (the role of greenhouses may be to prevent insect pests).

It is necessary to choose a small number of times for fertilization, and also to grasp the time of fertilization. To irrigate reasonably, it can be properly mixed with the soil.

Although boron fertilizer is a trace element, the effect of boron fertilizer is very obvious in areas where the soil is boron deficient or the soil boron content is low. At the seedling stage, boron has a large effect. A large number of practices have proved that the continuous boron deficiency at the seedling stage of rapeseed has a greater impact on the growth of rapeseed than that of boron deficiency in the middle and late stages. The earlier and longer the boron deficiency in the soil, the greater the loss caused by boron deficiency. Boron deficiency in the early stage, even if it is supplemented in the middle and late stages, it is difficult to recover the loss.

Boron deficiency can cause disease. In areas with low soil available boron content, oilseed rape often produces flowering and unseeding disease, resulting in a serious reduction in yield. Boron deficiency can reduce the oil content of rapeseed and deteriorate its quality.

Rapeseed sprout stage is the period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth at the same time, the plant rapidly pulls sprouts, grows branches, increases the leaf area, and differentiates a large number of flower buds, which is the period when more fertilizer is needed, and it is also the critical period of increasing branches and pods. Therefore, according to the application of base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer and growth, it is necessary to apply sprout fertilizer stably as appropriate. Base and seedling fertilizer is sufficient, the plant grows robustly, and can be applied less or no sprout fertilizer; If the base and seedling fertilizer are insufficient, the fertilizer should be applied as soon as possible if there is a tendency to defertilize.

Generally, 15-20 kg of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied per mu. The fertilization time is generally in the middle of sprouting, and the height of the sprout is 15-30 cm. However, if the growth is weak, fertilizer can be applied at the beginning of sprouting to avoid premature aging; The strong growth can be applied in the late stage of sprouting, when the sprout is 30-50 cm high, so as not to grow crazy and cause canopy.

If you want to make the rape seedlings planted particularly strong, you must learn to fertilize reasonably at this time, and make a particularly reasonable arrangement for the moisture of the soil, followed by planting the seedlings, and fertilizing within half a month, especially during the growth period.