Cabbage soft rot is very common, how to prevent and control cabbage soft rot?

Because the parts of the cabbage infected by the fungus are different, the pathological manifestations on the affected plants have different manifestations. Among them, the invasion from the petiole wound will cause the leaf to wilt and fall off; Invasion from the wound on the leaf edge will make the leaf edge of the cabbage scorched; The soft rot of Chinese cabbage that invades from the root and makes the cabbage heart leaves dry and membranous is formed by Owen bacteria, which is a bacterial disease. Soft rot is a devastating disease, a little careless, ineffective prevention and control, inappropriate prevention and control measures, will cause great economic losses, and even no harvest.

There are three types of soft rot in Chinese cabbage.

Chinese cabbage soft rot is a common disease of Chinese cabbage, which has a serious impact on the production of Chinese cabbage, so an in-depth understanding of Chinese cabbage soft rot is the primary prerequisite for prevention and control. To find out what is the cause of the phenomenon of soft rot in Chinese cabbage, we must first figure out what soft rot is, Chinese cabbage soft rot is caused by bacteria of the genus Euclideus, which is easy to breed between 4-36 and pH, and is easy to breed <> in the absence of oxygen

The soft rot of Chinese cabbage mostly occurs in the core stage of cabbage, and generally appears at the base of the petiole of the diseased plant, which is a water-soaked translucent lesion at the beginning, and gradually presents a light gray pathogen invaded by the petiole or the edge of the outer leaf, or the wound at the top of the leaf bulb, causing rot. The above three types of symptoms are under dry conditions, and the rotten diseased leaves gradually lose water and dry out after sun exposure, and are thin paper-like, clinging to the leaf bulbs. The rotten part of the disease emits a foul smell of hydrogen sulfide, which is an important feature of the disease, brown rot, sticky and slippery surface, depressed after dehydration, and white pus is flowed out, accompanied by a foul smell, and the outer leaves of the diseased plant cannot stand upright under the scorching sun in the early stage.

Soft bok rot, especially from the center of the leaf, is not easy to detect. If soft rot occurs from the heart before the Chinese cabbage is harvested, and the growers do not detect and pick it in time, then the disease will continue to occur during the storage period of the Chinese cabbage, causing the stored cabbage to rot. Especially after the occurrence of soft rot disease, it will affect both the quality and yield of cabbage.

Moreover, in addition to harming all cruciferous vegetables, Chinese cabbage soft rot can also harm dozens of vegetables and fruits such as lettuce, lettuce, carrots, and cucumbers.

If you want to control soft rot of cabbage, you should apply pesticides to the cabbage, so that pests and diseases cannot grow on the cabbage.

It is necessary to choose varieties of high-quality and disease-resistant seeds, and to apply fertilizer frequently, and pay attention to field management.

Spray pesticides. Because after my cabbage is sprayed with pesticides, the soft rot is gone, so I should spray pesticides to prevent it.

Diseased fields should not be cropped continuously, and can be rotated with beans, wheat and rice. Clean up the diseased residues in the field, intensively cultivate the land, expose the soil to the sun, and promote the decomposition of the diseased residues. Sow seeds in time, set seedlings at the right time, increase basal fertilizer, and top dressing in time.

Cultivated with high ridges, which is not easy to accumulate water, and the soil has sufficient oxygen, which is conducive to the formation of callus at the base of roots and petioles, and can reduce the infection of pathogens. The rainwater should be drained in time, and the diseased plants should be cleaned up in time and sprinkled with lime for disinfection. Disease-resistant varieties are generally susceptible to diseases in the white spot type, and the blue spot type has strong disease resistance, and the straight-barrel varieties with round and flat-headed varieties have strong disease resistance.

The occurrence of soft rot is affected by many external factors, and the pathogen is generally invaded by the wound of cabbage in the fields planted with continuous stubble and the fields with frequent underground pests. Plots with few buried pests are less likely to have a mild disease. In the cultivation of new cabbage, due to the use of organic fertilizer that is not fully decomposed, there are many pests and diseases, and the disease is serious, especially after heavy rain and irrigation water.

With the formation of the community of Chinese cabbage soft rot pathogens, it will be harmful to the planting of Chinese cabbage for a long time. The prevention and control of soft rot of green vegetables should be mainly controlled. The prevention and control of cabbage soft rot, the selection of disease-resistant varieties and cabbage-resistant varieties, and the use of seed coating agents are one of the most effective measures to directly reduce economic losses.

Chinese cabbage cannot be planted with continuous heavy cropping, and the incidence of soft rot is much higher than that of cabbage cultivated in rotation. For Chinese cabbage that has developed soft rot, it is necessary to clean it up in time and disinfect it with lime to prevent the spread of germs, and eliminate underground pests in time to reduce the damage to cabbage due to insects. Planted on the plot that can be watered by drought and drained by waterlogging, the watering of cabbage should be watered with small water and frequent watering.

The application of organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed. Unrotted organic fertilizer contains a large number of pathogenic bacteria, insect eggs, etc., and at the same time, in the process of slow fermentation of organic fertilizer, it produces a foul smell, which is an important signal to attract adult pests to lay eggs. Increasing organic fertilizer can improve the disease resistance of Chinese cabbage, which is conducive to the high quality and high yield of Chinese cabbage.

Choose disease-resistant varieties, sow in a timely manner, high temperature and high humidity are easy to induce soft rot, sowing can not be too early, as well as the prevention and control of vector pests, in the initial stage of cabbage soft rot or in the late stage of Chinese cabbage rosette to the early stage of balling with drugs.

Insecticides need to be used in a timely manner, fungicides should also be used in a timely manner, and we must pay attention to reasonable dense planting, we must pay attention to the appropriate amount of watering and watering time, and we must pay attention to the time of use when using pesticides.

Clean the garden before planting, and choose disease-resistant varieties for scientific planting. In the early stage of the disease, neophytomycin was used with occultamine acetate and chlorothalonil for spray control.

This is caused by the reason for the bacterial infection, a loss of general situation will not be carried out crop rotation will produce such a situation, we must pay attention to the condition of the soil, pay attention to the disinfection work, must choose the right varieties for planting, timely spraying pesticides, choose the right fertilizer.

It is very likely that the drainage of this soil is not particularly good, it may be caused by more watering, it may be that the temperature is relatively high, or it may be because the humidity is relatively large, and then we must do a good job of drainage at this time.

This is a fungal disease, which can be prevented and treated with carbendazim, and generally spraying 2 to 3 times has a significant effect.

People usually grow some vegetables in their backyard or garden, and delicious bok choy has become one of their first choices. Chinese cabbage can be divided into autumn and winter cabbage, Chinese cabbage and summer cabbage, etc., and different regions have different planting methods. However, the soft rot of cabbage is common everywhere, so how should we prevent and control this disease in the planting process?

Cabbage soft rot Cabbage soft rot is caused by the bacteria to which Bacillus ouli belongs, which is easy to proliferate between 4 and 36 degrees, and is also easy to breed in the absence of oxygen. Soft rot of bok choy generally shows symptoms at the base of the petiole of the diseased plant, and at first there will be water-soaked translucent lesions. After a long time, it will rot, and the rotten liquid will gradually lose water and dry up after long-term sun exposure, and the rotten place will also emit the foul smell of zinc sulfide in the later stage.

How to prevent and control soft rot First of all, we can choose disease-resistant plots for crop rotation planting cabbage, fundamentally and effectively prevent and control soft rot, if there are symptoms of soft rot during planting, it is necessary to use chloramphenicol or streptomycin to control the disease in time. It is also possible to choose 77% killable or 50% dysen spray 3 4 times, and alternate spraying every 7 10 days. If soft rot appears on the roots of Chinese cabbage, it can be controlled by spraying the roots with a mixture of agricultural streptomyces and Runkella.

Nutritional value of bok choy bok choy is rich in protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrates and acidic pectin. Therefore, at the same time, bok choy is also the vegetable that is most rich in minerals and vitamins. Compared with Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage contains twice as much calcium, about three times as much vitamin C, and as much as 74 times more carotene.

Long-term consumption of bok choy can not only provide nutrients for our body and strengthen the body. It can also maintain the elasticity of our blood vessels to moisturize the skin, delay the aging of the human body, and the bok choy can also form a hyaluronic acid inhibitor in the human body, which has an effective anti-cancer effect.

This disease is generally caused by infection with germs and can be prevented with carbendazim.

Pesticides. Because the harm of soft rot is very large, and pesticides can be very good for soft rot, pesticides should be used to prevent and control it.

First of all, when planting, we must choose the soil is more fertile and broad land, and in the process of fertilization, we must choose farmhouse fertilizer, do not use the fertilizer bought outside, but also often water more, to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases, if there is a situation of small insects, then we must spray insecticides in time.

Cabbage soft rot is an important disease on Chinese cabbage, which occurs in all planting areas of the country, and the harm is serious, seriously affecting the yield and eating quality, in addition to harming cruciferous vegetables, the disease also often causes soft rot of potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, onions, cucumbers, lettuce, celery and other vegetables. Pathogenic bacteria are mainly left in the soil with diseased and disabled tissues to live in saprophytics. <>

Diseased soil, diseased fertilizer, diseased tissues left in the cellar (in northern regions), susceptible hosts in the field, infected insects (such as cabbage flies, etc.), and even transport vehicles and agricultural tools with pathogens can become the initial infection of the disease**. The pathogen is transmitted by wind and rain, irrigation water and insect activities (jumping beetles, diamondback moths, cabbage worms, etc.) and invades from wounds to cause disease. The pectinase produced by the fungus can decompose the mesocolloidal layer of the host cell, causing tissue disintegration and soft rot symptoms. It can also break down the proteins of the host tissue, forming hydrogen sulfide and emitting a foul odor.

Cabbage soft rot is harmful in the fields from spring to autumn. Its occurrence is related to the number of pests in the field, the number of wounds caused by humans or nature, and black rot. The wound of cabbage is mainly divided into natural tears, insect wounds, disease scars and mechanical injuries, among which the natural cracks on the petiole are mostly longitudinal cracks, which is the main way for the disease to invade.

Before sowing or transplanting, or after harvesting, remove weeds in and around the field, and concentrate on burning or managing; Deep ploughing of the ground to eliminate stubble, promote the decomposition of diseased residues, reduce pathogens and insect pathogens; Timely and early sowing, early transplanting, early seedlings, early soil cultivation, early fertilization, timely soil cultivation, cultivation of strong seedlings and diseased fields to avoid continuous cropping, and change to beans, wheat, rice and other crops. Remove diseased residues in the field, finely plough the land, expose the soil to the sun, and promote the decomposition of diseased residues. Sow seeds at the right time to avoid encountering the susceptible stage of the ball-wrapping period caused by early sowing and the rainy season.

Avoid planting cabbage on low-lying clay soil, do not flood irrigation, drain water in time after rain, reduce soil moisture, and cultivate high ridges in rainy areas. <

This symptom is contagious, and in severe cases, it will affect the yield and eating quality, and it often causes soft rot of potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, onions, cucumbers, lettuce, celery and other vegetables. That's why it attracts people's attention.

In the early stage of cabbage soft rot, the disease is not obvious, but the outer leaves of the plant will wilt and droop when the trancipation is vigorous at noon, and it can still return to normal growth in the morning and evening, but soon the base shows rot, and the marrow from the base of the leaf ball to the outside of the rhizome becomes gray-brown viscous, smelly and black, resulting in the loss of edible value of the whole cabbage.

It will cause serious problems with the leaves of the bok choy, which will cause the leaves of the bok choy to wilt, die, and rot, seriously affect the growth of the bok choy and affect the yield of the bok choy.

During the planting period, if one or several plants are found in the field that are confirmed to be root rot, the method of isolation should be adopted in time to control the spread of root rot, and the diseased plants found should be uprooted and burned in time, and the diseased plants should be disinfected in time. Before or at the beginning of the disease, irrigating roots or flushing with microbial agents can inhibit harmful pathogens in the soil, promote crop root health, plant robustness, and increase yield.

Prevention and control methods: adopt the principle of comprehensive prevention and control, and give priority to prevention. Here's how:

1. Implement crop rotation. Where conditions permit, it is advisable to use water and dry wheels. Do not apply diseased organic fertilizers. It is necessary to turn the sun and whiten it deeply to control the ** of germs.

2. Choose a plot with high terrain, loose soil and good drainage to plant Chinese cabbage, and shorten the ridge length to prevent water accumulation in the field after sowing.

3. Reasonable irrigation and fertilization, so that the plantar fertilizer is applied, and the top dressing is carried out in time to make the seedlings grow vigorously and enhance the ability to resist diseases.

4. Timely uprooting of diseased plants, uprooting diseased plants can reduce the source of bacteria and prevent the spread of bacteria. In particular, it should be checked and treated in time before irrigation. The cavity is sprinkled with lime for sterilization.

5. Pay attention to the prevention and control of pests: timely control of pests, such as yellow-striped jumping beetle, cabbage worm, diamondback moth, cabbage armyworm, etc.; Avoid causing wounds to prevent germs from entering.

6. Choose disease-resistant varieties, and generally Qingbang varieties and hybrid generations have strong disease resistance.

7. Pharmaceutical prevention and control.

8. As much as possible, choose the fields where the previous crops are barley, wheat, rice, and leguminous plants to plant Chinese cabbage, and avoid continuous cropping with Solanaceae and cruciferous vegetables.

Cabbage soft rot is a devastating disease in the production process of Chinese cabbage, once it occurs, it may cause a large harvest failure, which is extremely harmful, and often causes huge losses to farmers.

So what are the symptoms of cabbage soft rot? And how to prevent it? Let's take a look.

1. Symptoms.

The first part of the disease is the petiole and the apex of the petiole that are in contact with the ground, and the petiole is water-stained, and the outer leaves will lose water and wilt, and finally the whole plant will die.

In the later stages of growth, the disease spots appear in the form of water, the leaves are translucent and oil-papery, and finally the whole plant will soften and rot, giving off a foul odor.

When insect pests such as yellow-striped jumping beetles and sugarcane black crickets are severe, a large number of germs invade from the wounds, resulting in aggravation of the disease, and sometimes, softening and decay occur during transportation.

2. Pathogenesis.

It is caused by the pathogenic bacteria of the genus Owen and survives for a long time in the 20 degree and high humidity environment, and the colony should be formed as the center of the rhizosphere soil of the host plant for long-term survival.

It will first invade from the lower leaves of cabbage, petiole wounds and pest-eaten places in the lower leaves and petioles, and in windy weather, it will also blow fungus dust like a vegetable patch, and some plants will also start to develop diseases from the top.

Pathogenic bacteria often use surface water for sowing, and parasitic plants will multiply rapidly, and even after the soil is treated with air toxicity, the density of pathogens will immediately return to the original.

3. Prevention and control methods.

First of all, it is necessary to choose varieties that are suitable for the local climate and environment, and it is best to buy seeds in a formal manner; In the selection of planting sites, it is necessary to avoid the previous crop plots of the cruciferous family, and properly dry the field and disinfect the field before sowing.

The sowing time also depends on the variety and the local climate, generally the early varieties are planted in July-August, and the mid-late varieties are in August-September, and the sown seeds are best sterilized.

In the early stage, pay attention to the problem of pest control and sail grip to avoid mechanical loss of cabbage, which will cause opportunities for the invasion of germs.

In the early stage of soft rot disease to prevent and control in time, agricultural streptomycin can be sprayed for control, sprayed every week to ten days, 2 to 3 times in a row.