The difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

Essential differences: eukaryotic cells have a nucleus bounded by a nuclear membrane, while prokaryotic cells do not; Small difference: Prokaryotic cells have no organelles other than ribosomes.

The main difference is that there is no nuclear membrane as a boundary, eukaryotic cells are nuclei wrapped in a nuclear membrane, and prokaryotic cells do not. For example, fungi. Plant. Animal. It is a eukaryotic cell. Bacteria, cyanobacteria, mycoplasma, actinomycetes are prokaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic cells: plant cells, animal cells, fungi [yeasts, molds, mushrooms (macrofungi)].

Prokaryotic cells: Bacteria (all of them are bacteria with words such as "rod", "ball", and "spiral" that describe the shape of the high school), actinomycetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia, and cyanobacteria.

The full name of lactic acid bacteria is lactobacillus, which belongs to prokaryotic cells.

Summary. This is because the cell membranes of prokaryotes are multifunctional, so the protein content is higher than that of the average eukaryotic cell.

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This is because the cell membranes of prokaryotes are multifunctional, so the protein content is higher than that of the average eukaryotic cell.

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Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are one of the core test points in the college entrance examination biology exam, candidates should pay attention to it in the third year of high school, the following is the college entrance examination biological prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells related knowledge points, I hope it will help you.

1. Prokaryotic cells:

The cells are small, without a nuclear membrane, without a nucleolus, and without a formed nucleus; The region where the genetic material (a circular DNA molecule) is concentrated is called the nucleomimetry; There are no chromosomes, DNA does not bind to proteins,; Organelles have only ribosomes; There is a cell wall with a different composition than eukaryotic cells.

2. Eukaryotic cells:

The cells are larger, with a nuclear membrane, a nucleolus, and a true nucleus; There is a certain number of chromosomes (DNA combined with proteins); There are generally a variety of organelles.

3. Prokaryotes:

An organism made up of prokaryotic cells. For example, cyanobacteria, bacteria (such as nitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, Escherichia coli, pneumococcus), actinomycetes, mycoplasma, etc. are all prokaryotes.

4. Eukaryotes:

An organism made up of eukaryotic cells. Such as animals (paramecium, amoeba), plants, fungi (yeasts, molds, slime molds), etc.

1. Use mnemonics.

Psychology believes that memory is essentially the traces left in the human brain by perceived things, so it is more and deeper to perceive by multiple senses than to perceive with one sense alone. In daily learning, most students only know how to perceive with a single sense, either only with their eyes, or only read, or just handwritten, and rarely use a variety of organs together, so the effect of memorization is poor. To this end, we require students to mobilize multiple senses as much as possible in the process of memorization, coordinate memory, and achieve sighting, hearing, oral reading, handwriting, brain memorization, the most important of which is brain memorization, and do not be absent-minded.

2. Fragmentation of the whole memory method.

The basis of the whole mnemonic method is that the whole is composed of interrelated and inseparable elements and links. A book, a lesson, or a section can be seen as a whole, all of which are made up of several inseparable parts, and in order to grasp the knowledge to be mastered, it is necessary to break it down into pieces and memorize them step by step. The whole into zero memory method simplifies complex and complicated problems and strengthens the effect of memory.

3. Hierarchical memory method.

A lot of biological knowledge is layer-by-layer, which requires students to use the hierarchical memory method in the process of memorization, so that they can deeply understand and grasp the knowledge.

Fourth, comparative mnemonics.

It is the process of comparing the memorized knowledge to find out its similarities and differences, differences and connections.

5. Structural system memory method.

Connection: Both are the basic constituent units of living beings, and are identical in their constituent elements.

Difference: Size·· Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells and contain more protein.

Essential Differences··· Prokaryotic cells have no formed nucleus.

Cell wall··· The cell wall of eukaryotic cells is made up of cellulose and pectin, whereas the cell wall of prokaryotic cells is made up of peptidoglycan.

Cytoplasm··· Prokaryotic cells have only one organelle, ribosomes.

Nucleus··· Prokaryotic cells do not have a formed nucleus, DNA molecules exist in a certain area, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, only nucleoids... For example, bacteria, cyanobacteria, actinomycetes, mycoplasma, and chlamydia are all prokaryotic cells

1. Whether there is a nucleus of the nucleus.

Eukaryotes refer to the fact that their cells are eukaryotic, that is, the cells have fixed cavities touching the nucleus, and the outer part is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, such as plants, animals, and fungi (yeasts, molds) are eukaryotes; The cells of prokaryotes are prokaryotic cells, that is, there is no formed nucleus in the cell, and there is only one nuclear region that is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane, such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, actinomycetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia, ricketia, etc.

2. Cell wall composition.

Prokaryotic cells have only ribosomes, DNA morphology; The composition of the cell wall (with a cell wall), the prokaryotic is composed of peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides, and the eukaryotic is cellulose or pectin.

3. Different shapes.

Prokaryotes are generally ring-shaped, and eukaryotes are chain-shaped.