Research on techno economic evaluation method based on commercialization model

It is the introduction of market mechanisms into the investment and financing of infrastructure. Not all urban infrastructure projects can be commercialized, and it should be said that most infrastructure cannot be commercialized. It cannot be considered that the operation of infrastructure projects through market mechanisms is equivalent to a complete exit from the investment sector.

In the process of infrastructure marketization, ** will have to continue to invest a certain amount of money in infrastructure. For **, the investment in PPP projects is smaller than the investment in traditional methods, and the difference between the two is the benefits of PPP.

Eliminate cost overruns.

In the initial stage, the public sector and private enterprises participate in the project construction process such as identification, feasibility study, facilities and financing of the project, which ensures the technical and economic feasibility of the project, shortens the preliminary work cycle, and reduces the project cost. The PPP model can only begin to benefit the private sector when the project has been completed and approved for use, so the PPP model is conducive to improving efficiency and reducing the cost of the project, and can eliminate the risk of project completion and capital risk. The study shows that compared with the traditional financing model, PPP projects save an average of 17% of the cost for the first department, and the construction period can be completed on time.

Conversion of ** functions.

It is possible to get rid of the heavy workload and change from the provider of infrastructure public services in the past to a regulatory role, so as to ensure quality and reduce the pressure on the budget.

Diversification of investment entities.

The use of the private sector to provide assets and services can provide more capital and skills for the sector, and promote the reform of the investment and financing system. At the same time, private sector involvement in projects can also promote innovation in project design, construction, and facility management processes, improve efficiency, and disseminate best management concepts and experiences.

Provide high-quality services.

The private sector can learn from each other's strengths and give full play to the respective advantages of public and private institutions to make up for each other's shortcomings. Both parties can form mutually beneficial long-term goals and can provide high-quality services to the public at the most effective cost.

Form strategic alliances.

The integration of all parties involved in the project to form a strategic alliance plays a key role in coordinating the different interests of all parties.

Reasonable risk allocation.

Different from BOT and other models, PPP can achieve risk allocation at the early stage of the project, and at the same time, because of the sharing of a part of the risk, the risk allocation is more reasonable, reducing the risk of contractors and investors, thereby reducing the difficulty of financing and improving the possibility of successful project financing. **Share the risk while also having some control.

Wide range of applications.

This model breaks through the various restrictions of introducing private enterprises to participate in the organization of public infrastructure projects, and can be applied to various municipal utilities such as urban heating, roads, railways, airports, hospitals, schools, etc. 

The investment in infrastructure facilities is large, the return cycle is long, and the return is slow Infrastructure is closely related to local economic development Infrastructure facilities are in line with the characteristics of public goods.

Let's run an e-magazine, it's very difficult to distribute it on paper.

To make an electronic magazine, you only need to learn professional magazine production software, plus your own good planning, drafting, and typesetting. The online audience is also large.

At present, individuals are not allowed to set up magazines in China, and can only apply for the domestic general distribution rights and wholesale rights of magazines.

If you want to make a magazine, you can only find some magazines and use the contract cooperation method to carry out the operation of the second half of the monthly or ten-month magazine, but the editorial is still restricted by the magazine. This method is also not legal, but it works!

Wouldn't work any other way to start a magazine.

The development of new energy vehicles has become the focus of major car companies, BAIC has completed the combing of the Shenbao brand, BAIC's own main passenger cars will all belong to the "Shenbao" brand, Shenbao D70, D50 and D60 have been unveiled, Shenbao D20 and D80 models have also entered the Shenbao brand, new energy electric vehicles are also one of its key points.

At present, it depends on policy; In the end, it's all about technology. The technology has gone up, mass production has been achieved, the cost of batteries has been reduced, the car looks good, and more people have bought it. It's good to develop.

At present, it is necessary to develop, 1. Use more concepts to promote under the policy.

2. Develop more public transportation.

3. Plan the construction of charging facilities.

As long as you understand what renewable energy is, what is not renewable energy, new energy electric vehicles are electricity, fully charged can run, and now electricity is relatively cheap to oil, environmental protection, because the country in the world is vigorously promoting, you can imagine what the prospect of this is, but now to solve the problem of charging, at present, there are not many domestic charging pile companies that can provide fast charging technology. You can search for it online.

The WTO is mainly a guide to the international division of labor and the flow of funds, and without such a clause, even if there is, it is meaningless, the media is open, and even if foreign countries host radio stations in China, the profits generated are very small and basically meaningless.