How are trans fatty acids metabolized in the body?

Trans fatty acids are generally metabolized in the body for more than 59 days, and ordinary fats are metabolized in the body for about 6-9 days, which is also the reason why trans fatty acids are easy to accumulate in the body and are an important cause of cardiovascular diseases. Not consuming trans fatty acids is a sign of responsibility for yourself, your friends and your loved ones. Trans fatty acids do not exist much in nature, and only a small number of animal fats and fats contain a small amount of trans fatty acids.

According to foreign studies, the hydrogenation of oils and fats during processing. Trans fatty acids are produced, which may cause cardiovascular disease and be harmful to health. Milk marline and cyanide not only increase bad cholesterol, but also reduce the amount of good cholesterol, interfere with the metabolism of essential fatty acids, and may cause certain types of cancer.

In the manufacturing process of this substance, which is called milk marlin and puff pastry, vegetable oil undergoes hydrogenation, and a shallow exploration of the modern dietary concept 4 8 That is, unsaturated fatty acid molecules are added to hydrogen molecules, and cis fatty acids will become unnatural trans fatty acids, becoming solid or semi-solid substances. <>

1. Trans fatty acids can be used as energy as energy like cis, and will also be oxidized for energy; 2. Trans fatty acids do cause the level of VDL (very low-density lipoprotein) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein), and its accumulation in the body is due to the inability to synthesize other lipids in the body through the lipid synthesis pathway. What are trans fatty acids Trans fatty acids are a class of unsaturated fatty acids that contain double bonds of at least one trans structure. The ** of trans fatty acids is produced in the "hydrogenated oil" produced by the food industry and in the body of ruminants.

In the food industry, because the double bond of natural vegetable oil is a "cis" structure, this oil has poor antioxidant capacity and is unstable, and the vegetable oil is hydrogenated industrially, and in this process, part of the oil isomerization produces "trans" double bond. RANS 9-elaidic acid (T9-C18:1) is the main one.

Trans fatty acids are also present in ruminant fats and fats, as well as in milk, due to the hydrogenation of fatty acids by microorganisms in the ruminant rumen. Trans 11 vaccenic acid (T11-C18:1) is the main one, and there are also cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (C9, T11-CLA) and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (T10, C12-CLA).

Trans fatty acids increase the level of VDL LDL in the body, which can easily lead to cardiovascular disease, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, etc. Conjugated linoleic acid is also a trans fatty acid, but conjugated linoleic acid is different from other trans fatty acids, it has anti-cancer, lipid-lowering, anti-atherosclerosis and other functions.

The oxidation process of saturated fatty acids goes through four steps, namely dehydrogenation, water addition, rehydrogenation and sulfur hydrolysis. Since trans fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids, the -oxidation process of monounsaturated fatty acids will be discussed first. The double bonds of normal unsaturated fatty acids in the body are all cis, and when they are activated and oxidized, they form 3-cis-cestenoyl CoA, which needs to be catalyzed by cis-3-trans-2 isomerase to produce 2-trans-sterenoyl Coa for further reaction.

2-transenoyl CoA is produced after adding water to form D--hydroxysphatidyl CoA, which needs to be catalyzed by the epimerase of -hydroxysphatidyl Coa to convert it from D-configuration to L-configuration for further deoxidation reaction (only L-hydroxysphaloyl CoA can be used as a substrate for -hydroxysphaloyl-Coa dehydrogenase). <

Eat less processed foods and fry less

Specifically, look at packaged foods[Nutrition Facts - Trans Fatty Acids] is 0,Or do not buy products with "hydrogenated vegetable oil, partially hydrogenated vegetable oil, hydrogenated fat, and partially hydrogenated fat" on the "ingredient list", and choose less products with "margarine, margarine, margarine, margarine, margarine, margarine, margarine, creamer, creamer, cocoa butter, shortening, etc."

What are the trans fatty acids?

The most ** is industrial hydrogenation, which is produced by givingVegetable oil hydrogenation makes the liquid solidThe industrial production process of forming a "partially hydrogenated" oil, that isOrdinary vegetable oils do not contain any trans fatty acids, but inDuring hydrogenationtrans fatty acids are produced.

Food is stir-fried during the cooking processThe oil temperature is too high and too longSmall amounts of trans fatty acids are also produced. The World Health Organization (WHO) said that trans fatty acids are not good for health, and the most harmful fats are trans fats.

Intake is limited to total energy intake1% or less, that isNo more than grams in a diet of 2000 kilocalories per day

AgainstWhat are the fatty acids?

Trans fatty acids are mainly found in:Processed foods, a total of empty chops account for daily intake。Among them, the vegetable oil used is the highest, accounting for about, such as plant-based margarine cake, milk tea with non-dairy creamer, etc. Others like pizza, burgers, biscuits, fritters, bread, puffed food, chocolate, etc. also contain trans fatty acids.

The main reason is that some hydrogenated oil is the raw material of many foods, including margarine, vegetable shortening, margarine and so on. In addition to key processed foods, natural foods such as milk tea account for about one

Others include: instant noodles, snacks, frozen food, puffed food, chocolate, candy, instant coffee, frozen products, poultry products, other solid beverages, milk tea, toffee, moon cakes, sauces, etc. Dog's head].

When vegetable oil is partially hydrogenated, the structure of some fatty acids will change from cis to trans. In fact, trans fatty acids are also naturally found in meat and dairy products. Trans fatty acids are thought to raise blood cholesterol in the same way as saturated fats.

But there is still not enough evidence that trans fatty acids cause health harm.

At present, the nutritional content on food labels is only saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids, and there is no trans fatty acid content. But with a simple calculation, it can be calculated; After deducting the three fatty acids from the total fat content, the remaining amount is the amount of trans fatty acids in one tablespoon of oil, which is mainly found in fried instant foods (e.g. chips, fried chicken, fish cubes), puff pastry pies, sweet dumplings, biscuits and margarine.

If you want to reduce the intake of trans fatty acids, you need to eat less snacks (snacks are basically added), and eat more foods that promote metabolism and detoxification.

Promote bowel movement Smooth stool can promote the elimination of margarine, and drinking 250 ml of yogurt at breakfast has a better effect on promoting bowel movement. In addition, eating more fiber-rich foods, such as brown rice, vegetables, fruits, etc., can also increase intestinal peristalsis and keep stools smooth.

Drink plenty of water and don't hold your urine Drinking enough water can promote kidney metabolism and flush more margarine out of the body. Drink 500 ml of boiled water on an empty stomach every morning, 400 ml each at 10 a.m., 4 p.m. and at night, and do not replace boiled water with sweet drinks. If you often hold urine, the metabolite trans oleic acid of vegetable butter in the urine can not be excreted from the body in time, which will not only destroy the glomerular filter membrane, but also antagonize insulin activity, induce or aggravate diabetes, so it is best to develop the habit of urinating once every 2 hours.

Offal** Margarine is easily deposited in the fatty tissues of the human internal organs and causes long-term damage to the organs. Pay attention to the offal**, and the margarine will be reduced. The best way to walk briskly for more than 40 minutes a day, to exert force in the abdomen when walking, in addition, you can eat less and more meals, eat 5-6 times a day, compared with three meals a day, can increase the metabolic rate by more than 2 times.