How do you isolate cellulase producing microorganisms in soil?

Soil sample crushing, sterile water suspension, low-speed centrifugation to take the supernatant, gradient dilution, plate coating, single colony liquid culture, and draw a line on the plate culture (if the colony is relatively single, it can be omitted), pick a single colony culture on the cellulose plate with a square, pick the colony liquid culture of the hydrolysis circle, use the filter paper strip to identify the hydrolysis ability, make a growth curve, and optimize the culture conditions. If you want to do identification, you need to look at the morphology, physical and chemical properties of the colony, and do the ...... of the evolutionary tree by 16s sequencingThere are huge microbial resources in nature, which are scattered in all corners of the earth, and the microorganisms that survive in different environments have completely different metabolic ways and can decompose and utilize different substrates. This characteristic provides a material basis for the diversity of microbial enzyme varieties.

Especially when genetically engineered.

When intervening, plant and animal cells.

Almost all of the enzymes present in the microbial cells are able to be obtained using microbial cells. Therefore, a planned and careful screening of microbial strains often leads to the acquisition of appropriate strains capable of producing almost any enzyme. The development of these two major types of resources, soil and seawater, is of great significance.

We can screen the corresponding enzyme-producing microorganisms from the soil and decaying wood, and screen various sugars and lipids that can produce decomposition from the sewage.

Protein, cellulose, lignin.

Cyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic substances, organophosphorus pesticides, cyanide.

and some synthetic polymerases of microorganisms. In extreme environments, thermophilic microorganisms, basophilic microorganisms, halophilic microorganisms, acidophilic microorganisms, high-pressure resistant microorganisms, etc., can be screened, and extremophilic enzyme varieties can be developed. Since the beginning of the 21st century, countries have invested huge financial and scientific research resources in bioindustry research.

With the increasingly serious problems of energy, resources and environment, the utilization of biological resources has been widely valued around the world and has become a strategic research focus of all countries in the world. In nature, cellulose is the cheapest and most abundant type of renewable resources, and it is the basic substance on which human society depends. The world's plant production is as high as 150 billion tons of dry matter per year, of which more than 50 per cent is cellulose and hemicellulose.

The use of biological enzyme catalytic technology can convert crops, trees and other plants and their residues, livestock and poultry manure, organic waste and other biomass into industrial raw materials, so as to achieve the purpose of rational and recyclable natural biological resources. Some fungi of Basidiomycotina), Hymenomycetes, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycets and Ascomycotina all have strong ability to produce cellulase and laccase, which have attracted much attention in the field of biochemical industry. Among them, white rot fungi, brown rot fungi and soft rot fungi are the main fungi that degrade wood in nature.

Over the past 30 years, research on white rot has focused on lignin.

degradation of enzymes; Research on soft rot bacteria focuses on cellulose-degrading enzymes. The research on brown rot mainly focuses on the mechanism of lignocellulose degradation. <>

Enzyme-producing fungi, basidiomycetes, ascomycetes and semi-known bacteria are the main strains that produce cellulase and laccase, although the enzymes and substrates produced by different bacteria are different, and the purpose of use is also different, but the purpose of the enzymes produced by them is the same to serve humans, that is, to improve the utilization rate of existing resources in nature. At present, the enzyme-producing microorganisms that have been studied are: Basidiomycetes xanthalosporum piloderma, Dermatoderma covelvetensis, Coriolus tricolora, Pulsus tricolora, Anchomyces anchovy, P. pralis, Clonomyx vermilion, Hemothrombos, Polypore, Polypore, Lamina laminata, Dermatoderma leopard, Leatherium hemidetorum, Dense sticky folds, Poria sulfuri, Poria cocos.

Recumbent fungus, Ganoderma lucidum, honey ring fungus.

Bisporus mushroom, Mushroom from Spore Mushroom, Grey Cover Ghost Umbrella, Enoki Mushroom, Oyster Mushroom, Brown Ear Mushroom, Tea Mushroom.

Jieli shiitake mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms. <>

The narrative of the isolation and application of cellulase-producing bacteria is unreasonable

a Colonies grown on isolated plates need to be further determined for cellulase production.

b Cellulase-producing bacteria can be screened by sampling from humus-rich understory soils.

c. The selection medium should contain a large amount of sucrose or starch to provide growth nutrients.

d Fermentation of crop straw scales with cellulase-producing bacteria can improve their feed value.

The answer is c. <>

Isolation and screening of enzyme-producing microorganisms:

Start by identifying the target microorganism you want to screen for and design a "sieve". Take, for example, the screening of cellulase-producing bacteria.

Start by looking for environments where these microorganisms may be present, such as dead leaves and humus in the Minna forest. Samples are taken, taken back to the lab, and first expanded culture. It is to culture and multiply all microorganisms in the sample. Generally, a whole nutrient medium is used.

After diluting the culture medium by different folds, plate single cell culture is done, and then a "sieve" is used.

For cellulase-producing bacteria, soluble cellulose can be used for sieves. When plate culture, use soluble cellulose as the only carbon source, and the microorganisms that do not produce cellulase cannot grow (or grow very weakly), select the microorganisms that grow well, and then expand the culture, and then use the medium of the only carbon source of cellulose for screening, and select the growth advantage colonies, and repeat the above steps (you can select a few more for comparison and selection).

After a few times, cellulose powder (insoluble) was used as the only carbon source medium, and the larger the amount of cellulase production and the higher the activity, the larger the diameter of the transparent circle produced. In this way, it is possible to further screen the strains with high enzyme production and activity.

How to quickly and efficiently isolate cellulase-producing bacillus from + soil?

First of all, you have to separate and purify your sample, that is, dilute the soil suspension with sterile water, then coat the plate, pick a single colony to purify and expand the culture after the colony grows, and then inoculate the purified single strain into the plate medium with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the only carbon source for screening, and the microorganisms that can use sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are microorganisms that can produce vibrator cellulase to degrade cellulose.

Only cellulose and other necessities such as inorganic salts, water, and growth factors can be added to the medium, or only microorganisms that can produce cellulase can be used to form colonies, because only it can hydrolyze cellulose into glucose and utilize it. There are many microorganisms that can break down cellulose. There are both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms; There are bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi.

Aerobic fibrophilatic bacteria: Fibrous spp. and Spore-Cellularus spp. are common aerobic cellulolytic bacteria in soil. Polycystic spp., Sickle spp., and Vibrio fibrosus spp.

Many actinomycetes are able to break down cellulose.

Only cellulose and some other essential substances such as inorganic salts, water, and growth factors can be added to the culture medium, or only microorganisms that can produce cellulase can form colonies, because only it can hydrolyze cellulose into grape sugar and use it to change. There are many microorganisms that can break down cellulose. There are both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms; There are bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi in the rough book.

Aerobic cellulolytic bacteria: Fibrous spp. and Sporeus fibrous spp. are common aerobic cellulolytic bacteria found in soil. Polycystic spp., Sickle spp., and Vibrio fibrosus spp.

Many actinomycetes are able to break down cellulose.

Summary. Extension: No, enzymes and microorganisms in the soil are not the same.

Enzymes and microorganisms are two different types of biological components in soil, and they have different functions and roles in soil. Enzymes are a type of biological catalyst that is a protein molecule produced by organisms such as microorganisms, plants, and animals. Enzymes have the role of catalyzing and accelerating chemical reactions in soil.

They can promote the decomposition of organic matter, nutrient transformation and recycling processes in the soil, such as the decomposition of organic matter, the conversion of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur, and the decomposition of pesticides and pollutants. Whereas, microorganisms are a class of organisms in the soil, including bacteria, fungi, and protists. Microorganisms play a very important role in soil, and they are a key component in the soil ecosystem.

Microorganisms are involved in soil organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling, antibiomass production, nitrogen fixation, control of plant pathogens, and soil structure formation. Microorganisms can break down organic matter and convert it into nutrients that plants can use, while forming a symbiotic relationship with plant roots to provide the nutrients plants need.

Extension: No, enzymes and microorganisms in the soil are not the same. Enzymes and microorganisms are two different types of biological components in soil, and they have different functions and roles in soil redistribution.

An enzyme is a biocatalyst that is a protein molecule produced by organisms such as microorganisms, nucleos, plants, and animals. Enzymes have the role of catalyzing and accelerating chemical reactions in soil. They can promote the decomposition of organic matter, nutrient transformation and recycling processes in the soil, such as the decomposition of organic matter, the conversion of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur, and the decomposition of pesticides and pollutants.

Whereas, microorganisms are a class of organisms in the soil, including bacteria, fungi, and protists. Microorganisms play a very important role in soil, and they are a key component in the soil ecosystem. Microorganisms are involved in soil organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling, antibiomass production, nitrogen fixation, control of plant disease and soil structure.

Microorganisms can break down organic matter and convert it into nutrients that plants can use, while forming a symbiotic relationship with plant roots to provide the nutrients plants need.

Explanation: Although enzymes and microorganisms have different functions and roles in soil, there are close interactions and relationships between them. Microorganisms can produce and secrete pinzymes, which provide the substrates and conditions necessary for the survival of microorganisms.

Microorganisms break down organic matter into usable nutrients through the action of enzymes, and at the same time divide the obscure secretase to obtain the required energy and nutrients. Therefore, enzymes and microorganisms are interdependent and mutually reinforcing in the soil, and jointly participate in the ecological function and manufacturing process of the soil.