The harm of papermaking to the soil, the impact of papermaking on the environment

Environmental pollution and hazards of papermaking.

The paper industry is an industry with large output, large water use and serious pollution; Water pollution is among the best in a variety of industries; Pollution such as exhaust gas, solid waste and noise is also serious.

If the wastewater of the paper industry is discharged into the river without treatment, it will consume the oxygen in the water due to the fermentation, oxidation and decomposition of organic matter, and cause the lack of oxygen to death of fish, shellfish and other aquatic organisms; Some fine fibers are suspended in the water, which is easy to clog the gills of fish and cause fish death; The bark chips, wood chips, grass clippings, rotting weeds, and putrid slurry in the wastewater sink to the bottom of the water, silting up the riverbed, and constantly producing toxic odors in the slow fermentation; There are also some substances in the wastewater that are not easy to ferment and decompose, which are suspended in the water, absorb light, reduce sunlight penetrating into the river water, and hinder the photosynthesis of aquatic plants; In addition, wastewater also contains some carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic toxic and harmful substances.

In short, the papermaking wastewater makes the river water turbid and black, foul smell, aquatic weeds do not grow, fish and shrimp are extinguished, mosquitoes and flies are overgrown, maggots are everywhere, which seriously threatens the health of coastal residents, causes dysentery, enteritis, scabies and other diseases to prevail, and is also not conducive to farmland irrigation and drinking water for people and livestock.

Some solid wastes discharged by the paper industry, such as rotting slurry, pulp residue, bark, wood chips, grass roots, coal ash slag, etc., occupy the site, ferment and deteriorate, release odors, and when it rains, toxic and odorous water also flows out, polluting surface water and underground water sources. The exhaust gases and soot generated by the coal burning of the boiler and the noise of machinery during the production process also affect the health of workers and nearby residents.

Papermaking is divided into raw wood pulp or plant orange stem papermaking, recycled paper papermaking, etc., please add the questions clearly.

The growth history of the paper industry and its impact on the environment and ecology.

The main thing is wastewater pollution. It's still quite serious.

Papermaking endangers forest resources, and then causes barren mountains and bald mountains, and the wastewater produced by papermaking pollutes rivers and soils, which indirectly endangers human health!

Destruction of the ecological environment.

The requirements for timber are high and the amount is large, so it is necessary to cut down more wood, which destroys the vegetation.

In addition, a large amount of sewage will be generated, and after being discharged into the river, it will cause serious pollution to the water quality.

There are three main wastes, namely waste water, waste gas, and waste residue, all of which have an impact on the environment.

Wastewater pollution: water quality not only contains a large number of heavy metals, microorganisms and bacteria, corrosive acids and alkalis, but also contains harmful substances such as phosphorus and sulfur. If it is discharged into rivers without treatment, it will cause fish and other aquatic organisms, plant death, and the resulting odor will deteriorate water resources, pollute the environment, affect the growth of crops, and form a vicious circle.

When it enters the body, inflammation is produced. If the eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the wastewater are consumed by humans, they will cause digestive tract infectious diseases and even death. In particular, the farmers who sell vegetables in the vicinity do not understand the situation, and wash vegetables at the mouth of the sewer, you can imagine how great the harm is!

Therefore, we call for great attention to the wastewater discharged from printing and dyeing factories to remove harmful substances through proven methods. The amount of wastewater and the pollution load should be kept to a minimum.

Exhaust gas pollution: acid rain.

Sulfur dioxide exhaust gas is one of the main pollutants in the atmosphere, and the sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere will be oxidized to sulfur trioxide, and when there is water vapor, sulfur trioxide is easy to form sulfuric acid mist and sulfate mist.

Waste residue pollution: 1. Industrial waste residue is a natural resource, and it is necessary to find ways to use it to open up new raw materials and reduce environmental pollution. All waste slags that have comprehensive utilization experience, such as blast furnace slag, steel slag, fly ash, sulfur iron slag, calcium carbide slag, red mud, white mud, coal washing slime, silicon-manganese slag, chromium slag, etc., must be included in the process design, capital construction and product production plan, and the implementation of "one industry-based, multiple operations", shall not be discarded arbitrarily.

2. The waste residue dumping site should occupy as little farmland as possible, not occupy fertile land, and take measures to prevent dispersion and loss to prevent pollution to the atmosphere, water source and soil. In the local urban construction, the health department demarcated the health protection area, shall not set up waste residue dumping sites.

3. Waste residues containing mercury, cadmium, arsenic, hexavalent chromium, lead, cyanide, yellow phosphorus and other soluble and highly toxic waste residues must be specially set up with waterproof and anti-seepage measures, and it is forbidden to bury them in the ground and discharge them into surface water bodies.

Pollution and prevention of paper industry.

The wastewater, waste gas, waste residue, toxic substances and noise produced in the production of the paper industry can cause serious pollution to the environment, and it has become an important part of the paper industry to control, prevent or eliminate them, so that the surrounding environment is not affected or less. The paper industry is the most serious water pollution, with large water use and drainage (generally more than 300 tons of water per ton of pulp and paper), high organic matter content in wastewater, high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS), and toxic substances, color and odor, endangering the normal growth of aquatic organisms, affecting the water and environmental landscape of industry, agriculture and animal husbandry and residents. Over the years, suspended solids can silt up riverbed ports and produce toxic odors of hydrogen sulfide, which can be harmful in a far-reaching way.

Pollution source: The main process of the paper industry is material preparation, pulping, alkali **, bleaching, papermaking, etc. Dust, bark, wood chips, and grass dust are generated during the preparation of raw materials; Pulping and alkali **, bleaching process produces waste gas, dust, wastewater, lime slag, etc.; The white water produced during the papermaking process contains contaminants.

The pollution of the paper industry to the environment can be divided into three categories: water pollution, air pollution and solid waste pollution.

Solid waste: there are putrid slurry, slurry, tree bark, wood chips, grass, grass roots, grass powder, silica white mud, lime slag, pyrite slag, coal ash slag, etc., which encroach on the site and pollute the water body and underground water source by leaching out the turbid water. Noise pollution is also a major problem in the paper industry.

Pollution prevention and control can be divided into two categories: on-site harmless treatment and off-site wastewater treatment.

Let's talk about it separately here:

1. Hazards of papermaking:

Papermaking uses wood, excessive deforestation causes serious consequences such as land desertification, and papermaking also produces serious water pollution and soil pollution, which comes from the papermaking process

1) Cooking waste.

Function: Separation of fiber and lignin....

Characteristics: 1 3 about inorganic matter, for a variety of sodium salt, of which the sio2 content in the black liquor of straw pulp is very high, 2 3 about organic matter, the main components are alkali lignin, fatty acids and resin acid. It contains a large amount of caustic soda.

Its BOD is about 9000 30000mg L, accounting for 90% of the BOD load in the whole field. It is called "black liquor" because of its black color.

2) Washing wastewater.

Function: Remove the cooking liquid remaining in the slurry after extraction.

Features: The washing section requires a large amount of water, and the wastewater is brown, containing black liquor components and suspended fibrous substances. The amount and concentration of wastewater depends on the washing equipment.

3) Screening of wastewater.

Function: Remove relatively large non-fibrous solid impurities in the slurry, and wash out the residual black liquor in the slurry at the same time.

Characteristics: Non-fibrous solids and residual black liquor.

4) Bleaching wastewater.

Function: Bleaching pulp such as hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, etc., and dissolving lignin remaining in fibers.

Features: Recyclable or used for pulp washing. The main component of the wastewater in this section is organochloride, which is mostly highly toxic.

5) Paper machine wastewater.

Function: Paper machine papermaking.

Features: The wastewater in this section is also known as white water, and the pollutants are mainly fibers, fillers, raw materials, auxiliary chemicals and chemical additives, and its pollutant content is not high, the BOD is low, and it can be reused after proper treatment.

2. Paper pollution:

If the waste paper is disposed of by landfill, it is also difficult to degrade, which will cause pollution of the land, and the harmful substances in the paper will invade the land, causing a large number of crops and plants to die.

It is mainly water pollution, but also boiler flue gas, general solid waste, equipment noise, etc.

Wastewater is mainly pulping wastewater and paper machine white water generated in the process of pulping and papermaking, generally paper machine white water is reused into production and is not discharged, and pulping wastewater, especially waste paper decolorization pulping wastewater pollution is the most serious, color, COD and other pollution is higher, must be treated after the standard discharge, otherwise the water body will change color and smell.

The impact of the modern paper industry on water pollution is very large. Since papermaking requires a lot of water, if the water is not treated well, it will cause water pollution. Therefore, modern papermaking attaches great importance to water treatment, and now there are perfect water treatment measures to ensure that the pollution of the water environment is controlled within the permissible range.

This will also significantly reduce the cost of papermaking.

The main ones are water pollution, which is derived from groundwater pollution, and evolved into local soil pollution. The exhaust gas emitted is also solid waste. In general, a paper mill is a heavily polluting enterprise. When thinking about geography, we should think about it in a holistic and connected way, and look at it comprehensively.

Polluting water sources, the atmosphere. Destruction of the local environment,

Dust = air pollution, water pollution.

Paper trees are not poisonous, and the claim that they are poisonous is not based on science. Higher requirements for water and fertilizer will affect the soil. Absorbs a large amount of water and fertilizer from the surrounding area, causing the soil to be poor.

Eucalyptus has a faint fragrance, itself is non-toxic, due to the rapid growth, many park greening construction and wood processing plants have a greater demand for this. As a fast-growing tree, eucalyptus itself has high requirements for water and fertilizer, and if this aspect is not guaranteed, it is easy to cause a greater burden on soil fertility.

Toxic, especially polluting groundwater. People who drink underground water (well water) or mountain spring water there for a long time can be chronically poisoned. Prolonged prolonged use in pregnant women can cause fetal malformations.