Thunder is caused by the vibration of an object

The high temperature generated by the discharge ionizes the surrounding air and produces extremely strong high pressure, causing the air to rapidly diffuse in all directions, disturbing the surrounding air to vibrate and make sound. You can imagine the sound of a car tire being exposed to the sun and then the air expands and then the tire bursts, yes, it is the high temperature of lightning that acts as a rapid heating of the air, causing the air to vibrate violently and make a sound.

Thunder travels through the air.

It is the collision between the clouds that produces the convection of the air to form vibrations, and the positive and negative ions produced in the clouds, forming electricity!

Any sound propagation is a certain medium, and thunder can only be transmitted with the help of air. But the sound of lightning itself is due to the collision of positive and negative charges to produce a huge amount of energy, part of which is converted into sound energy.

People usually call the clouds where lightning occurs thunderstorm clouds, in fact, there are several kinds of clouds that are related to lightning, such as stratocumulus clouds, Nimbostratus clouds, cumulonimbus clouds, cumulonimbus clouds, and the most important thing is cumulonimbus clouds.

During the formation of cumulonimbus clouds, positive and negative charges accumulate in different parts of the cloud under the simultaneous action of the atmospheric electric field, the electrostatic effect of temperature difference and the electroelectric effect of fragmentation. When the charge accumulates to a certain extent, it will discharge between clouds or between clouds and ground, which is commonly referred to as this"Lightning"。

So how is lightning formed? Thunder and lightning are meteorologically known as thunderstorms. The cumulonimbus clouds that form thunderstorms are high and dense, and there are often a large number of ice crystals at the top of the clouds, and the vertical thermal convection in the clouds is vigorous, and the phenomenon of electricity and discharge (lightning) is constantly occurring, and the mechanism is very complex.

During the discharge process, the temperature of the air on the lightning channel rises sharply, the water droplets in the air vaporize and expand, and even the phenomenon of ionization occurs, and the air expands rapidly in a short period of time, resulting in a shock wave that causes a strong thunder (thunder). As the charges in the clouds cause an induced charge on the ground, a "flash channel" is formed between the base of the cloud and the ground. When charge accumulation and other conditions (such as protruding buildings, isolated chimneys, and people in the open field, etc.) are present, lightning strikes occur that occur on the ground, i.e., lightning strikes, resulting in lightning disasters.

The physics teacher just said, hehe, it's the air pull!!

As soon as summer comes, it is often encountered such a situation: the morning is sunny and hot, unbearable, but after the afternoon, the sky immediately changes, not only the dark clouds, and the lightning and thunder constantly, people who live in the mountains must feel deeply, like peanuts as big raindrops plus a gust of wind blowing, people can not hide, umbrella is useless at all, sometimes in the suburbs accidentally even will be struck by lightning, quite dangerous, in the end lightning and thunder how to form it?

In fact, most of the lightning strikes twice, the first blow is an invisible charged air, all the way down to the ground, or from the ground to the air, it is like a pioneer, leading the way for the second lightning, when the first lightning strikes down the moment, a return current will jump up along the road opened before, so there is a visible lightning, so the visible lightning is the second blow.

This counter-current has an electric core, and it is surrounded by a ring of hot air like a tube that traps it, and due to the friction, this layer of hot air glows and expands, and lightning is seen almost immediately when it happens, but the thunder always comes later, because the speed of the sound is 340m s

The speed of light is 300,000 kms, and the speed of light is much faster than the speed of sound, so it is always because the lightning is seen first and then the thunder is heard, and it is not because the eyes are in front; The reason why the ears grow in the back.

The clouds in the air rub against each other, producing a large number of heterogeneous charges, so that millions of volts of voltage will be generated between clouds and between clouds and the earth, and the voltage is enough to penetrate the air and produce dozens of them.

Ten thousand amperes of electric current, the air is heated, violently expands, and makes a loud noise, which is thunder and lightning.

How are lightning and thunder formed?

1. When it rains, some of the clouds in the sky are positive and some are negative. When two clouds collide, lightning strikes, and at the same time emits a lot of heat, heating and expanding the surrounding air. The air that is heated and expanded in an instant will push the surrounding air, causing a strong **-type vibration, which is thunder.

2. Thunder and lightning is a majestic and somewhat intimidating discharge phenomenon accompanied by lightning and thunder. Thunder and lightning are generally generated in cumulonimbus clouds with strong convection, so they are often accompanied by strong gusts of wind and heavy rain, and sometimes hail and tornadoes. The top of the cumulonimbus cloud is generally high, up to 20 km, and the upper part of the cloud often has ice crystals.

Processes such as the attachment of ice crystals, the breaking of water droplets, and the convection of air cause electric charges to be generated in the clouds. The distribution of charges in the cloud is more complex, but in general, the upper part of the cloud is dominated by positive charges and the lower part is dominated by negative charges. As a result, a potential difference is formed between the upper and lower parts of the cloud.

When the potential difference reaches a certain level, an electric discharge will be generated, which is our common lightning phenomenon. The average current of lightning is 30,000 amps, and the maximum current can reach 300,000 amps.

Seconds after the lightning strikes, the shock wave evolves into a sound wave, which is what we hear as thunder.

Along with the lightning came the rumbling of thunder. As it sounds, thunder can be divided into many kinds. The thunder that is as fast and powerful as ** is called "explosive thunder"; There is also a kind of thunder that lasts for a long time, a bit like the sound made when grinding, called "pulling thunder".

The so-called explosion of thunder is generally the sound made by the clouds at the moment of ionization of the ground. In this case, the observer hears thunder almost immediately after seeing the lightning; Sometimes thunder is heard at the same time as the lightning. Because of its high energy, the ** wave it produces is very fast, so it sounds like **.