Find out the reasons for the formation of the world s major mountain ranges peaks .

A long time ago, the continental plates separated, and some of the plates collided and squeezed to form large and small mountains, such as Mount Everest.

Once the stratum is squeezed, the plastic stratum is more likely to produce folds (the main appearance of the rigid stratum is fracture), on the plane, the two wing strata will show the phenomenon of repetition, so it is called folds, the two wings tend to be opposite, the dip angle is equivalent, if the dip angle is too different, but also add an oblique or other name of the fold. China is located in the southeast of the Eurasian plate, sandwiched by the Indian plate and the Pacific plate. Since the Early Tertiary period, various plates have collided with each other, which has had an important impact on the pattern and evolution of modern geomorphology in China.

Since the Eocene, the Indian plate has subducted northward, producing a strong north-south compressive force, resulting in the rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the formation of the Himalayas, a tectonic movement called the Himalayan movement. The Himalayan movement is divided into two phases, early Himalayan movement, and a strong collision between the Indian plate and the Asian continent along the suture line of the Brahmaputra River. The Himalayan trough closed and folded into land, merging the Indian continent with the Asian continent.

At the same time, the eastern edge of Chinese mainland began to enter the marginal sea-island development stage due to the opening of the eastern Chinese plate and the sinking of the ocean basin. Of particular importance is the Late Himalayan movement that occurred in the Pliocene-Pleistocene. Under the interaction of the three major plates of the Eurasian plate, the Pacific plate and the Indian plate, there is a strong differential upward and downward movement, and there is a large-scale differentiation of the national topography.

The intensity of differential movement changes from weak to strong from east to west. Due to the continuous expansion of the Indian Ocean, the rigid Indian plate is pushed along the suture line of the Brahmaputra River to subduct and squeeze the southern margin of the Asian continent, causing the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau to be greatly lifted. This strong squeezing force of the Indian plate, which subducts under the Eurasian plate at a small dip angle, continues to be strong to the north, and encounters the resistance of the rigid block with a long history of consolidation (Tarim, China, and Yangtze) in the north, resulting in a strong reaction force, which makes the tectonic force highly concentrated, causing the overlap of the earth's crust, the strengthening of the material movement of the upper mantle and the intensification of the deep and surface tectonic movements, resulting in a sharp thickening of the earth's crust and a large area of the earth's surface, thus forming the majestic Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The first step that constitutes the topography of our country.

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Once the stratum is squeezed, the plastic stratum is more likely to produce folds (the main appearance of the rigid stratum is fracture), on the plane, the two wing strata will show the phenomenon of repetition, so it is called folds, the two wings tend to be opposite, the dip angle is equivalent, if the dip angle is too different, but also add an oblique or other name of the fold.

The peaks are spired, mainly due to erosion by flowing water, wind transport, etc. First of all, the geological internal force causes the rock to be extruded, deformed and lifted to form a large mountain range, and the top of the mountain is relatively flat at this time. Due to the erosion of precipitation and the cutting of rivers, this mountain range is divided into different hills, and it is generally the top of the mountain that is most weathered and eroded, forming the spire mountain.

The Pacific Rim mountain range.

It is mainly a huge north-south mountain system, including the Cordillera-Andes mountain system in the Americas, the Rocky Mountains, the Alaska Mountains, the Pacific Coast Mountains of Asia and Australia, and the island arc mountains of Japan and the Philippines.

The mountain systems in North America are generally 1,500 to 3,000 meters above sea level, with the highest peak McKinley reaching 6,193 meters; Most of the mountain systems in South America are above 3,000 meters above sea level, among which Mount Aconcagua is 6,964 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak in South and North America.

1. Pacific Rim Mountain Range; predominantly the Atlas mountain system; It is further divided into: the Rocky Mountains and the Andes.

2. The mountain range belt that traverses the southern part of the Asian continent and the northwest of Africa, mainly: the Himalayas, the Alps and the Atlas Mountains.

(1) As can be seen from the figure, there are two major mountain ranges in the world: one is the Pacific Rim Rim mountain range; The second is the mountain range belt that traverses the southern part of the Eurasian continent and northwest Africa

2) e is the longest mountain range in the world, the Andes, to the east of which there is the Amazon, the largest plain in the world

3) c is the most majestic mountain range in the world, the Himalayas, and the Tibetan Plateau, the highest plateau in the world, is located in the north of the mountain range

So the answer is: 1) Pacific Rim; Asia and Europe; Africa;

2) Andean; Amazonas;

3) Himalayas; Qinghai-Tibet

The highest and majestic mountain range in the world is the Hima Sully Laya Mountains, the main peak of the Himalayas, Mount Everest, with an altitude of meters, is the highest mountain in the world, known as the "top of the earth".

So the answer is: the Himalayas; Mount Everest

The world's longest mountain is the Andes Mountains, located in South America, close to the Pacific Ocean, from Trinidad in the Caribbean Sea in the north to Tierra del Fuego in the south, with a length of nearly 9,000 kilometers

So the answer is: Mount Everest; Andes