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1 Solid wastes generally refer to solid and semi-solid materials discarded in production and living activities. It includes solid particulate matter that is labored out of waste water and exhaust gas.
2 Solid waste** for human production and consumption activities. In the process of resource development and product manufacturing, people will inevitably produce waste, and any product will become waste after use and consumption.
3 Classification of solid waste According to its chemical properties, it can be divided into organic waste and inorganic waste; According to its hazard status, it can be divided into hazardous waste and general waste; According to its shape, it can be divided into solid and semi-solid; According to its **, it can be divided into mining waste, industrial waste, municipal waste, agricultural waste and radioactive waste.
4 Solid waste is toxic, flammable, corrosive, reactive, infectious, radioactive.
5 Solid waste can pollute water bodies. In many countries, solid waste is dumped directly into rivers, lakes, oceans, or even disposed of by the ocean. Solid waste into the water body not only reduces the area of rivers and lakes, but also affects the survival of aquatic organisms and the utilization of water resources.
Solid waste piling or landfill treatment, soaked in rainwater, the harmful components contained in the exudate grade filtrate will change the soil quality and soil structure, affect microbial activities, hinder the growth of plant roots, or accumulate in the plant collective, and harm the use.
The fine particles and dust in the solid ash are blown by the wind and sun, producing dust and polluting the surrounding atmospheric environment. Many minutes of solid waste itself or in combustion are able to emit gas and odors, deteriorating the environment.
The solid waste dumping process also encroaches on a large amount of land.
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Effective means to solve the problem of solid waste pollution include the following:
1.Garbage sorting: Sorting garbage can greatly reduce the total amount of garbage, reduce the cost of garbage disposal and landfill, and allow for better and reuse of resources.
2.Waste incineration and landfilling: Waste incineration and landfill are currently the most commonly used disposal methods in the world. Landfills must strictly adhere to environmental standards to avoid polluting groundwater and soil.
3.Medical waste disposal: Medical waste must be treated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Hazardous waste must be disposed of by specialized treatment institutions, and non-hazardous pathogen waste must be disposed of as medical waste.
4.**Utilization: Some of the waste can be utilized. For example, waste appliances, scrap metal, waste paper, waste rubber, etc. can be reused through treatment, crushing, and purification.
5.Strengthen the prudent management of environmental supervision: ** and environmental protection departments should strengthen environmental supervision of enterprises and individuals. The violators will be cracked down on by law, and all kinds of pollution behaviors will be regulated to ensure environmental quality and safety.
6.Advocate environmental awareness: improve the quality of citizens, reduce the occurrence of pollution from the source, and enhance people's attention to environmental protection awareness through environmental protection publicity, education and science popularization. So that everyone understands their responsibilities and better participates in environmental protection actions.
The above are just some effective means to solve the problem of solid waste pollution, and the specific measures should be based on the actual situation.
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Dear, we are happy to answer for you: The treatment method that does not meet the requirements of solid waste management is A: The principle of solid waste pollutant prevention and control:
Reduction, recycling, harmlessness. 1. The types of solid waste in the pretreatment method are complex, the size, shape, state and nature are very different, and they generally need to be treated, and there are three commonly used pretreatment technologies: (1).
Compaction. Use physical means to improve the degree of aggregation of solid waste, reduce its volume, so as to facilitate the subsequent bending and wide treatment of transportation, and the main equipment is a compactor; (2).Broken.
Mechanically destroy the internal polymerization force of solid waste, reduce particle size, and provide suitable solid particle size for subsequent treatments; (3).Sorting. Depending on the material properties of solid waste, valuable and hazardous components are separated before the final burial process, and "waste utilization" is realized.
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The methods of solid waste treatment include sorting treatment, compaction treatment, incineration treatment, pyrolysis treatment, solid residue resistance treatment, and crushing treatment. Solid waste treatment refers to the process of turning solid waste into suitable for transportation, utilization, storage or final disposal through physical, chemical, biological, physicochemical and biochemical methods.
General solid waste is called general solid waste, which includes domestic garbage, general industrial solid waste, etc., and is solid waste other than hazardous waste and medical waste.
Sorting treatment is a kind of solid waste pretreatment method, which needs to classify Gukai Wang waste, and separate the useful and harmful ones for further treatment.
There are many methods for solid waste crushing, generally impact crushing, shear crushing, extrusion crushing, friction crushing, etc., in addition to proprietary low-temperature crushing and hybrid crushing.
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The treatment methods of general solid waste mainly include compaction treatment, finch imitation incineration treatment, pyrolysis treatment, biological treatment, pile of fiber storage treatment, landfill treatment, photolysis treatment, biological reaction treatment, etc.
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Solid waste. Treatment methods and main measures for the reuse of solid waste resources.
Solid waste is basically the liquid waste that can not be discharged into the water body and the gaseous waste in the container that can not be discharged into the atmosphere in our daily life, manufacturing, consumption, circulation and other activities.
Solid waste** is used in many links of human activities, including some links in the production process and life process.
The main environmental protection technologies for solid waste treatment are as follows:
Pre-treatment of solid waste:
Solid waste pretreatment means that before the solid waste is used and finally treated, it is usually necessary to carry out pretreatment to facilitate the next stage of treatment. Physical Disposal of Solid Waste:
The physical treatment of solid waste means the use of the physical and physicochemical properties of solid waste.
From this, useful or hazardous substances are sorted or separated.
Chemical treatment of solid waste:
Chemical treatment of solid waste means that solid waste is chemically converted, using useful substances and energy.
Biological treatment of solid waste:
Biological treatment of solid waste is mainly to use the efficacy of microorganisms to treat solid waste. The principle is the use of microbial biochemistry.
Efficacy, which breaks down intricate organic matter into simple substances and converts toxic substances into non-toxic substances. For example, biogas fermentation and anaerobic fermentation, which are more common, belong to biological treatment methods.
Final Disposal of Solid Waste:
The week of solid waste is to deal with hazardous solid waste that has no use value, and the final disposal methods include incineration, landfill, marine disposal, etc. Solid waste is still needed to be harmless in landfills and oceans.
Specific measures for the utilization of solid waste:
Improving production technology and reducing waste generation: Iron ore is lifted in the beneficiation process, for example.
The grade zone can reduce the amount of slag and coke that can be added, thereby reducing the emission of blast furnace slag. After using this method in places where industrial production is more advanced, the emission of blast furnace slag is known as the ratio of fiber.
Originally, it could be reduced by about half.
Promote the material recycling process: promote the solid waste recycling process, so that the waste from the production and manufacturing of the first enterprise product becomes the raw material of the second enterprise product, and the waste from the production and manufacturing of the second enterprise product becomes the raw material for the production and manufacturing of the third enterprise product, etc., and finally only a little waste is discharged into the environmental protection, so that the economic, environmental protection and social benefits can be obtained.
Inclusion of solid waste in the scope of resource management: Formulate a strategic approach to the recycling of solid waste and a policy to strongly encourage the use of solid waste. Establish a standard system for the recycling of solid waste, store the waste that cannot be used temporarily, and include the waste with clear use in the resource allocation plan.
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Solid waste treatment units are not allowed to sell solid waste without treatment, and it must not be sold, which is illegal. Article 80 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste, units engaged in the collection, storage, utilization and disposal of hazardous wastes shall apply for a license in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State. The specific management measures for the license shall be formulated by ***.
It is forbidden to engage in business activities of hazardous waste collection, storage, utilization and disposal without a license or in accordance with the provisions of the license. It is forbidden to provide or entrust hazardous wastes to units without a license or other producers and operators to engage in collection, storage, utilization and disposal activities. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued three mandatory national standards for "solid waste, hazardous waste, and medical waste", Article 112 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste, and if one of the following acts is committed in violation of the provisions of this law, the department of ecological environment shall order corrections, impose fines, and confiscate illegal gains; If the circumstances are serious, it may be ordered to suspend business or close down upon approval by the people** who have the right to approve
(4) Providing or entrusting hazardous wastes to unlicensed units or other producers and operators to engage in business activities. Where there is conduct in item (4) of the preceding paragraph, a fine of between three and five times the required disposal costs is to be given, and where the required disposal costs are less than 200,000 RMB, it is to be calculated as 200,000 RMB. Article 120 of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes", where any of the following conduct is committed in violation of the provisions of this Law, but does not constitute a crime, the public security organs are to detain the legally-designated representatives, principal responsible persons, directly responsible managers and other responsible personnel for between 10 and 15 days; where the circumstances are more minor, they are to be detained for between 5 and 10 days
3) Entrusting hazardous wastes to unlicensed units or other producers and operators for stacking, utilization, and disposal; (D) without a license or not in accordance with the provisions of the permit to engage in the collection, storage, utilization, disposal of hazardous waste business activities.
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Solid waste refers to the solid and semi-solid waste materials generated by human beings in production, consumption, life and other activities, the full name of solid waste, and generally speaking, it refers to garbage.
Solid waste refers to the solid, semi-solid, and gaseous articles and substances placed in containers that have lost their original utilization value or have not lost their utilization value but have been discarded or abandoned in the process of production, life and other activities, as well as articles and substances that are included in waste management according to laws and administrative regulations. Liquid wastes that cannot be discharged into water bodies and gaseous substances placed in containers that cannot be discharged into the atmosphere. Due to the greater hazard, it is generally classified into the solid waste management system.
According to the Announcement on Matters Concerning the Comprehensive Ban on the Import of Solid Waste (Announcement No. 53 of 2020) issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Commerce, and the General Administration of Customs, from January 1, 2021, China will prohibit the import of solid waste in any way, and prohibit the dumping, stacking, and disposal of solid waste outside China.
Solid waste recycling:
The resource nature of solid waste is manifested in the fact that solid waste is the product of resource development and utilization, and solid waste itself has a certain resource value. Solid waste only becomes solid waste under certain conditions, and when the conditions change, solid waste may regain its use value and become raw materials, fuels or consumer goods for production, so it has certain resource value and economic value.
The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Solid Waste.
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