How to derive an OD matrix from a vehicle OD survey

First, divide the traffic area, and then synthesize the traffic volume of a community: the traffic volume of the community is accumulated from all the OD tables in the corresponding traffic travel set of the community. Specifically, the formula of OD synthesis generation (attraction) method is adopted.

Each accumulation process solves the synthesis of traffic volume generated (attracted) by traffic in one cell and other cells, and after all cells have carried out such an accumulation process, the synthesis of the OD table of the project impact area is completed.

According to the vehicle od survey, you can know where the motor vehicle comes from, if the survey scope is large enough, the sampling is reasonable, you can get the travel od of the motor vehicle, the vehicle departure community and the arrival community statistics are the OD matrix of motor vehicle travel, if the number of motor vehicles and the number of trips can be approximated to calculate the travel matrix of the motor vehicle, if not strictly required, the travel matrix of the residents can be calculated in proportion.

OD thrust reversal does not need to set the intersection flow, just add the road section to observe the traffic volume.

The traffic start and end point survey is also known as the OD traffic volume survey, and the OD traffic volume refers to the traffic volume between the start and end points. "o"** in English origin, indicating the departure point of the line, and "d"** in English destination, indicating the destination of the line.

OD findings are usually represented in a two-dimensional**, called OD tables, also known as OD matrices.

A: Urban transportation demand generally includes passenger flow demand** and motor vehicle demand**. Passenger flow can be divided into residents' travel needs and floating population.

Travel**, hub travel**. Motor vehicles can be divided into small cars, large and medium-sized buses, trucks, motorcycles and other travel according to the accuracy of the first class.

The first steps of residents' travel demand are roughly divided into four stages: traffic generation, traffic distribution, traffic mode division, and traffic flow distribution.

Demand**Step 1: Traffic generation.

Traffic generation is mainly to determine the traffic attraction of each traffic area. First of all, the total population during the planning period, according to the nature of land use, the size of the main test residential land is apportioned to each community. After obtaining the number of jobs based on the number of residents in each community, the traffic generation attraction is divided into work-from-home (HBW), homeschool-based (HBS), and flexible travel (ELA) according to the travel purpose, and the traffic generation of the three types of travel purposes is combined to obtain the total traffic generation (i.e., P and A).

Demand **Step 2: Traffic distribution.

After obtaining the p and a of each cell, the traffic distribution is carried out to obtain the travel od matrix, and there are many traffic distribution methods, such as frator, gravity model, etc. This step first needs the distance matrix of each community, which can be completed in the preliminary work of demand, and can also use empirical values, and the selection of gravity model parameters is crucial, and the average travel distance can be obtained according to the generated OD matrix and the distance matrix, and the average travel distance can be used as the control index to investigate, so that the residents can travel within a reasonable travel range.

Demand**Step 3: Divide the mode of transportation.

The mode division mainly considers the distance of the new distance and the travel utility between each community, and the methods of mode division mainly include the logit model and the distance-travel probability model. These models can also be combined, and the determination of model parameters can be determined according to the data or empirical values of the relevant cities, so that the model can be adapted to the city, and finally the proportion of each travel mode will be controlled as the main index.

Demand**Step 4: Traffic flow allocation.

Traffic flow allocation is the final step in traffic volume**. A road network and travel OD distance array are required. The travel OD distance array is mainly the motor vehicle OD distance array, and then it is distributed in the road network, and the main methods are all-or-nothing, user equalization, random user equalization and other methods.

Public transportation is an important way to solve urban traffic problems by using less road resources and less urban space, transporting most of the passenger flow in the city. By the end of 2006, Jinan City has a total of 149 operating lines, the length of the line is kilometers, the daily pick-up and drop-off passengers reached more than 1.78 million person-times, and the task of urban passenger transport has been better completed, but there are still problems such as insufficient capacity and long waiting time for passengers. The recorded data of passenger travel by bus is the basic data of urban bus planning and operation scheduling.

Timely and accurately obtain the spatio-temporal distribution of citizens' demand for public transport system, so that the public transport operating unit can maximize the use of existing resources to meet the public's demand for rides.

Network analysis is an important function of GIS spatial analysis. There are two types of networks: one is the road (transportation) network; One is the physical network (e.g., rivers, drainage pipes, electricity networks).

This experiment mainly involves road network analysis, and the main contents include: Best route analysis, e.g. finding the best route to connect the two places.

Analysis of recent service facilities, e.g. directing the nearest ambulance to the accident site. Service area analysis, such as:

Determine the service area of a public facility (hospital). Through the study of this internship, the following objectives should be achieved: Deepen the understanding of the basic principles and methods of network analysis; Proficient in the technical methods of road network analysis under ArcGIS.

Combined with the actual situation, master the ability to use network analysis methods to solve geospatial analysis problems.

According to the OD (Origin-Destination) to calculate the number of people getting on and off the train at each station, the following steps are required for nuclear noise:

1.Calculate the number of people getting on and off the train at each station: take **1 as an example, take the diagonal line as the dividing line, the upper right of the diagonal line is the upward data, and the lower left of the diagonal line is the downward data.

Sum each row of data in the upper right corner of the slash to obtain the number of people boarding at each station in the upstream; The data in the upper right corner of the slash is searched and summed in each column to obtain the number of people who get off at each station in the upstream. By analogy, the sum of each row at the bottom left of the diagonal line obliquely obtains the number of people getting on the train at each station of the downward line, and the sum of each column gets the number of people getting off the train at each station of the downward line.

2.Calculate the maximum cross-sectional passenger flow of the peak hour section: Equation (2) can be used to calculate the cross-sectional passenger flow of each section during the peak hour.

For example, in the upward direction, the passenger flow of the section of section 1-B is the number of people boarding at station A - the number of people getting off at station A, that is, 13282-0=13282 (people). The passenger flow of section 2-C is the passenger flow of section A-B + (the number of people getting on the bus at station B - the number of people getting off at station B) = 13282 + 4792-115 = 17959 (people). The passenger flow of the 3-D section is the passenger flow of the B-C section + (the number of people boarding at station C - the number of people getting off at station C) = 17959 + 3946-888 = 21017 (people).

The same method is used to calculate the passenger flow of each section in each section, as shown in Table 2. According to the calculation of the above table, the maximum uplink passenger flow is 21,017 people in the C-D section, and the maximum downlink passenger flow is 20,366 people in the C-D section. According to equation (1), the passenger flow imbalance system 1= is calculated, which shows that the passenger flow of the upward section and the passenger flow of the downward section are basically balanced, and is used as a reference factor for the formulation of the train operation organization plan.

Comparing the passenger flow of the uplink and downlink sections, the maximum cross-sectional passenger flow between stations, that is, the cross-sectional passenger flow of the uplink C-D section, is 21,017 people, which is the largest cross-sectional passenger flow in this period.

Passenger flow definition: the number of passengers who pass through a certain section of the line in a certain direction within a certain period of time, combined with your example, the time is one day, and the direction is to get on or off the bus, which is the number of people who get on or off the bus in a day, in short, the number of people who buy tickets.

Passenger flow = up on the bus + down on the stupid stool = +=

Passenger flow = upbound drop-off + down-down drop-off =

1) Starting point to station A, the number of people on the train: 18, station A to station B, the number of people on the car: 18 + 15-3 = 30, station B to station C, the number of people on the train, 30 + 12-4 = 38, station C to station D, the number of people on the car, 38 + 7-10 = 35, knowing the rock core.

From station D to the end point, 35 + 5-11 = 29, so there are still 29 people who get off the train at the end of the road;

2) From the calculation of (1), it can be seen that the bus has the largest number of passengers on the bus between station B and station C, which is 38 people;

3) (18+30+38+35+29) yuan