What are the prevention and control methods of eggplant solar greenhouse, physiological diseases in

Physiological disorders. Excess and insufficiency of soil nutrients can cause physiological disorders and affect the normal growth of eggplant. 1.

Nitrogen deficiency. The leaves become pale, the old leaves are yellow, dry, fall off when heavy, the buds stop developing, turn yellow, and the heart leaves become smaller. The main reasons are:

low soil nitrogen content; High soil moisture content affects the conversion of available nitrogen. Nitrogen fertilizer application is uneven. Prevention and control methods:

Avoid stagnant water and apply more high-quality farm fertilizer as base fertilizer. Nitrogen deficiency should be supplemented with ammonium nitrate, urea and other available nitrogen fertilizers in time. 2.

Phosphorus deficiency. The stems are slender, the fibers are well developed, the germination differentiation and fruiting period are prolonged, the leaves are smaller, the color is darker, and the veins are red. The main reasons are:

The soil is highly acidic, and the phosphorus is fixed by iron and magnesium and cannot be absorbed; Low ground temperature, high soil moisture, and excessive nitrogen fertilizer application hindered the uptake of phosphorus by eggplant.

Control method: apply diammonium, superphosphate and other phosphate fertilizers as base fertilizers. Phosphorus deficiency is found during cultivation, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate or superphosphate solution is sprayed on the leaves.

3.Potassium deficiency. In the early stage, the heart leaves become smaller, grow slowly, and the leaf color becomes lighter.

In the later stage, the veins turn green, yellowish-white patches appear, and the leaf tips and margins gradually dry up. The main reasons are: low soil potassium content and insufficient potassium fertilizer use; Low ground temperature, insufficient light, and high soil moisture hinder potassium uptake by eggplants.

Prevention and control methods: apply more organic fertilizer as base fertilizer to prevent soil water accumulation, timely tillage to improve ground temperature; uncover the thatch on time; When potassium deficiency is detected, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and plant ash are applied directly to the soil, or foliar sprays are applied with a solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10% plant ash leach.

4.Calcium deficiency. The growing point of the plant is slowly deformed, the leaf margins of the young leaves are green, and the reticulated veins of the leaves turn into brown, rust-colored leaves.

Growing eggplant in soil where vegetables have been grown for many years can cause calcium deficiency, or drought can hinder the absorption of calcium by eggplant. Control method: watering and fertilizing on time.

When calcium is deficient, use 20% calcium chloride solution plus calcium fertilizer or foliar fertilizer 1-2 times a week. 5.Magnesium deficiency.

In the vicinity of the leaf veins, especially the main veins, it turns yellow, the leaves turn green, the fruit becomes smaller, and it is stunted. The main reason is that the soil contains little magnesium or too much calcium, potassium and nitrogen, which causes antagonism and hinders the absorption of calcium by eggplant. Control Method:

Increase the application rate of organic fertilizer and magnesium-containing mineral fertilizer, and pay attention to the application ratio of various fertilizers. When magnesium deficiency is found in cultivation, foliar sprays of calcium, magnesium, phosphate fertilizer or 20% magnesium sulfate can be applied once a week.

Control the temperature at about 20, also pay attention to watering, but also pay attention to soil germs, sprinkle medicine in the soil in advance, pay attention to observe the soil quality, and solve the root cause of various insect pests.

Strengthen temperature control, maintain an appropriate temperature of 25 30 in the flower bud differentiation stage and flowering stage, and the maximum temperature should not exceed 35; Strengthen fertilizer and water management, water and fertilize in time, but do not over-fertilize and over-water.

First of all, it is necessary to grasp the right temperature, and also to choose the appropriate fertilizer, and must ensure that the sun is sufficient, and to kill insects in time, you can choose some farm fertilizer, you must water in time, and then ventilate in time.

First of all, let's talk about low temperature barrier, this physiological disease in the growth process of eggplant, if you encounter a slight low temperature, there will be a decrease in chlorophyll, yellow spots near the petioles, the growth of diseased plants is slow, the plant stops growing, and most of the diseases that cause harm to eggplants at lower temperatures above freezing point are parasitic. Such as wilt cataplexy, cotton plague, brown striae verticillium wilt, etc. At the same time, there are also various physiological diseases.

Such as stiff seedlings and leaf rolling, burning leaves and yellow leaves, falling flowers and falling fruits, cracking fruits, sunburn umbilical rot, hollow fruits, poor coloring and other problems.

It is an important fungal disease of eggplant that occurs all year round, causing fruit rot after the onset of the disease. On the eggplant with brown streaks, there will be irregular brown sunken lesions, and there will be obvious ring patterns after the lesions are expanded, and many small black spots will be produced on the spots, and there will be gray-brown mildew at the calyx of the young fruit stage, and then the rotten and larger will become larger until they fall off. Cotton blight is water-stained mildew.

There is no difficulty in dealing with the symptoms**. The insect infestation is dominated by red and white spiders (mites). Powdery mildew in the later stages should also be a concern.

Pharmaceutical defense: the prevention and control should be early, focusing on the protection of the eggplant at the lower part of the plant, and the pesticides that can be selected are chlorothalonil, mancozeb, ethylphosphine aluminum, manganese-zinc fine methyl frost, downy mildew, manganese-zinc frost, etc. : At the beginning of eggplant cotton blight, the lesions are water-stained and round, and rapidly expand to the whole fruit.

The lesions are brown or dark brown, gradually shrinking and softening, and when the humidity is high, the diseased fruit is covered with hairy white hyphae, and finally the diseased fruit rots or becomes a stiff fruit.

The main reasons for the occurrence of Gemini eggplant are that eggplant encounters low temperatures below 5 degrees Celsius during the flower bud differentiation stage, and excessive use of fertilizer and overwatering leads to excessive nutrients. There are also vegetable farmers who use growth regulators in excessive concentrations, and they are also prone to Gemini eggplant. After transplanting at the seedling stage, the eggplant seedlings were frost damaged.

Due to the lack of timely protection, or the protection is not in place, if it is not too serious frost damage, from the leaf point of view, there are no particularly obvious symptoms, but it is relatively easy to cause the phenomenon of stiff seedlings.

In the process of eggplant growth, the humidity and temperature in the air should be controlled, and the eggplant that has been damaged should be removed in time and sprayed with pesticides in time.

Usually you should pay attention to the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, and pay attention to the time of watering and fertilization.

1. Yellowing of young leaves. The young leaves are bright yellowish-white, the tips of the leaves remain green, and rust-colored spots appear on the middle and lower leaves; Excessive fertilizer and high humidity, soil acidity or manganese nutrient overnutrient, inhibiting iron absorption, easy to lead to new leaf yellowing. Prevention and control measures:

After the onset of the disease, spray 500 times of ferrous sulfate on the foliar surface (do not be too heavy); The soil was applied with Mengding strong bio-organic fertilizer to adjust the soil pH; Potassium supplementation balances nutrients and satisfies or promotes iron**.

2. The flower buds do not open. The ovary does not swell, and the flower buds are constricted and do not open, which affects pollination and fertilization and becomes stiff. In the cold season, when there is a lack of water, the air is moist, the pH of the soil is above, and the availability of boron in the soil is reduced; Excessive lime calcium in the soil can induce boron deficiency in plants, which can cause flower buds to not open for a long time.

Prevention and control measures: foliar spray 2 3 times Mengliboron 1500 times liquid + Mengding essence or Mengding pure fine potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Sometimes the symptoms are on the leaves, but the root of the problem is not on the leaves. For example, in the early stage of bacterial wilt, the leaves will wilt, but the real ** is in the roots and stems, it is the vascular bundles that are blocked, resulting in water and nutrients that cannot be transported to the leaves, so the leaves wilt.

Lack of water and sudden sunshine after rain can also cause leaf wilting and involution.

Blight and cataplexy can also cause necrosis at the base of the stem, causing the leaves to wilt and curl.

It's supposed to be a viral disease! Spray a little morpholinoguanidine hydrochloride, shiitake mushroom polysaccharides, and add a little foliar fertilizer, and it may get better!

Severe chilling damage, for the seedling stage of the above-ground leaves wilted and died, can produce new leaves, timely clean up the dead leaves.

After the vegetables are cold-damaged, the disease resistance is significantly reduced, so pay attention to the low temperature and high humidity diseases. Therefore, after the chilling injury, the shed can be fumigated for 6-12 hours in the evening with chlorothalonil smoke removal agent or pythium smoke relieving agent; Vegetables in the open field should be sprayed with preventive agents such as chlorothalonil and Pythium in time.

I think when doing it, we should go to the greenhouse to plant, so that we will not encounter frost damage, if we encounter it, we should also use multiple layers of covering, and then use lights to make up for the heat, and we should also use purple light film, and then its function is to prevent frost damage.

Nitrogen fertilizer and dilution of potassium permanganate should be sprayed for eggplant to improve the cold resistance of eggplant, and it can also be covered with mulch film for crops to increase heat preservation.

Dig deep into the land, apply foot fertilizer, control watering, rain and drainage; Do a good job in plant adjustment, remove diseased and residual bodies in a timely manner, improve ventilation, and disinfect seeds. It can be sterilized by soaking seeds in warm soup. Doubling the liquid with methyl tobuzin wettable powder.

Planting time, the eggplant grows at a temperature between 20 and 30 degrees, suitable for both spring and autumn seasons. In early spring, during the time of planting between December and February, eggplants are planted in early spring. There is also usually weather, usually in the afternoon on cloudy or sunny days.

Planting techniques, sowing seeds: Choosing seeds is the key to planting. When we choose seeds, choose rainwater that is resistant to heat and also resistant to insects, this seed has become uniform, beautiful in appearance and high in yield.

If you want to prevent diseases when planting eggplant, you must first choose high-terrain, semi-sandy soil, do not plant too densely, it is best to plant eggplant, and then choose disease-resistant varieties, it is best to prevent and control pesticides, and focus on prevention.

There are mainly cotton blight, verticillium wilt, gray mold, you can add medicine to dip the flower, early prevention and control of the drug, the medicine dip in the flower to add Pythium or iprodione. Use chlorothalonil tobacco agent, Pythium tobacco agent for prevention.

After the eggplant blooms, it is necessary to prevent whether there are any pests and diseases, pay attention to the growth of eggplant seedlings in time, and check it immediately once it is found that it is not very good, so that the eggplant can be pollinated well before it can bear fruit.

You can sterilize and disinfect the soil before planting, and choose high-quality seeds and seeds that are suitable for the local climate.

Due to continuous cropping, fertilization and improper management, it is easy to cause overnutrition or nutrient deficiency, excessive or insufficient water, too high or too low temperature, and harmful gases, which will cause physiological diseases of eggplant. The whole plant of eggplant is malgrown, the color is yellow, and it is a lack of fertilizer, especially nitrogen fertilizer. Eggplant growth point necrosis, cessation of growth, and atrophy are symptoms of boron deficiency.

The plant growth point is deformed and stunted. Symptoms such as umbilical rot in the fruit are a sign of calcium deficiency. Necrotic spots on the stem are a sign of excess nitrogen and insufficient calcium.

The heart leaves are dark green and there is a surplus of nitrogen. Yellowing of the lower leaves of the plant is a lack of nitrogen. Iron deficiency in plants can easily cause yellowing or albino of heart leaves.

The leaf tips of plants with excess phosphorus are white, withered and have small pittings, and the veins of phosphorus-deficient leaves are red. Plants lacking water wilt, low ground temperature, and excessive water is easy to root up. The leaves of the seedlings turned black and died after being soaked in water, and the leaf margins of the adult plants turned green and white, which was ammonia damage.

Leaf whitening is caused by carbon monoxide or sulfur dioxide. The blanching of stems and leaves is frost damage. The plant stops growing, the leaves are turned back, and the flowers and fruits fall off when it is severe, which is a low temperature chilling injury.

There are two methods for the prevention and control of physiological diseases of eggplant. Soil measurement should be carried out to determine the excess or deficiency of nutrients in the soil, accurately diagnose them, and supply the nutrients lacking in time. At the same time, it can be mitigated by improving environmental conditions.

If the absorption of phosphorus by crops is hindered when the ground temperature is low, the ground temperature should be increased to improve the phosphorus nutrient level. Sometimes there is an excess of nitrogen fertilizer, and soil drought also affects the uptake of calcium by plants. Therefore, it is recommended that fertilization should be appropriate, various elements should be used together, and fertilizer and water should be coordinated. Strengthen temperature and humidity management to prevent physiological water shortage and low temperature hazards, as well as root rooting, and alleviate physiological diseases.