What are the stages of Chinese cabbage balling? How to water and top dressing?

The rosette period, in this period, the leaves coincide, and it looks like a rosette from the appearance, so it is called the rosette period. Generally speaking, the rosette period takes 20 to 30 days to reach the end of the ball. During this period, the growth and development rate of cabbage rhizomes is very fast, the taproot rapidly widens, and the trend develops to the deep soil layer, gradually producing a strong rhizome network.

During the rosette stage, it is necessary to pay attention to the abundance of liquid fertilizer, moderately manipulate the growth and development of leaves, avoid too much vigor, harm the production of bulbs, and at the same time prevent pests and diseases.

In the cabbage rosette stage, 1 mu of deep application or digging hole to apply 800 1000kg of human feces, urine feces, or ammonium sulfate.

12 15 kg, phosphate fertilizer 8 10 kg, mannitol.

6～8kg。The cabbage balling period refers to the link from the beginning of cabbage balling to the harvest of leaf balls. It generally takes more than 30-50 days, in which the early maturing varieties generally have a short balling period, and the late maturing varieties have a particularly long balling period.

However, regardless of the length of the ball-setting period, the ball-setting period of Chinese cabbage can be subdivided into three key links: early, middle and late ball-setting and late ball-setting.

Because the balling period is the stage when cabbage must have more liquid fertilizer, it is generally necessary to carry out scientific watering and fertilization in the balling period in cabbage planting, which can be conducive to high and stable yield of cabbage. Cabbage is a cruciferous family.

Brassica is a woody plant born 1-2 years old.

Able to produce leaf balls. The water consumption is large, it is not moisture resistant, semi-low temperature resistant, and the high temperature resistance is poor. The cabbage has a well-developed root system, with a thick and fleshy straight root system, with many branches, producing a well-developed reticulated structure rhizome, 90% of which are concentrated in the 30cm soil layer below the ground.

Sandy loam soil with a thick soil layer and a strong fertilizer level is the most suitable for planting, which is suitable for the pH value of the soil layer.

Cabbage should not be planted in conjunction with other cruciferous vegetables. In the planting of Chinese cabbage, after the winter solstice festival, the climate gradually becomes colder, and the autumn cabbage enters the balling period.

The amount of fertilizer applied to autumn cabbage in the balling stage accounts for about 50% of the whole growth period, and if there is defertilization in the balling stage, it will directly affect the compactness of the core and reduce the production and quality.

It includes three stages: early, middle and late. The bulbous period is the most vigorous growth period, so it requires a lot of water, and it is generally watered 2-3 times.

For the fertilization of Chinese cabbage during the balling period, it is usually carried out when the Chinese cabbage is wrapped, and the best effect is applied once in the early stage and once in the middle of the cabbage, but for the fields that are frequently watered, it can also be applied with water in 3 times during watering.

It is divided into three periods, the front, middle and back, and different food states are not the same, and there is no need for a lot of watering in the middle and late stages, otherwise it may lead to rot.

Chinese cabbage is a vegetable that most farmers will grow, and it mostly matures in winter. What measures should be taken during the crusting period of Chinese cabbage? The following is a detailed explanation for you.

What measures should be taken during the crusting period of Chinese cabbage?

1. Fertilization. Fertilization at the bulbosetting stage of Chinese cabbage is an important part of harvesting high-quality and high-yield Chinese cabbage. Fertilization was applied twice during the balling stage, and nitrogen and potassium were supplemented.

For the first time, after the rosette stage, at the beginning of the balling stage, 15-20 kg of compound fertilizer was applied per mu. The second time in the middle of balling, about 10 kg of compound fertilizer was applied per mu. In the late stage of balling, due to the weakening of the absorption capacity of Chinese cabbage roots, the effect of topdressing is not large, and topdressing is no longer needed.

Applying an adequate amount of basal fertilizer is the basis for a bumper harvest of Chinese cabbage. Generally, the soil fertility of the old vegetable plot is relatively high, and an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer can be used, and the nutrient ratio is mainly nitrogen and potassium, and phosphorus fertilizer is used together. The new vegetable plot should be re-applied with organic fertilizer and ternary compound fertilizer.

Seedlings should control nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer in the sowing period, in addition to the seedling pumping period, the seedlings should generally be squatted at the rosette stage to promote root growth, and absorb a lot of nutrients and water in the later stage.

2. Watering. When squatting seedlings after the end of the rosette period, water a small amount of water, called buffer water, and water a large amount after 3 or 4 days. The purpose of buffering water is to prevent the cells from absorbing water violently, causing the base of the petiole to crack and soft rot to appear.

After that, it is watered every 7-8 times, and it can be watered once every 10 days in the later stage of balling, until the Xiangling calendar stops watering about 7 days before harvest.

3. Pest control.

Pests and diseases in the bulboding stage of Chinese cabbage include aphids, cabbage caterpillars, maggots, etc. Diseases include soft rot, dry heartburn, mildew, etc., once the above situation occurs, prevention and control measures should be taken in time.

4. Bundle leaf ball protection.

The bunched leaves prevent frost damage. The bunching of leaves is usually carried out within 15 to 20 days of harvest, and the outer leaves of the rosette are lifted to wrap around the bulbs, and the bunched leaves can be tied with soft bellflowers. The bundle leaves should not be too early, otherwise it will affect photosynthesis, and too late it will be frozen.

Some of the above measures should be taken during the crusting period of Chinese cabbage, it is easier to obtain high yields, and can be managed and adjusted according to their specific conditions.

Better measures are needed to cultivate Chinese cabbage in advance, pay attention to the state of Chinese cabbage in time, fertilize Chinese cabbage in time, water the Chinese cabbage frequently, and deworm the cabbage of the Great Observation Bureau.

Appropriate fertilization, appropriate watering, good protection of vegetables, insect prevention, sun protection, etc. are all measures that need to be done during the balling period of Chinese cabbage.

It is necessary to prevent pests and diseases in time, and it is necessary to water and fertilize Li Qing in time, and it should also kill insects and weeds in time, and the temperature of planting is generally kept at about 23 degrees before which state, and the soil should be loosened in time and pay attention to air humidity.

The so-called bulbling stage of Chinese cabbage refers to the slow growth of the outer leaves, and the new leaves that grow from the conjoined leaves begin to be inclusive, that is, the top of the leaves is bent inward, unlike the outer leaves that are scattered or erect. The outer heart leaf continues to grow, the inner heart leaf continues to grow, a piece presses a piece, a piece is smaller than a piece, Chinese cabbage in the rosette stage, the growth rate is accelerated, the amount of fertilizer needs to be increased, the fertilizer is mainly urea, generally about ten centimeters on the side of the ridge, and it is necessary to pay attention not to hurt the roots when opening the ditch. Generally, the temperature is high at noon, so we need to use a small amount of water in time to reduce the ground temperature and promote growth.

During the rosette stage, it is necessary to pay attention to sufficient fertilizer and water, properly control the growth of leaves, prevent excessive exuberance, affect the formation of bulbs, and at the same time control pests and diseases. In the rosette stage of Chinese cabbage, 800 1000 kg of human urine feces were applied per mu by ditching or digging holes, or 12 15 kg of ammonium sulfate, 8 10 kg of superphosphate, and 6 8 kg of magnesium sulfate.

It is usually carried out when the Chinese cabbage is wrapped, and the best effect is applied once in the early stage and once in the middle of the wrapping, but for the fields that are watered frequently, it can also be applied with water in 3 times during watering. Fertilizer can generally be used with urea 40-60 kg per mu, with 20-25 kg of potassium sulfate for top dressing, cabbage rosette stage common diseases are downy mildew, downy mildew prevention and control to control humidity, watering to follow the principle of seeing dry and wet, control humidity can reduce the occurrence of downy mildew. The insect pests include aphids, cabbage insects, etc., which can be controlled with pesticides, and yellow sticky insect boards can also be used to eliminate adult insects.

Before the cabbage is rolled, the squatting seedlings are carried out to promote the occurrence of cabbage bulbs. The operation of squatting seedlings: before the cabbage roll, 10-15 days, watering once, after watering, until the cabbage roll before the watering is no longer watered.

The average temperature of the main growth period of Chinese cabbage is mostly 16 soil 10, the seeds begin to germinate in 4-8, and germinate quickly and grow robustly in 20-25. The suitable temperature for seedling growth is 22-25. If the temperature is too high and the climate is dry, the seedlings will grow poorly and be susceptible to viral diseases.

First of all, we must water frequently, water three times a week, but also pay attention to fertilization, you can apply some organic fertilizer, and secondly, you also need to pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases, spraying with special pesticides, to prevent insects or germs, destroy Chinese cabbage, and also often give birth to the soil around Chinese cabbage, so that their roots can better absorb nutrients.

Usually give it more water, pay it more potassium fertilizer, and household fertilizer, let it bask in the sun more, so that the planted Chinese cabbage will be particularly high-yielding.

Be sure to water more and fertilize more, and ventilate more, pull out all the excess weeds, and be sure to maintain the air permeability of the soil.

The different stages of Chinese cabbage growth and development have different water requirements: Emergence stage: requires high soil moisture.

The soil is dry, and the germinated seeds are prone to "shoot dry" and die seedlings. Therefore, the soil moisture should be good when sowing, and the soil should be watered in time after sowing, and the relative humidity of the soil should be kept at 85% 90 during this period. Seedling stage:

This period is in the high temperature and dry season, in order to cool down and prevent disease watering, we must keep the soil surface moist, usually the requirement is "three water seedlings, five water trees". At this stage, the relative humidity of the soil should be maintained at 80% 90. Romatic period:

In order to promote the rooting of Chinese cabbage, it is necessary to properly control the watering according to the characteristics of the variety and seedling conditions, and the relative humidity of the soil at this stage should be 75% 85. After squatting seedlings, due to the loss of more water in the soil, more fertilizer is applied before squatting seedlings, and two watering times are required. Wrapping period:

During this period, the growth amount is 70 of the full weight, the water requirement is more, generally about 7 days to water, the soil should be kept dry, and the relative humidity of the soil is required to be 85% 94. At this stage, if there is a lack of water, it will not only affect the heart, but also be prone to "dry heartburn". However, it is not advisable to flood with water, otherwise it is easy to be infected with soft rot after stagnant water.

Chinese cabbage is a 1-2 year old herbaceous plant of the Brassica genus in the cruciferous family, which can form leaf balls. It consumes a lot of water, is not humid tolerant, semi-cold-resistant, and has poor heat resistance. Chinese cabbage root system is developed, for the hypertrophy fleshy straight roots, many roots, forming a developed network root system, 90% of which are concentrated in the 30 cm soil layer under the surface every 7 to 10 days or so sprayed once, spraying about three times in a row, the time of topdressing foliar fertilizer is controlled at about three o'clock in the afternoon, in this time period photosynthesis is conducive to improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, improving the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage.

10 15 kg of ammonium sulfate or 1000 1500 kg of human feces per mu to promote the compaction of the core balls, and the top dressing can be applied in trenches or deep in pits. In the later stage of hidden disorder balling, 10 kg of ammonium sulfate or 1000 kg of human feces and urine were applied per mu. The top dressing should not be too heavy in the later stage to prevent root burning.

When the temperature decreases, the plant grows slowly, the root system ages, the function of absorbing nutrients becomes poor, and the effect of top dressing is no longer obvious, so it is not suitable for top dressing. Foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea or green leaf treasure can be sprayed, which can significantly increase the yield and quality of autumn Chinese cabbage.

Cabbage grows vigorously at the bulboding stage, needs sufficient fertilizer and water**, generally needs to be irrigated 2 times 3 times, and in case of dry weather, the number of irrigation times should be increased. Pay attention to the first water should be lightly irrigated to prevent the cabbage from cracking due to sudden pouring of water; The second time the water should be followed closely to prevent the surface from drying and cracking and breaking the roots.

Irrigation should be done by furrow irrigation to make the water infiltrate slowly, which can not only ensure the water required for the growth of cabbage, but also avoid excessive water and promote the occurrence of soft rot. Irrigation should ensure that there is no water accumulation in the ditch, no water on the ridge (furrow) surface, and no water shortage for root absorption. In the later stage of balling, watering should be appropriately reduced every 7 to 10 days or so, spraying about three times in a row, if we apply foliar fertilizer at about three o'clock in the afternoon, in this time period is conducive to improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, improve the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage.

The bulbling stage is the period when the outer leaves of Chinese cabbage grow slowly, the leaf bulbs grow rapidly, the growth of the day is delayed, and a large amount of nutrients accumulate. The key points of management in this period are: reasonable watering and fertilization, keeping the soil moist, and ensuring the healthy growth of cabbage.

It is necessary to keep the soil moist during the heading stage of autumn Minsheng celery and cabbage, which is conducive to root growth and nutrient absorption. Generally, watering once every 5 7 days until 7 10 days before harvest, so as not to have too high water content of Chinese cabbage, which is not conducive to storage. Laugh aside.

The most critical thing in the process of cabbage planting management is the problem of water, the water demand of cabbage entering the core stage increases, so it is necessary to pay attention to watering to avoid the lack of water during the cabbage core period, or the watering is unstable, and the watering shed is waterlogged once. The first watering after the cabbage enters the core stage is best to be watered with small water, and the middle belt in the chain is to avoid the root system of the cabbage being affected and disturbed due to excessive watering.

<>1 Germination period: Chinese cabbage from sowing to basal leaves, 6-7 days, called germination period. The cotyledons are cross-shaped with the basal leaves, which is a sign of the end of germination.

The fullness of the seeds and the weather during the sowing period have a great impact on the germination of seeds and the growth of seedlings. From sowing to seedlings, we should pay attention to timely watering and keep the seedlings. 2 Seedling stage:

From the end of the Chinese cabbage germination period to the seedling stage when the first leaf ring is formed into Chinese cabbage, 7-8 days, also known as the cluster stage. Seedlings 8-10 leaves, underground taproot, lateral roots grow at the same time, but at this time the climate is often very abnormal, we should pay more attention to strengthen field management, prevent the epidemic of diseases, and strive to achieve seedlings, seedlings all, seedlings strong.

3. Rosette stage: from the beginning of the cluster to the first to grow into mesophytic leaves.

Second, the leaves of the third ring, the overlapping leaves of the plant at this time resemble a rosette state, which is called the rosette stage, which takes 20-22 days. The end of the rosette phase is marked by the beginning of the inward curl of new leaves, showing a tendency to envelop the center. During this period, the outer leaves grew rapidly, the underground roots also grew rapidly, and the lateral roots thickened and developed in depth, forming a strong root absorption network with large delays.

During this period, it is necessary to carry out water-controlled cultivation and squatting seedlings, properly control the growth of aboveground rosette leaves, and prevent the leaf growth from being too vigorous and affect the differentiation and formation of bulbs in the later stage of rosette.

4. Balling period: from the beginning of the core to the whole leaf ball to grow into the balling period of Chinese cabbage, the middle and late maturing varieties are about 45 days; Early maturing varieties are around 30 days. The growth of Chinese cabbage during this period has an important impact on the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage.

Therefore, water and fertilizer management should be strengthened during this period. Macro destruction.

5. Harvest period: Generally, cabbage is harvested from the beginning of winter to light snow, and it should be harvested in time according to the weather and market conditions.