Seeds are used for the cultivation method of smelt gourd in saline alkali land

The optimal temperature for the growing season is 20 25, the growth is slow below 15, and the growth stops below 8. Older than 30 grow slowly and are highly susceptible to disease. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 25 30 , 13 can germinate, but very slowly; 30 35 germinates the fastest, but tends to cause overgrowth.

The flowering and fruiting period requires a high temperature, which is generally best maintained at 22 to 25. Early-maturing varieties are more tolerant of low temperatures. The minimum temperature for root growth is 6 and the minimum temperature for root hair occurrence is 12.

At night temperature 8 10 o'clock, the fertilized fruit can develop normally.

The light intensity is required to be moderate, and it can withstand weak light, but it is easy to cause growth when the light is insufficient. In terms of photoperiod, it is a short-day plant, which is conducive to the growth of stems and leaves under long-day conditions, and has an earlier melon-bearing stage under short-day conditions.

Zucchini likes moisture and is not drought tolerant, especially during the fruiting stage, the soil should be kept moist in order to obtain high yields. Viral diseases are prone to occur under high temperature and drought conditions; However, high temperature and humidity are also easy to cause powdery mildew. The soil requirements are not strict, sand, loam, clay can be cultivated, and the loam with deep soil layer is easy to obtain high yield.

Sowing and propagating, spring sowing or autumn sowing, spring sowing is the mainstay. The cultivation methods are divided into open ground, simple ground covering, and protected land cultivation (also divided into small arch shed and greenhouse cultivation), etc., each with its own characteristics. Here is a brief introduction to the general cultivation methods:

Select seeds to remove impurities, select clean and full, 1000-grain seeds weighing about 200g, put them in tile pots or other oil-free containers, soak them in cold water first, and then blanch them with warm water of 50 55, stir constantly, keep them for 15 20 minutes, cool them naturally to 20 30, soak them for 4 6 hours, and then soak them in 1% potassium permanganate for 20 30 minutes after removing them to disinfect and sterilize. Air-drying, to semi-drying, can be warmed to promote germination, the temperature to 25 is appropriate. If the amount of seeds is large, it can be turned during germination to promote neat germination, but it will not be turned after germination.

The buds should be sown at the same time, and the weather should be sunny and warm. If sowing cannot be done on rainy days, the seeds can be placed in a cool place to control the growth of young shoots.

The sown nutrient soil should be prepared 20 30 days before sowing. Disease-free soil and farmhouse fertilizer that have not been planted with melons and vegetables are used, usually mixed with 6 parts of garden soil and 4 parts of well-rotted horse manure or circle fertilizer. Place in a seedbed or paper bag, plastic bowl (diameter 9 10), thickness 8 9 cm.

After sowing, cover with soil about 2.

Seedlings are easy to grow, and the temperature and humidity need to be strictly controlled.

After sowing, the seedlings should be kept at high temperature before germinating from the soil layer, the day temperature is 25 30, the night temperature is 18 20, the ground temperature is 22 24, the relative humidity is 80 90%, and the seedlings emerge in about 3 4 days. After the seedlings emerge, the temperature is about 25 during the day, 13 14 at night, and the night temperature drops to 12 after the first true leaf. 8 10 days before planting, should gradually increase the amount of ventilation, and cool the seedlings, generally 15 25 during the day, 6 10 at night.

Planting methods of suffix supplication: land preparation and fertilization, ditching and furrowing, planting, temperature setting, and fruit preservation.

1. Soil preparation and fertilization

The bottom fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, generally about 2000 kg of rotting organic fertilizer, about 75 kg of cake fertilizer, about 40 kg of compound fertilizer and about 80 kg of plant ash per mu, and the fertilizer is evenly sprinkled on the ground, and the ground can be leveled after turning 30cm deep.

2. Ditching and furrowing

The method of deep furrow and high furrow and plastic film covering is adopted. Generally, the furrow width is about 100cm, the furrow height is about 20cm, and the furrow width is about 25-30cm.

When covering the film, the cover should be tightened, so that the plastic film and the furrow cover are tightly attached, and the surrounding area of the film should be compacted with soil. After fertilizing the land as a furrow cover film, 45 chlorothalonil fumes were used to smoke at a rate of 1 kg per mu before planting, and the greenhouse was closed for 1 week of suffocation.

3. Colonization

Generally, planting is carried out in mid-March every year, when the seedlings have 3 leaves, 1 heart or 4 leaves, and the seedling age is about 1 month. Small varieties are planted in double rows with a plant spacing of 40 to 40cm, with about 1800 plants per mu. Large varieties are planted in double rows according to the plant spacing of 50 to 50cm, and there are about 1600 plants per mu.

1 day before planting, the seedbed should be watered thoroughly, select strong seedlings, good seedlings, try to make the roots more soil transplanting, planting should let the root system stretch normally, after planting to water the roots, and the planting hole with fine soil to cover tightly, after watering 1 time a day until the seedlings survive.

4. Temperature setting

Do not ventilate in the seedling stage, to increase the temperature of the shed to promote the rooting of zucchini, the temperature of the shed should be kept at about 25-28 during the day, about 18-20 at night, and when the temperature of the shed exceeds 30 at noon on a sunny day, it is necessary to properly ventilate. After slowing the seedlings, the temperature of the greenhouse should be controlled at about 20-25 during the day and about 12-15 at night, which is more conducive to the differentiation of female flowers and early sitting melon.

After sitting the melon, it is advisable to keep the temperature at about 22-26 during the day and about 15-18 at night, and the minimum should not be lower than 10.

5. Fruit preservation

In early spring, when the temperature is low in the next season, it is necessary to take artificial pollination, generally before 9 o'clock in the morning, pick the male flowers that open on the same day, remove their corolla, and then gently smear them on the stigma of the female flowers.

Planting zucchini is best carried out in the spring of each year, first turn the soil deeply, apply base fertilizer and then dig a ditch for furrowing, and then you can soak and sprout the seeds planted into the soil, keep the soil slightly moist, and soon it can emerge and grow, and the seedlings can be planted and transplanted at about 30 days old.

1. Planting time

Zucchini likes warmth, its most suitable growth temperature is between 20-25, if the temperature is lower than 15, it will grow slowly, so according to the growth habit of zucchini, the most suitable planting time is in the spring of each year, if it is planted in a greenhouse, then it can be carried out all year round.

2. Land selection and land preparation

Zucchini is suitable for growing in loose, fertile and well-drained soil, so you need to turn the soil deep before planting, and you also need to apply a sufficient amount of base fertilizer in the soil to make the fertility of the soil more sufficient, and finally dig a trench for furrowing, generally 100 cm wide, 20 cm high, 25-30 cm wide.

3. Seed treatment

Zucchini needs to be soaked and germinated before planting, its seeds are cleaned, and then placed in 50-55 warm water to blanch seeds, the water temperature is cooled to about 20-30 and then soaked for 4-6 hours, and finally taken out and placed in a warm environment to promote germination, which can improve its emergence rate.

4. Planting method

Germinated zucchini seeds can be evenly sown into the soil, covered with a thin layer of soil after planting, keep the soil slightly moist, and soon it can germinate, and wait until the seedling age is about 30 days, you can plant seedlings according to the plant spacing of 40-50 cm.

The content comes from the user: Shuwen Tianxia.

Zucchini is cultivated and cultivated.

Zucchini is more resistant to low temperatures, so it can not only be planted in spring, but also can be planted in autumn, but the temperature is too high in the hot season, the sunshine is long, the amount of female flower differentiation is small, and it is difficult to produce complete fruits, and in the "sowing before and after the beginning of autumn, the plant is vigorous, the number of female flowers and the fruiting rate are high, but the autumn planting zucchini melon harvest period is short, the virus disease is serious, the yield is not high, and the work of disease prevention and insect control should be strengthened.

1. Before planting, the preparation is to choose the winter fallow land that is not heavy, plough and dry the soil before winter, and after thawing in spring, prepare the land in mid to late March, and plant in late March or early April. The furrow specifications are; High ridge mulch cultivation, ridge surface 50cm, ridge spacing 70cmThe average row spacing is 60cm, the plant spacing is 60cm, and the single row is planted on the ridge pre-surface, and 1840 plants are planted per mu.

Before planting, apply 1oookg of manure per mu, or 5m3 of rotted circle fertilizer and 30kg of phosphate fertilizerWhen the moisture is not good, you can water 1 time before planting, water a small amount of water when planting, open the hole and put the seedlings first, and then water. If planted early (mid to late March), you can buckle the small plastic arch grille, cover the grass at night, and do not ventilate for 5 days, and after surviving, you can gradually ventilate around noon.

2 Post-colonization management.

1) Management of fertilizer and waterZucchini in the process of growth and development, if the management is improper, it will cause various problems, such as the seedling stage and the first female flower full fruit stage, if the nitrogen fertilizer and water are too much, causing the plant to grow, the differentiation and fruit setting of the female flower will be affected, either the female flower appears late, or the melon phenomenon is produced; On the contrary, too much melon is left in the early fruit stage and the harvest is not timely, and the reproductive growth is dominant, which will produce the phenomenon of falling seedlings, resulting in poor growth of melon seedlings, resulting in early senescence and disease.

The basic principles of zucchini field management are the same as cucumbers, which can be referred to. After the zucchini seedlings are slowed, it should be combined with top dressing to water the seedlings once (to be secretly watered) to promote the development of roots, promote the seedlings, and lay a good foundation for more fruits, which is especially important for short-lived zucchini.

1. Selection of organic zucchini cultivars.

Choose early-maturing, dwarf, disease-resistant, cold-tolerant varieties. At present, the main varieties used are the early green generation, the black beauty, the Atai generation, the gray Caini, a litter of monkeys and other varieties, among which the early green generation is the main variety of zucchini in solar greenhouses around the world.

2. Sow seeds at the right time and cultivate strong seedlings.

Generally speaking, seeds can be sown as long as the temperature in the greenhouse is not less than 10 degrees during the day and not less than 6 degrees at night after several consecutive cloudy days, and it can be sown from early October to early November. The suitable calendar seedling age is about 30d, the standard of strong seedlings is 3-4 leaves, the plant height is 5-8cm, the stem thickness is about 8mm, the leaf color is dark green, and the root system is developed. The seedling raising technique can be carried out with cucumber reference, but the soil should be thicker.

Reasonable planting, heavy application of base fertilizer according to the wide row spacing of 80cm, narrow row spacing of 60cm to do small high ridges, ridge height of about 15cm, ridge covered with mulch, preferably a film cover double ridge, irrigation under the film, plant spacing 40-50cm, planting about 2000 plants per 667 square meters. It is advisable to plant in the morning on a sunny day, and the planting method is the same as that of cucumbers.

Apply more than 5000kg of organic fertilizer per 667 square meters, and add 30kg of ternary organic compound fertilizer or 150kg of superphosphate and 100kg of cake fertilizer, apply 1 2 generally, and apply 1 2 in the ditch.

3. Post-planting management.

Temperature, light, fertilizer and water management.

After planting, the shed is generally closed for heat preservation, and the plant exercise should be strengthened before the severe winter, and the night temperature can be reduced to 8 degrees - 12 degrees. After the severe winter, the management will return to normal, with a day temperature of 25 degrees to 28 degrees and a night temperature of 12 degrees to 15 degrees. In winter, the light time should be extended as much as possible in the protected area, and the grass should be covered early and late.

Planting water to water enough, slow seedlings can be watered again, the first melon sit down after watering fruit water, apply fruit fertilizer, generally every 10-15 days to water a water, the best by the film under the water. After the severe winter, increase the number of watering times to 4-5d watering. Top dressing 1 to 2 times before the Spring Festival, and 10-15 days after the Spring Festival.

After the spring is warm, it can be topdressed along the water, or washed with the water to apply the rotten manure and urine, and the top dressing can be carried out outside the roots at the melon stage and the late growth stage.

4. Pruning and pruning.

The density of zucchini in the solar greenhouse is large, in order to avoid shading each other, hanging vines or brackets can be used to make the plants grow upright, and the side vines and tendrils that appear in time are knocked out, and the yellow, old and diseased leaves at the bottom are removed.

1. Water and fertilizer management. After planting, water the seedlings according to the moisture to promote the seedlings, and control the watering before the root melon sits down. Organic fertilizer should be applied in time, but special attention should be paid to the peak growth period and fruit expansion period, but also should be watered in time to prevent drought, waterlogging should be drained immediately, and with the spraying of new high-fat film to protect moisture and waterproof evaporation, isolate the source of pests and diseases.

2. Management of flowering and fruiting period. In the flowering stage, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage, the zucchini is sprayed once each, which can thicken the melon, strengthen the nutrient delivery, promote the rapid development of the melon body, and make the zucchini high yield and high quality.

3. Prevention and control of pests and diseases. For some pests and diseases in the growth period of zucchini, pesticides should be sprayed in time with a new high-lipid film to enhance the efficacy and prevent the invasion of airborne bacteria. At the same time, it inhibits the reproduction of soil pests and diseases.

Apply more fertilizer, water more, and the temperature is high, and pay attention to calcium supplementation.

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