Name the three oldest scripts in the world and where they were produced?

1. Two river basins.

cuneiform, around 3000 BC. Around 3400 B.C., rudiments of cuneiform writing were produced, mostly images. Around 3000 B.C., the cuneiform writing system matured, and the glyphs became concise and abstract.

The number of characters decreased from about 1,000 in the early Bronze Age to about 400 in the late Bronze Age.

2. Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Around 3000 BC. Hieroglyphs, also known as ideograms, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Sumerian, ancient Indian.

as well as the Chinese oracle bone inscriptions.

They are all independently produced from the simplest drawings and patterns of primitive society. About 5,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians invented hieroglyphs, which were slow to write and difficult to read. The hieroglyphs of China are the Chinese nation.

The crystallization of wisdom - is a kind of inheritance of the ancestors from the primitive way of describing things, and it is also the most vivid, evolved to the best preserved writing.

3. Phoenician alphabet, around 2500 BC. In the 8th century, the Greeks borrowed all the Phoenician alphabets, and the order of the letters remained unchanged. The Phoenician alphabet does not have a separate vowel alphabet that prevents fluency in reading Egyptian, Phoenician, and Hebrew letters, but vowels are important in Greek.

Hieroglyphs: Ancient Egyptian cuneiform: Ancient Babylonian Chinese characters: Chinese.

Cuneiform writing in the valley of the two rivers, around 3000 BC.

Egyptian hieroglyphs, around 3000 BC.

Phoenician alphabet script, around 2500 BC.

Oracle Bone Inscription During the Xia and Shang dynasties in the Yellow River Valley of China, the Shang Dynasty was especially numerous; x0d cuneiform ancient Babylon in the valley of the two rivers; x0d Latin The script invented by the Latin people in the Roman region of the Apennine Peninsula in Europe, with the birth of the Roman Empire, became a good language of the Chinese government, once declined, and was "resurrected" again in the Renaissance; The earliest writing was invented by the ancient Egyptians in the Nile Valley, around the 32nd century BC.

Cuneiform writing in the valley of the two rivers, around 3000 BC.

Egyptian hieroglyphs, around 3000 BC.

Phoenician alphabet script, around 2500 BC.

Writing is one of the greatest inventions of human beings to write language symbols and tools for communicating information, and the birth of writing is an important symbol of mankind's entry into civilized society and a major achievement of spiritual civilization. The emergence of writing is a watershed for mankind from ignorance to civilization, and it is of far-reaching significance for the inheritance and exchange of civilization. After the advent of writing, some related art categories were also born, which greatly enriched the treasure house of spiritual civilization.

The oracle bone script is an ancient Chinese script, an early form of Chinese characters, sometimes considered one of the scripts of Chinese characters, and the oldest surviving mature script from the Chinese dynastic period.

The oracle bone inscription is also known as the "deed inscription", "oracle bone inscription", Yinxu script or "tortoiseshell beast bone inscription". The oracle bone inscriptions recorded and reflected the political and economic conditions of the Shang Dynasty, mainly referring to the inscriptions on tortoise shells or animal bones used by the royal family in the late Shang Dynasty (14th and 11th centuries BC) in China for divination. After the fall of the Yin Shang dynasty and the rise of the Zhou Dynasty, the oracle bone inscription was also used for a period of time, which is an important material for studying the social history of the Shang and Zhou dynasties.

The shape and structure of the oracle bone inscription has tended to be combined with independent bodies, and a large number of morphophonetic characters have appeared, which is already a fairly mature script, and is the earliest known systematic writing form in China. It inherits the original carved symbols on the top and the bronze inscriptions on the bottom, which is the key form of the development of Chinese characters and is known as the "earliest Chinese character". Modern Chinese characters evolved from oracle bone inscriptions.

Based on the available archaeological data, it is found that the oracle bone inscription is not unique to the Shang Dynasty and existed long before the Shang Dynasty.

Record experience, cognition, technology, and experience to provide guidance and reference for human life. Chinese character.

The earliest recognized writing in the world is cuneiform script, which appeared in the ancient Middle East.

Between 3000 and 2500 B.C., the Sumerians and Akkadians of the two river valleys established a number of city-states, which already had their own heads, councils of elders, and courts, and acquired the basic characteristics of the state, and the traditional tribal customary law gradually transitioned to law.

According to historical records, around 3000 BC, there were already sporadic legal norms recorded in cuneiform script, such as the prohibition of cheating, stealing, etc.

Around the end of the 21st century B.C., your-Nam founded the Third Dynasty of your, unified the southern part of the two river basins, and implemented a centralized rule, with the king combining military, administrative and judicial powers.

In order to rule the needs of the rule, the "Code of Urnham" was promulgated, written in cuneiform, in addition to the preamble, there are 29 articles, which have dealt with damage and compensation, marriage, family and inheritance, and punishment, etc., reflecting the protection of the interests of slave owners and private property in the code, which is the world's first written code, which marks the ancient Eastern method has entered the stage of culture. It had a significant impact on the subsequent legislation of the two river basins.

The earliest recognized writing in the world is:

cuneiform writing that appeared in the ancient Middle East, 5000 6000 years ago; The earliest ancient script in China confirmed by the academic community is the Yinxu oracle bone inscription in the middle and late Shang Dynasty, which is only about 3,300 years ago, while the Jiahu oracle bone unearthed in Henan is more than 8,000 years old. Archaeological evidence suggests that between 5000 BC and 4000 BC, the people who lived in the delta of the two rivers in Mesopotamia were known as Sumerians. Their culture formed the basis for the development of all subsequent civilizations in that region.

The most important legacy of the Sumerians to posterity was their system of records, which quickly spread from the realm of mere pictographs. The earliest known example of writing, which can be called writing, appears on clay tablets from the temple of Inanna in Erec. The tablets were carved with symbols and objects presumed to be numbers, such as animal heads, birds, fish, plants, household utensils, and human organs (see Figure 1).

Therefore, it is certain that in Sumer, as in Egypt, writing originated from pictures and developed from them. In both countries, it has been discovered how to use pictures to represent sounds and objects. Once this is reached, the writing begins.

A clay tablet engraved with pictographs from Erec, possibly a temple bookkeeping notice. c. 3500 BC.

Knotted rope notes, hieroglyphs, bishu, line books, ,...