Tell me how much do you know about Chinese history?

China has a long history, from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors to contemporary socialism. When I was in middle school, there was a dynastic mantra that is still catchy: "Xia Shang in the Western Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Zhou in two sections, Spring and Autumn and Warring States, unified Qin and Han Dynasty...

To put it simply, it is the Chinese dynasties: Xia, Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn, Warring States, Qin, Han, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing. Interested friends can pay attention to the book "Five Thousand Years of China", which is detailed, lush, and easy to understand.

The vast majority of general histories have a common problem, that is, it is easy to turn into a history textbook-style list of knowledge points, first of all, according to the order of dynasties, one by one. The second is that each dynasty should be divided into political, economic, ethnic, military, academic and cultural aspects, and be stacked up piece by piece like tofu. It looks neat, but if you read it from beginning to end, I guarantee you'll have a mess in your head, read the back and forget the front.

Why? Because the existing general history often emphasizes historical facts and ignores historical knowledge, it does not open up the logical lines behind these knowledge points, and only pays attention to listing knowledge points without making efforts to summarize and sort out the laws behind them, that is to say, these tofu blocks are not strung together with one or several threads, so they are scattered as soon as they are picked up.

Indeed, China is the country that attaches great importance to history in the world, and it is also the country that has left the most historical materials. Not to mention anything else, a 24-year history has more than 40 million words. It's very difficult to read.

Tube: The history of Chinese civilization is a history of education. "People don't know if they don't learn", and the history of the education of Chinese civilization and wisdom lies in "knowing".

In the course of history, there has been alienation of this kind of "knowing" education (there are many reasons for this alienation, and it cannot be understood simply), and there is also a struggle against this alienated education (the May Fourth Movement). When the dust of history settles, the immortal connotation of the wisdom of civilization can be truly understood by mankind through the education of "knowing", thus exuding dazzling brilliance and illuminating the way forward for human civilization.

Why, because the twenty-four histories are ancient, there are a lot of words that we don't know at the level of our undergraduate graduates, names of people and places that we don't know, unfamiliar rules and regulations, etc., not to mention you, it's not easy for the ancients to read it smoothly. We look at Zeng Guofan's diary, Zeng Guofan, who was born as a Jinshi and has a deep knowledge, stipulates in his diary that he must read ten pages of history books every day. How many words is ten pages in a history book?

The ancient books are carved relatively sparsely, and the characters are relatively large, generally about 300 words per page. In other words, Zeng Guofan can read 3,000 words a day.

Many countries say that their national history is too short to sum up. The Chinese are worried that their history is too long, and it is difficult to study and sum up.

The 5,000-year history of the upper and lower levels is basically known, and the 24 histories only read the historical records and the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms. Reading historical records is to learn history when I was in junior high school, and I directly bought historical records to read. After reading the Romance of the Three Kingdoms book and the TV series, I bought the Romance of the Three Kingdoms to compare.

Suppose you have the level of Zeng Guofan, and you can read 3,000 words a day, no matter how windy or rainy a day is during the New Year, then how long does it take to read the 24 histories? I did the math, and it was about thirty-six years.

However, the general history is actually not easy to read, such as the famous Bai Shouyi's "General History of China", a total of 12 volumes, 22 volumes, about 14 million words.

If you meet a person today who says he has read the Twenty-Four History, you'd better not believe it.

A history of China is a history of the integration of various ethnic groups into a pluralistic and integrated Chinese nation, and a history of all ethnic groups jointly creating, developing, and consolidating a unified great motherland. China has been a multi-ethnic country since ancient times, and China's unity and vast territory were jointly created and developed by all ethnic groups in China. China's cultural history is also jointly created by China's 56 ethnic groups and their ancestors in the course of thousands of years of development.

Among them, the Han nationality occupies a dominant position, and each ethnic minority has made its own contribution. After thousands of years of glorious ancient agricultural civilization, Chinese society slowly developed to the Qing Dynasty. At this time, the situation in China and the world has undergone tremendous changes, and there have been so-called "unprecedented changes".

This change has put forward two very serious and urgent new historical issues for the Chinese, namely: resisting foreign aggression and striving for the independence of the country and the nation; Conform to the trend of world modernization and realize the comprehensive transformation of Chinese society. It has been more than 70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Over the past 70 years, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Republic of China has continued to make unremitting efforts and arduous explorations to achieve the prosperity of the country and the all-round progress of society, to build a strong and modern country, and to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

"Five Thousand Years Up and Down" is relatively simple and can only be used as an introductory book for history buffs. Textbooks for secondary schools and universities are also good textbooks for learning history, while books such as Outline of Chinese History and General History of China focus too much on academic research and omit too many important historical details.

A book that can be used to understand Chinese history in detail: "Popular Romance of the Chinese Past Dynasties 12 Volumes".

Method] 1. Learn history, the most basic, you have to learn vertical comparison and horizontal comparison. The so-called longitudinal comparison is to be accustomed to comparing the historical events of a certain country and a certain region from ancient times to the present; The so-called horizontal comparison is to get used to comparing the historical events of one country and region with the historical events of other countries and regions in the same period. During the comparison process, special attention should be paid to finding common ground, so that it is much easier to remember.

2. Be good at summarizing and summarizing. It is necessary to summarize a type of event from ancient times to the present, or the achievements of certain aspects of an era, etc., record them with special notes, and memorize them according to the inductive aspects, which can not only improve the speed of memory, but also improve the quality of memory, and even help you analyze and solve problems.

3. Carefully comprehend the teacher's problem-solving ideas and the problem-solving methods of the students around you, carefully figure it out, be good at imitating, as long as you have a clear historical event in your heart, you will naturally be handy when you start the problem.

4. Strive to read more original historical materials. For example, if you want to study ancient Chinese history well, you have not been exposed to ancient historical masterpieces such as "Historical Records" and "Zizhi Tongjian", and it is really not enough to just read history books written by later generations. Of course, you don't want to make history your major, and it depends on your time and energy to read more and less, but it is possible that it is beneficial to read more, at least not to be led by others by the nose and not to believe in those irresponsible nonsense.

5. Combine the study of history with the observation of current affairs and politics in the world and at home, and find those who can find the root cause from history, so that the study will be more practical.

PS: Studying Chinese history and rushing for quick success is probably not a good attitude towards learning history.

I think that as a Chinese, every piece of Chinese history is worth learning, Chinese history has glory and shame, our ancestors were brilliant, we should be even more brilliant, our ancestors had shame, we cannot let the shame reappear.