The link between urban planning and peri urban development

What is the relationship between urban planning and suburban areas? You want to be more precise about this question, and I will briefly say it according to my understanding.

In the process of urban planning, the scope of urban planning areas will be delineated, generally including the suburbs and other urban development needs to control the land, the suburbs are often the boundary areas of the current urban construction land and other land, that is, there are urban features and rural features, the two are mixed together, often called "urban-rural junction" by the public.

The development of suburban areas is a practical problem faced in the process of urban development, due to the different location and land value, the development of suburbs is often slower than that of the central area of the city, the development momentum is insufficient, and the appearance is often more chaotic. This is a normal problem, and the suburbs tend to be dynamic areas, where the original suburbs will become cities after a few years, and the former suburbs will become suburbs.

In the past, cities often improved the environmental appearance of the suburbs by means of environmental improvement, which was a way to treat the symptoms but not the root cause. The development of the suburbs cannot gain stronger momentum, but can only be a temporary improvement in appearance. Now more through the expansion of new urban areas, through the formulation of urban industrial development strategy, traffic conditions improvement, leapfrog development, the use of urban means of multi-party financing to transform the suburbs, so that the suburbs can be rapidly transformed, the formation of land expansion, population agglomeration, industrial upgrading, location optimization, in order to promote the urbanization of the suburbs.

The core is that the suburbs are always a dynamic change concept, the suburbs are always there, it is necessary to exist, he is to define the edge of urban construction land and other land, with the continuous improvement of the level of urbanization, the improvement of the economic level, the suburbs and other areas of the city The gap between the appearance of the suburbs and other areas of the city will gradually be eliminated, and the development mentality of quick success and quick profit must not be.

Urban planning sets the direction for urban development and ensures that the city develops healthily and rapidly, without chaos.

What are the hidden dangers of the functions and planning of urban suburbs?

Functions: 1) Provide a good ecological environment for urban areas and improve the microclimate;

2) Provide distribution space for urban facilities. Such as municipal, transportation, energy, etc.;

3) Provide agricultural and sideline products for urban areas;

4) as a recreation base for citizens;

5) Accept the evacuated population in urban areas;

6) Coordinate the economic development of the urban area.

Planning content: 1) determine the scope and boundaries of the suburbs;

2) arranging urban facilities and engineering projects suitable for construction in the suburbs;

3) land planning for non-staple food production;

4) Township industrial planning;

5) suburban settlement planning;

6) Road network planning.

Ichiyu Junji) understands the natural geographical conditions.

Natural geographical conditions such as geology, geomorphology, climate, hydrology, soil, and vegetation are the first of all human living environment, which affects the formation and development of cities by affecting population distribution. Generally speaking, the regularity of the geographical distribution of large cities is more typical.

2) Master the geographical location.

Baransky once defined geographical location as the sum total of something that objectively exists outside of a certain place. The geographical location of a city is the specific point at which the natural, economic, political and other objective things outside the city and its exterior are combined in space.

The particularity of the geographical location of the city often determines the particularity of the functional nature and the particularity of the scale of the city.

1 Types of urban geographies.

1) Large, medium, and small positions.

2) Center, center of gravity position and adjacency, portal location.

2 The location type of the city along the traffic line into % test large % long.

River transportation was the main factor in the formation of early cities, and in terms of riverside cities, it can be divided into six location types: shipping terminals; cascade transfer points; river confluences; meandering location; Location of the crossing point and estuary.

The construction of railways can promote the prosperity and prosperity of cities along the line, and may inhibit the development of other cities.

With the advent of the automobile age, the large-scale construction of highways and the development of fast and efficient air transportation, modern means of transportation are rapidly changing the geographical location of cities and promoting the formation of international metropolises.

In addition to the natural geographical conditions, geographical location and transportation conditions, the socio-economic and historical foundation, information technology conditions and the level of regional economic development are also conditions that cannot be ignored for urban development.

Urban planning. Very important for the city.

Urban planning is the comprehensive deployment of various facilities of the city, is a measure to study the future development and layout of the city, is an important part of urban management, and plays an important role in the construction of the city, the planning and operation of the city.

Urban planning plays a very important role in the economic and social development goals of the city, and it can be used to determine the direction of the development of the city, the size and nature of the city. Analyze the characteristics of the whole city in detail, such as the economic situation, the objective conditions of human conditions, and make a better development plan for the city. In this way, it is more possible to make comprehensive and unified arrangements for the city's land use, space, layout, infrastructure, etc.

There are plans for the construction of facilities for transportation, landscaping and environmental protection.

The information that urban planning needs to reflect is very complex, if there is no intuitive display method, it can not make an effective plan in more detail, and the urban planning model can intuitively reflect the basic information of the city, such as the city's transportation, location, surrounding environment, urban layout and other information, which will help people to further understand the city, intuitively reflect the planning and construction of the city, so as to more accurately formulate the future development plan of the city. How to show the effect of urban planning more simply and directly, which requires the production of urban planning sand table, which uses the internal photoelectric effect of the model to perfectly combine the stage lighting.

The lighting effects and sound effects of the audio equipment express the current situation and planning of the region with a visually striking artistic language, and perfectly present the urban planning.

In the early stage of urban development, the expansion from the urban area to the surrounding suburbs was more often adopted. However, much of the development of modern large urban areas is the construction of satellite towns or industrial towns in the suburbs, forming a multi-level and multi-center urban system. As a result, the suburbs of large cities often become areas where cities redistribute their population and productivity.

Until the early 80s, the industrial structure of China's urban suburbs was largely agricultural, and this situation is changing as the economy develops. The suburbs of large cities in some of China's more economically developed regions have seen a process of industrialization and urbanization.

In the economically developed countries of the world, due to the popularity of automobiles, the development of suburban highways and other rapid transportation, the conditions for the urban population to move to the suburbs have been provided. Coupled with the good environmental quality of the suburbs, since the 50s, a large number of urban populations have migrated to the suburbs in the United States and some countries in Western Europe. Some large cities have seen the decline of the downtown area and the urbanization of the suburbs.

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2. The origin and development of the city.

As a result of the development of agriculture, long-term settled villages began to form. According to archaeological data, the long-term settlement of the rural network was formed about 10,000 years ago, and its earliest appearance was in the Near East. At the time, these rural settlements were relatively small, rarely exceeding 200 people, and the inhabitants may have been closely related to each other.

According to archaeological finds, there were some early villages in Western Asia. For example, the Yemo site, located 60 kilometers east of Kirkuk in northeastern Iraq, is an early agricultural village in Western Asia, with an area of about hectares, belonging to the potteryless stage, and is dated to about 7000-6100 BC. The house is rectangular in shape, with clay walls, divided into small chambers, and the floor and roof are probably made of reeds and covered with mud.

The ruins were found with wheat, beans, etc., as well as the bones of domesticated goats and sheep. All this proves that it has entered the stage of agricultural economy. The population of the village is estimated to have been around 150 at the time.

In addition, about 15 kilometers northwest of the mouth of the Jordan River, the remains of Jericho were found, which are of the same age as the Jemo site or slightly later, and are pre-pottery and Neolithic. The area of the site is 4 hectares. The houses are adobe round houses with high stone walls around the village.

According to the size estimates, the village has about 2,000 people.

As such villages develop gradually, they may evolve into cities. In the southern Mesopotamia neighborhood of your, the discovery of the ruins of Eridu proved to be the earliest city of man. It covers an area of about 8-10 hectares and has an estimated population of more than 4,000 people.

The houses were made of clay, but there were already walls made of bricks. More importantly, there is a temple in the center of the ruins, the four corners of which are facing each other. Since then, cities have gradually emerged as the source of civilization in the eastern and western hemispheres.

Suburbanization is the process by which the population of an urban population moves from the downtown area to the suburbs. International experience shows that residential suburbanization often precedes the suburbanization of other urban functions, such as the suburbanization of industry, commerce, services, and offices. The suburbanization of residential areas that began in the 1920s in the developed countries of the West was mainly caused by the deterioration of living conditions due to the high population density in the city center, and some middle-class people with economic strength and private transportation took the lead in moving to the suburbs with better living conditions.

According to the research of Zhou Yixing, Ning Yuemin and others, some large cities in China have begun to show signs of suburbanization in the 80s of the last century, and after entering the 90s, suburbanization, especially the suburbanization of residences, has become more obvious. Through the study of Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang, Dalian, Guangzhou and other large cities, it is shown that some large cities in China have entered the stage of suburbanization. Although the suburbanization of urban population is a necessary stage in the process of urban development, and is the result of the comprehensive effect of factors such as social and economic development, the improvement of transportation, and the increasing affluence of life, and has a general regularity, the causes and results of urban residential suburbanization are different due to the different social and economic development conditions, social systems, historical and cultural backgrounds, and urbanization levels of various countries.

Therefore, it has certain theoretical and practical significance for the study of urban suburbanization under the specific social system, socio-economic development level and urbanization stage in China. China has entered a rapid stage of urban development, but due to the impact of the planned economy period, there are many problems in China's urban construction. After the reform of the economic system, with the gradual increase of local rights, the reform of the urban land use system, the housing system and the household registration management system, China's cities have shown diversified development.

As an important part of suburbanization, the study of the development trend and dynamic mechanism of residential suburbanization, the migration behavior of residents in residential suburbanization and its impact on urban development is conducive to observing the process of urban suburbanization from more perspectives. Since the 80s of the last century, many famous scholars have put forward unique views on the suburbanization of China's large cities, but there are not many studies on the suburbanization of residence. Through the analysis of the development of residential suburbanization in the West, the dynamic mechanism of residential suburbanization in China, the general behavior of residents relocating, and the impact of residential suburbanization on the development of urban society in China are analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to guide the rational and healthy development of residential suburbanization in China.

With the acceleration of the world's urbanization process, cities have increasingly become the main body of human social and economic life. Under the conditions of information economy and knowledge economy, due to the global diffusion and integration of economic activities, the spatial distribution and functional organization of cities are undergoing major adjustments. As far as China's situation is concerned, a number of urban agglomerations, urban belts, urban circles, and metropolitan areas are constantly emerging, and they have shown a very strong momentum of accelerated development.

Cities are the products of human socio-economic and cultural development to a certain stage. The cause and time of the origin of the city and its role are still inconclusive in the academic community. It is generally believed that the emergence of cities is based on the fact that the social productive forces can meet people's basic survival needs, and there is still a surplus product as its basic condition.

A city is a social, political, economic, and cultural center within a certain geographical area. The formation of cities is a leap forward in the history of human civilization.

The development of cities is a process of continuous evolution of the human living environment, and it is also a process in which human beings consciously and unconsciously plan and arrange the living environment. At the site of Jiangzhai, a Neolithic settlement in the north of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, China, our ancestors used primitive technical conditions in the selection of the village, land use, building layout and orientation arrangement, the development of public space and the construction of defense facilities, and skillfully managed to build a living environment suitable for the social structure of the time. It can be considered that this is the germ of living environment planning.

Task. The tasks of urban planning are: to lay out the urban system according to the national urban development and construction guidelines, economic and technological policies, long-term plans for national economic and social development, regional planning, as well as the natural conditions, historical conditions, current characteristics and construction conditions of the area where the city is located; determine the nature, size and layout of the city; unified planning and rational use of urban land; Comprehensively deploy the city's economic, cultural, infrastructure and other constructions to ensure the orderly and coordinated development of the city, so that the development and construction of the city can obtain good economic, social and environmental benefits.

The common and basic task of urban planning in all countries: to meet the needs of socio-economic development and ecological protection through the rational organization of spatial development. Proceeding from the overall and long-term interests of the city, the allocation of urban space resources should be rational and orderly; Through the allocation of spatial resources, improve the operational efficiency of the city and promote economic and social development; Ensure the harmony of the city's economy, society and ecological environment, and enhance the sustainability of urban development; Establish various guidance mechanisms and control rules to ensure that all construction activities are consistent with urban development goals; Promote the orderly and healthy operation of the urban real estate market through the provision of information.