I would like to participate in the National Astronomy Competition for Middle School Students, what d

Hello landlord! I am also a student participating in the National Astronomy Olympiad, and what I need to prepare for the competition:

Subscribe to "Astronomy Lovers", because many astronomical news questions and Messier celestial questions are the first monthly astrological tests in "Astronomy Lovers", especially the preparation for the preliminary round;

Preliminary round: You have to subscribe to the "Astronomy Lovers" magazine (with the title on it); Basic Astronomy--Liu Xuefu.

Semi-finals: "New Horizons in Astronomy and Physics" - Kutner.

Interested in reading again: Popular Astronomy - Simon. Newcom.

What to memorize and what to know:

1. If you want to learn Messier celestial bodies, you can do the questions of the past 5 years to see which Messier celestial bodies are often tested and remember these, because other very unpopular Messier will not be tested basically, you don't need to spend so much time.

2. The use of astronomical telescopes, as well as the basic role of telephoto lenses, equatorial mounts, etc., should be understood.

3. Important astrological and astronomical events of the previous year and this year, such as Shenzhou and Tiangong, and the recent Mars probe "Curiosity", these are definitely tested, and the preparation method is to subscribe to "Astronomy Lovers" and regularly go to Sina, NetEase, etc. to learn about astronomical news.

4. The planets in the solar system and their key moons, such as Europa is the largest moon in the solar system, and the orbital direction of Venus is different from that of other planets in the solar system.

Other memories can basically only be accumulated by oneself.

In addition to the above, you must also know the operation of astronomical telescopes, the key content in "Basic Astronomy".

What is the star chart and what is measured is a weakness because you don't observe it often, right? If you want to start from the basics, as said on the first floor, I also recommend you to ** a stellarium, you will find that this software teaches you many, many misunderstandings of your original understanding, very good software; Then it is important to observe with a telescope and find the feeling to find confidence.

To summarize your question, I would like to remind you to do more questions, because the "what you remember and what you will know" can tell you on the topic. In the end, I have to rely on my own diligent practice and memory, and I wish you all the best to enter the National Astronomy Competition for Middle School Students!

If you still have questions, please feel free to ask!

Do you really have a hobby? If yes, that's great, I hope you can ** a stellarium, a good astronomical simulation software, the latest version is, multi-use will be familiar to you. You can also identify the stars by looking at the starry sky at night, and you will gradually feel fun.

I used to go to astronomy class and didn't learn much, but this software is still fresh in my memory, and now I have benefited a lot.

Summary. There are several channels for junior high school students to participate in astronomical competitions:1

On-campus organization: Some schools will organize astronomy interest groups or science and technology clubs, hold astronomical competitions on a regular basis, or participate in astronomical competitions outside the school. 2.

National Competition: The National Youth Astronomy Academic Competition is one of the largest astronomical competitions in China, which is held nationwide every year. Junior high school students can participate by enrolling.

There are several channels for junior high school students to participate in astronomical competitions:1On-campus organizations:

Some schools organize astronomical interest groups or science and technology clubs, hold astronomical competitions on a regular basis or participate in astronomical competitions outside the school. 2.Local competitions:

The National Youth Astronomy Academic Competition is one of the largest astronomical competitions in China, and it is carried out nationwide every year. Junior high school students can participate by enrolling. 4.

In addition to the above channels, junior high school students can also learn about astronomy and participate in astronomical competitions by participating in summer camps, popular science activities, science and technology competitions, etc. In addition, junior high school students can also follow some astronomy enthusiast organizations or forums to communicate with other astronomy enthusiasts and improve their astronomical knowledge and skills.

How to sign up, and what are the other ways besides the school?

How to register for the contest.

Astronomy Amateur Association: In some places, there are associations or clubs of astronomy enthusiasts who organize various astronomical events and competitions, including astronomical knowledge competitions. You can contact your local astronomy enthusiast association or club to find out how to sign up.

At present, I am in the first year of junior high school, and I will be promoted to the second year of junior high school in the next semester, and my geography grades are good.

I don't know what it is.

I don't know what it is.

Astronomical magazines such as "Tiansoi Staring Mengwen" and "Astronomical Guide" often publish news of astronomical competitions and report bridge names. 2.Astronomy Forum:

Some professional astronomy forums also have posts about astronomical competitions, through which you can get relevant information.

There are a lot of books recommended upstairs, and I have read many of them. But it is estimated that after seeing so many of them, the landlord also feels tired. And the landlord's goal seems to be relatively clear, the Astronomical Olympiad, and many books are not very targeted.

The first book to read is the physics book of the first year of high school, and one of them about gravitation and centrifugal force must be thoroughly understood. In China (even if you go to the IAO), these problems can be calculated with elementary mathematics and physics knowledge in high school (calculus is completely useless).

There are a lot of books recommended upstairs, and I would like to recommend a "Astronomy Enthusiast's Handbook". It can be said that I only read this book thoroughly in high school, and I felt that the knowledge of Olympiad in theory was almost natural.

There was also a magazine that advised the landlord to order "Astronomy Lovers". Because the Astronomy Olympiad will have about 10 timeliness questions, half of which are celestial phenomena, and the other half are recent astronomical discoveries. These are all extracted from the information of astronomy enthusiasts.

Astronomy must know how to observe, if the theory is good, but you can't find the Beidou Orion, it will definitely be a tragedy. Knowing the constellation is not an easy task, but it is also necessary, even if you are very good at theory and rely on theory to pass the preliminary round, but there is no observed score in the final is definitely a tragedy. At the very least, we should know the distribution of the second-magnitude stars in the sky, and the fact that the immortals are in the northwest of the Imperial Husband, and the northern crown is in the southeast of the Shepherd, these must be clarified.

Compulsory test every year (there is nothing you can do if you can't get the score questions....)）

Finally, let's go online and look for past exam papers. Subtract the time-limited questions and see how many points you can get on the theoretical side...If you can get 40 points on theory alone, it is very stable. Finally, don't be fooled, the wrong answer is reversed.

I'm not sure, find some related books, mainly as a hobby, and accumulate them on a daily basis.

Junior group: basic knowledge related to astronomy and the more important national and international astronomical news that has occurred in the past two years; astronomy-related content in primary and junior high school geography, physics or science textbooks; Identification of common constellations in the Northern Hemisphere; the basic concept of the celestial sphere; The basic concepts and simple applications of the solar apparent motion of celestial bodies and the annual apparent motion of the sun; a general concept of the celestial bodies of the solar system; moon phases and related contents; the simple concept of a solar and lunar eclipse; The basic concept of meteors; the concept of magnitude; the size and distance scale of celestial bodies, the definition and conversion of distance units commonly used in astronomy; The basic concept and simple use of optical astronomical telescopes.

Senior Age Group: In addition to the reference range required by the lower age group, the following content is added: astronomy-related content involved in secondary school geography, physics or science textbooks; the basic concepts and simple applications of the celestial sphere and the celestial coordinate system; time and calendar; the laws of motion and simple physical properties of the celestial bodies of the solar system; Principles and observations of solar and lunar eclipses; the application of the concept of magnitude; the concept and simple application of Héraut; determination of celestial distances; Principles of astronomical telescopes; Four Seasons Starry Sky; observation of deep-sky objects; Principles and observations of meteors, principles and observations of artificial celestial bodies.

I participated in the 07 Xiamen Olympiad, the sky is not beautiful, there is no field observation in the outdoors, can only be replaced indoors, a full-day star map for the constellation line, I believe this is still handy for the landlord. In October of that year, I participated in the second session of the competition in Ukraine, and it was much more difficult, such as asking "What is the closest first magnitude star to the constellation Dolphin?" There is also a question that gives you a 10-magnitude star map in the 10° celestial region, removing a bright star, and asking the answerer to make up for it (the answer is that the star map of Lyra has dug up the second gradual, and it seems that only Yang Yi of the Chinese team has done it right).

If the owner of the International Olympiad still has a number in mind, then he should have tried to pass the test in the familiarity of the starry sky.

When chatting with my friends, I learned that in addition to identifying the constellations, another important thing in the Olympiad observation is to draw important circles and lines on the celestial sphere, such as allowing you to point out the constant hidden circle, the constant visible circle, the ecliptic, and the equator. As for the use of telescopes, it is actually not easy to test, because once investigated, the cost of organization will be greatly increased, and the time of assessment will be increased a lot, and the celestial bodies looking for are nothing more than the moon, Jupiter, M45 and other familiar celestial bodies, but the familiarity of the telescope is compared, and it is at most used as an examination question. Even if you can't use it, it doesn't hurt.

Finally, I would like to remind the landlord that the star map of the whole day does not mean that he is familiar with the starry sky, and he wants to talk about the constellations for the first time in his heart, and he came to the sky of the community to look at it, and suddenly found that he was still lost. The sky and the star map are opposite, dynamic, and there will be many subjective misunderstandings (for example, at that time, I thought that the celestial equator should be high overhead, why is the southern constellation Lepus, Pigeon so bright?). ）。

This aspect is not too difficult to make up, I live in the most prosperous city in the country Shanghai, still in the garden of the community familiar with the four seasons of the starry sky, other provinces and cities in the country, in this hardware conditions, will definitely make me a little envious.

The best way is to practice, find a few years of past problems, and try how much you can make yourself. In addition, the most fundamental and sublime charm of astronomy lies in that vast field of stars. An astronomer once said that the charm of this discipline lies in "learning to be humble and pursuing progress", and its beauty is more clear and quiet, and more elegant and common appreciation.

It's just that I memorized the star map, and I thought that it was a bit of a "relict of the stars".

Let's nag these first, just for the landlord's reference.

The observation questions in the finals of the National Astronomy Olympiad for middle school students need to test the basic knowledge of astronomy and observation practice. Although you can memorize the all-day star map, you have never used a telescope and have no observation practice, so you still lack some of them. You can go to Shepherd Astronomy**, Xingyou Space Station, and Astronomy** to find previous exam questions and refer to them.

Moon phases, Big Dipper, constellations, experiments, diagrams, the rotation of the earth, the changing of the seasons, etc. I won't get it the first time, hehe.

Moon Phase: I don't agree with memorizing any mantras. Personally, there are two things:

1.The New Moon rises and sets at the same time, after which the Moon rises 50 minutes each day, and the day is a cycle of 2The bright side of the moon is always facing the sun, and the farther away from the sun, the brighter side becomes.

Also, pay attention to the causes of solar and lunar eclipses.

Beidou, starry sky: this thing can't be done overnight, in high school, it took a whole year to make friends with the stars in the sky in order to know the constellations, and every sunny night I will see me looking up at the starry sky in the small garden of the community, which is one of my best memories in high school. If you want to make it quickly, remember the signs of the four seasons of the starry sky:

Large diamonds in spring, large triangles in summer, quadrilaterals in autumn, and hexagons in winter. But even if you memorize it well on the star chart, you will still get lost in the sky.

Experiment: I don't know what astronomical experiments can do. Looking for a celestial object with a telescope? Or observe the light curve of a variable star? What is the spectrum of celestial bodies? Astronomical experiments seem to be at a distance from the average hobbyist.

I don't know if it's the actual test question when I participated in the Astronomy Olympiad, but to put it bluntly, it's data processing. For example, give you a lot of information about the light period and absolute magnitude of Cepheid variables, let you fit the light curve, and then do what to do. I've really seen this and it's just speculation.

Drawing: The first reaction is to draw constellations, if you take this test, it is usually accumulated. To be honest, I don't know what else to test, the cause of your solar and lunar eclipses? Umbra, Penumbra, Pseudoumbra? Or is it the precession of celestial bodies? Proper motion? It's not too probable, right?

The earth's repentance and the change of the seasons: to put it bluntly, it is classified in two points: 1Celestial Sunday Movement 2Celestial Anniversary Movement.

As for the information, the landlord can refer to the encyclopedia. It's long, although the logic is confusing, there is a lot of repetition, and there are some imperfections.

If you want to have a star map, you can take a look at the "all-day star map", and the star map of the star friend space station is still good.

Now I get the 120 points that the landlord just gave, and I'm relieved. Come on, landlord, astronomy is accumulated over time, after the exam, remember to go to see the starry sky every clear night, it will definitely become a good memory of your own dancing spoon year.