Zhu Ziqing s On the Temperament refers to

The "festival" and "qi" in the solar terms are two different concepts, the beginning of spring, the startling, the Qingming, the beginning of the summer, the mangzhong, the small summer, the beginning of the autumn, the white dew, the cold dew, the beginning of the winter, the small cold belong to the "festival", and the remaining twelve rain-type stupid hunger water, spring equinox, valley rain, small man, summer solstice, great heat, summer heat, autumn equinox, frost, light snow, and big cold stalls belong to its "qi". The first half of each month of the lunar month belongs to the category of festivals, and the second half belongs to the category of divination and qi.

1. Qingtang is a Chinese word that refers to upholding justice and people's ambition and discipline.

2. In the turmoil of fate, it is easy to see a person's integrity. It refers to people's ambition and discipline. The quality of upholding justice and not giving in to enemies or pressure.

Chaowen said, death at night", revealing the source of integrity; "Bow down and do your best, and then die", which summarizes the expansion of integrity; "The hero's life and death road is like a grand tour", the abstract is the sublimation of integrity. The integrity and belief that have been cultivated, carried forward and passed down from generation to generation are the soul and backbone of the Chinese nation that has supported the Chinese nation for thousands of years.

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Refers to people's ambition and discipline explained in detail (1).Ambition, discipline. "Historical Records: The Biography of Ji Zheng Lie":

Qing Tang Zhen "Hidden Book: The Lord": The world's fashion is a straight man; The world is still meritorious, and it is a talent. Guo Moruo, "Qu Yuan" Act I:

In this era of war, a person's integrity is very important. ” 2).solar terms; Seasonal.

The Book of the Later Han Dynasty and the Biography of the Western Regions: If it is a tribute to the advantages of the vulgar nature and wisdom, the regional products of the production of goods, the basic source of the river barriers, and the ...... of the cool and summer of the air festivalDon't write about the situation, and seek the truth. Jin Taoqian, "Persuading Farmers":

The temperament is easy to pass, but it is difficult to be harmonious. Jin Yuanhao asked the poem "Shaolin in the Rain": "Three days of rain in Xitang, the temperament becomes Xiaosen."

See also " Twenty-four solar terms ".

Words are divided into stools.

Explanation of Qi Qi (气) ì is an object that does not have a definite shape, volume, and can be freely dispersed: gas. Breathe:

It's out of gas. Syncope. Gasp.

Breath. Coherent. Cold, ambiguous, cloudy, sunny and other phenomena in nature:

Climate. Temperature. Meteorology.

Smell in the nose: Smell . Stench.

The state of mind of a person: the interpretation of the qi knots (knots) é bamboo or the part of the stem of the plant that branches and grows leaves: the bamboo knot.

Extraneous branches. The segmentation of an object or the part between two segments that are connected: the joint.

Two carriages. Paragraphs, matters: section by section (paragraph by paragraph, step by step).

Program. The Chinese calendar divides the year into twenty-four segments, each of which begins with a name.

The so-called "integrity" refers to the quality of not giving in to the face of enemies or difficult pressures for the sake of one's own ideals and beliefs, for the sake of justice.

For thousands of years, the Chinese nation has always attached great importance to integrity, and over the past thousands of years, many people with lofty ideals and national heroes have emerged who stress moral conduct and maintain integrity, and the stories of "not bending over five buckets of rice" and "not eating the food that comes to us" have become well-known stories.

The source was not found, but there was such a sentence in an article introducing Xie Zhending: "Negative Jingshi Cai, Shang Qi Festival." ”

On Seriousness: "Seriousness" is the value standard set by the new literary camp, which is used to judge whether the taste, attitude and tendency of literary creation are appropriate, reasonable, and healthy. During the May Fourth period, the new school of Biting literary critics began to use the yardstick of "seriousness" to judge literary phenomena.

They are fighting against what they perceive as bad tendencies on two fronts: one is to oppose the traditional "Tao with literature", believing that although "Tao" is serious, it is old-fashioned seriousness, rigid persistence, and may even be pretended seriousness; The second is to oppose the common tendency of "pastime" in both old and new literature, because it exudes the flavor of inhumanity, passivity, irresponsibility, and low style. After serious work, "seriousness" was accepted by mainstream writers and became a weighty category. However, this criterion or scale was actually quite complex and had not yet been perfectly explained in the late forties.

Zhu Ziqing. Aware of the complexity of the issue, and having some views on the literary situation during and after the war is over; He thinks a lot, he thinks deeply, and he wants to look at "serious" issues from multiple angles. Hence the publication of "On Seriousness".

The author rightly points out that since "seriousness" is a standard, it is not a fixed iron ruler, and its meaning is not the same in different times and in people with different ideological tendencies. In order to better understand it and use it, it is necessary to grasp its rheological process from the clues of literary development. As a result, Mr. Zhu patiently stated various views on "seriousness".

They are either in the form of theories or in practice. In a nutshell, there is the "seriousness" of the ancient in the ancient and the "seriousness" of the modern in the modern era. In ancient times, "serious" was roughly equal to "elegant" or "elegant", to distinguish it from "vulgar" and "evil".

The orthodox ancient literati required that all people in their compositions should be elegant and upright, so as not to commit crimes, not to resent, not to follow customs, and not to go against the Tao.

Modern "seriousness" is more complex and subtle. The crux of the essay "On Seriousness" is actually to distinguish "seriousness" in the modern sense. According to his insightful analysis, the modern word "serious" actually has two meanings and two usages.

First, out of the idea of literary enlightenment, the work of instilling new ideas and new culture in readers is recognized as a "serious" business, as opposed to the style of pastime plaything; The second is the action of striving for the independence of literature, believing that literature is literature, it is art, not a skill, so any practice of implementing the spirit of literary independence is "serious". The former can be said to be a new type of carrying the road, while the latter is more modern in comparison. Mr. Zhu expressed a tolerant understanding of both ways, but he had more good feelings and stronger recognition of the spirit of striving for literary independence and literary consciousness in modern literature, because it was a serious face to life and demanded self-expression and emancipation.

The article "On Seriousness" focuses on analysis and traceability, and explains more clearly all aspects of the "serious" standard. As for what kind of "seriousness" is more reasonable and worthy of approval, the author has hints, but he is unwilling to judge directly. In doing so, he avoids judging complex phenomena that can easily lead to arbitrariness and appear calm and objective.

The spring rain shocks the spring and the valley sky, the summer is full of mangs and the summer and summer are connected, the autumn dew and autumn frost fall, the winter snow and snow and the winter are small and cold

This is the combined name of "jie" and "qi", which is the twenty-four solar terms.

Every other is a knot, and the other is a qi. That is, the former is a knot, and the latter is qi. "Beginning of spring" is the festival, and the rain is the air; The sting is the festival, and the spring equinox is the air; Qingming is the festival, and the valley rain is the air; Lixia.

It's a festival, Xiaoman.

for gas; Push in turn.