Why silk has a natural luster 10

In terms of the chemical composition of silk, silk contains long fibers and sericin, mulberry silk.

It is to plant mulberry and raise silkworms.

The silk drawn from the cocoon of the knot, this silk is white and slightly yellow, delicate and smooth to the touch, and has a faint smell unique to animal fibers.

from a single cocoon.

The drawn silk strip is called cocoon silk, which is made up of two single fibers bonded and coated with sericoid. The cocoon silk of several silkworm cocoons is extracted and wrapped with sericin bonding, including mulberry silk and tussah silk.

It is collectively referred to as silk. Silk with sericin removed is called refined silk. Using them as raw materials, they can be processed into various types of fabrics on looms.

Silk quilt. It refers to the mulberry silk quilt, which is mulberry silk, and the mulberry silkworm is mulberry leaves.

The staple food of domestic silkworms, the silk spit out by the mulberry silkworm is white and yellow, delicate and smooth, and the quilt made of this silk is soft and close. The fluffiness, warmth, and air permeability of mulberry silk quilts are better than those of tussah silk quilts, and their service life is longer than that of tussah silk quilts.

Silk fibers consist of two triangular or semi-elliptical threads of fibroin with an oval cross-section. Silk fiber is protein fiber, sericin and silk fibroin are its main components, of which silk fibroin accounts for about 3 4, sericin accounts for about 1 4.

3 .1. The morphological and structural characteristics of silk are lustrous, which is an important appearance property of fiber.

The strength of the gloss is mainly determined by the reflection of light by the fibers. The main factors affecting the luster of fibers are the longitudinal morphology, cross-sectional shape and lamellar structure of fibers. The morphological structure of silk has the following characteristics:

Most of the fiber cross-sections have the appearance characteristics close to triangular; It is a filament fiber with a typical fibrillary structure, from the fibrils arranged in parallel in the fiber to the fiber in the filament, all of which have a layered arrangement. The fibrils in the fibers intersect with each other to form a mesh-like structure, and the mesh size between the fibrils is roughly similar to the wavelength of visible light. The characteristic sericin-silk fibroin two-component structure is arranged in roughly parallel layers in the fibers and provides 2 different refractive indices.

3 .2 The luster characteristics of silk Silk is recognized as the best luster fiber. Therefore, the luster of silk has the following characteristics:

The whole reflected light is stronger, and the positive reflected light is more, so the glossy sense is strong; The proportion of internal reflected light is high, and it has a certain dispersion and diffraction reflection effect, so the luster is gorgeous and soft; The transmitted light may form a total reflection, so it has a brilliant light-speed effect; The distribution of the reflected light intensity along the fiber surface is relatively neat, so the gloss is uniform.

Silk has a beautiful luster that no other fiber can match. Elegant and pleasing to the eye, especially after removing sericin, the luster is more beautiful. This is due to the triangular cross-section of silk and its layered structure.

Silk is a very fine protein fiber, and the silk we usually see spit out by silkworms is not a single one, but a multi-strand composite silk. If the sericin coated with water is boiled off, it will be subdivided into dozens of finer monofilaments.

At present, there are a lot of tussah silk on the market made of mulberry silk, and then the silk quilts, clothes, etc. are sold in **, which are just the black hearts of bad merchants. So how to distinguish mulberry silk from tussah silk? What is the difference between mulberry silk and tussah silk?

Difference Between Mulberry Silk and Tussah Silk:

First, ** is different. Generally speaking, mulberry silk is mainly the silk spit out by artificially bred silkworms in the south; And Tussah silk is the silk spit out by wild silkworms artificially stocked in the north. The labor cost of breeding mulberry silk is much higher than that of tussah silk, so the ** of mulberry silk is also much higher than that of tussah silk.

Second, the color of the cocoon is different. The silkworms are cultivated at home, so the color of the mulberry silkworm cocoons after the mulberry silkworms form cocoons is very white and looks natural; The silk is cultivated in the wild, so the color of the cocoon is burnt yellow.

Third, the color of silk is different. Because the silk of mulberry silk itself is white, it is very natural; The silk of tussah silk is burnt yellow and has to be bleached during processing, so it is very unnatural.

Fourth, the toughness and length of silk are different. Mulberry silk is artificially cultivated, and silk is a long fiber, which has superior elasticity and toughness; Tussah silk is a staple fiber, and its elasticity and toughness are relatively poor.

Fifth, the processing method is different. Mulberry silk with superior elasticity and toughness Sun Lao is suitable for sophisticated handmade, and handmade silk weaving ** is more expensive; Because of its poor condition, tussah silk is suitable for machine production and reduces costs.

In life, if you want to distinguish between mulberry silk and tussah silk, you can directly pull the silk to know whether it is mulberry silk or tussah silk. Generally speaking, mulberry silk is not easy to be torn off due to its good toughness.

When buying silk clothes or fabrics, some are marked with mulberry silk, and some are marked with silk, is silk the same as mulberry silk? Because the two are so similar, people often confuse them, and even think that they are the same thing, so, is silk silk?

Silk and mulberry silk are not the same, and their main differences are as follows:

1. Scope. The range of silk is relatively wide, in addition to including mulberry silk, including castor silk, tussah silk, cassava silk, etc., and mulberry silk is the natural fiber secreted after the cocoon of the mature silkworm, silk and mulberry silk is like the concept of water and mineral water.

2. Structure. Mulberry silk is a natural filament fiber, which is obtained after the solidification of silk mucus, while silk belongs to silk fibro fiber, and there are differences in the structure of the two.

3. Essence. Mulberry silk is more like a raw material, while silk is a fabric that has been processed, and the two are already different things, but under certain conditions, the two are equivalent things.

From this point of view, silk can include mulberry silk, which can be combined from mulberry silk, but it is not only mulberry silk, it may also be composed of other raw materials. Therefore, silk can be mulberry silk, it can not be mulberry silk, mainly depends on what the raw materials taken by the silk fabric are, and you can look at its raw material components when buying silk.

It consists of two monofilaments bonded and coated with sericoid. When reeling silk, the cocoon silk of several silkworm cocoons is pulled out and bonded into silk strips with sericin, which is collectively referred to as silk.

The silk that removes sericin is called refined silk. The largest amount of silk is mulberry silk, followed by tussah silk, and other silk has not formed a resource due to limited quantity. Silk is light and slender, the fabric has good luster, it is comfortable to wear, smooth and plump to the touch, poor thermal conductivity, moisture absorption and breathability, and is used to weave various satins and knitwear.

Geographical distinctions. Zhenze Town, Wujiang District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province (referred to as Suzhou silkworm) has been called "Wu Tou Yue Wei" since ancient times, and the sericulture industry in the town has always flourished since ancient times, and it is one of the five major mulberry towns in the south of the Yangtze River (one of the birthplaces of the ancient Silk Road).

The silk pieces unearthed from the Qianshanyang site in Wuxing, Zhejiang Province (now Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province) have a smooth and uniform surface, and the cross-section of the silk is triangular, indicating that the sericin has fallen off and should be the silk reeled in hot water. Qian Shanyang also unearthed a small broom made of grass stems, and the handle was tied with hemp rope, which is very similar to the silk reeling tool rope broom.

As the compound gradually absorbs water, the hydrophilic part of the aqueous solution of silk protein begins to bind and finally forms a chain. As the water continues to be absorbed, the silk chains come together to form nano-sized spherical particles, colloidal ions. These colloidal ions, in turn, combine to form a larger colloidal structure.

At this time, the colloids are still soluble in water, thus.

Silk is the fiber that silkworms spit out on mulberry trees. The larvae of the silkworm protect themselves in a cocoon of silkworms, each of which is a continuous 2,000-4,000 meter long silk before turning into a silkworm moth.

From cocoons to silk.

Silkworm cocoons gather in hot and humid air, moist and cold air will kill the larvae, and can not spit out silk, put the cocoons in hot water The cocoons will become soft or slowly into a slurry, the dirty surface layer will fall off, and finally expose the end of the silk, and then put the cocoons into the second vat, depending on the thickness of the silk, 4-12 cocoons can be entwined together. A single cocoon can produce 1-3 km of silk.

Types of silk.

Silk can be made into many kinds of fabrics, twill and satin silk are different fabrics formed due to different silk weaving methods.

Here are a few common silk fabrics::

Twill Shiny silk fabric with flat stripes.

Satin Silky fabric with a glossy front, and a dull back.

Double wrinkle Soft fabric, but not very smooth.

Chiffon A matte, transparent twisted pair fabric.

Jacquard is a fabric in the form of intricate weaving, which is shiny in some places and dull and rough in color. For example, yarn-dyed tie is made of silk threads of different colors.

Silk is known as the "fiber queen" or "soft **". Silk is rich in amino acids and proteins similar to those of the human body. Its structure and composition are different from other fibers, it not only has the characteristics of lightness, flexibility, toughness, light and cleanness, but also has strong hygroscopicity.

Breathable, abrasion-resistant, wrinkle-resistant and flame-resistant for added comfort.

The newly released GB T24252-2009 "Silk Quilt" national standard is based on the original "Silk Quilt" industry standard, and part of the original industry standard has been modified to become a national standard. The newly released national standards have made new regulations on the quality of silk quilts in terms of definition, packaging labeling regulations, grades, internal quality, appearance quality, process quality, etc. This standard is applicable to silk quilts made of mulberry silk cotton, oak Huzhi silk cotton as the main raw materials, and quilted with the tire sleeve (including machine sewing and manual sewing).

In addition, the standard clarifies that only the quilt with silk as the main filling can be called silk quilt, which is divided into two categories: pure silk quilt and mixed silk quilt. Among them, the silk beam elimination content of 100% is called pure silk quilt, and the silk content of 50% or more is mixed silk quilt.

Silk is a continuous long fiber formed by the coagulation of the silk liquid secreted by the mature silkworm when it forms a cocoon, also known as natural silk, which is a natural bridge fiber. People raise silkworms, when the silkworms form cocoons into pupa and are ready to feather into moths, the cocoons are boiled in boiling water and the silk is extracted. A cocoon can extract 800 to 1,200 meters of silk.

Silkworm chilada cocoon is mainly made of Mindanxin's fibrous protein fibrin, which is bonded with another protein, sericin, in addition to a small amount of oils, pigments, inorganic substances and so on. In raw silk, fibrin accounts for about 70 percent, and sericin accounts for about 22 percent. Fibrin is a kind of keratin, which is composed of amino acids, with glycine and alanine as the most, and the nitrogen of these two amino acids accounts for about 80% of the total nitrogen.