What is the phenomenon? What is the essence? What is the relationship between the two?

Phenomena are the superficial features of things and the external connections between those superficial features.

Essence is the fundamental nature of things, the relatively stable internal relationship between the constituent elements of things themselves, the basis of the external manifestations of things, and the special contradictions within things.

The relationship between phenomenon and essence is the unity of opposites.

First of all, essence and phenomenon are distinct and opposed to each other. Specifically, it is manifested in: (1) The essence is contained in the interior of things, which cannot be directly perceived by our senses, and depends on abstract thinking.

to be able to grasp; Phenomena, on the other hand, are exposed to the outside of things, which are superficial and can be directly perceived by our senses. (2) The essence is relatively stable, while the phenomenon is indeed changeable and ephemeral. The essence of a thing does not change until the fundamental contradiction of the thing is resolved; But phenomena can change without changing their essence.

3) Essence is the general and common thing in the same kind of phenomenon, and the phenomenon is the individual concrete manifestation of the essence. Therefore, the phenomenon is richer and more vivid than the essence; The essence is more universal and profound than the phenomenon. Second, the essence and the phenomenon are unified.

Specifically, it is manifested in: (1) Essence and phenomenon are interdependent. On the one hand, the essence of things must be expressed through phenomena, but the pure essence expressed through phenomena does not exist; On the other hand, any phenomenon is an expression of the essence of things.

There are no exceptions, whether true or false. There is no pure phenomenon that does not express the essence (2) The essence determines the phenomenon and is the basis for the existence of the phenomenon, and the generation and change of the phenomenon originate from the essence in the final analysis.

Phenomena can be seen with the naked eye, the essence is spirit, Hegel called the absolute spirit, a movement that controls all living things, in Schopenhauer's words, we can do what we want, but not what we think.

Why do we need to dichotomize phenomena and essences? Phenomena can be essences.

The phenomenon is the eye, and the essence is the mind, from sex to the mind.

Phenomenon and Essence: What is the topology in life?

Phenomena and essences are a pair of categories that reveal the relationship between the intrinsic connections and superficial characteristics of things.

1. Definition of Scope.

Phenomena are the superficial characteristics of things and their external connections.

Essence is the fundamental nature of things and the inner key skin of the basic elements of things.

2. Dialectical relationship.

The relationship between phenomenon and essence is the unity of opposites.

1. Opposites. Phenomena are external connections of things, which can be directly perceived by the human senses; And the essence is the internal connection of things, which can only be grasped by rational thinking.

Phenomena are changeable and ephemeral, but their essence is relatively stable.

Phenomena are individual, concrete things, while essence is general, common things in the same kind of phenomena.

2. Unification. Phenomena cannot be separated from essence, which is the internal basis of phenomena.

The essence cannot be separated from the phenomenon, and the current code image is the external manifestation of the essence.

3. Master the method of recognizing the essence through phenomena.

First, to observe a large number of vivid phenomena and to possess as much of a rich and real perceptual material as possible.

Copernicus not only drew on the results of other people's observations, but also insisted on astronomical observations for a long time before proposing the heliocentric theory.

Second, use scientific abstract methods to analyze and synthesize phenomenal materials.

Who discovered the three laws of planetary motion? German astronomer Kepler. His research was mainly based on the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe. Brahe insisted on observing for 20 years, but he was not good at theoretical thinking, leaving only a pile of data and no laws found.

The Dialectical Relationship between Phenomena and Essence (1) Phenomena and essences are opposites. There is a clear difference between the phenomenon and the essence. Manifestation is the external aspect of things, which is superficial, changeable, and colorful; Essence is the inner aspect of things, which is deep, relatively stable, relatively profound, and simple.

Thus phenomena can be known directly, while essence can only be known indirectly. (2) Phenomenon and essence are unified. 1. The two are interdependent.

Phenomena are essential phenomena, and essence is the essence of phenomena. That is to say, essence can only be manifested through phenomena, phenomena can only be manifestations of essence, and the relationship between them is that of manifestation and representation. Neither side can exist without the other, and actual existence is always the unity of opposition between phenomenon and essence.

2. The two are mutually implicit, and in fact, they are also mutually encompassing. It is very obvious that the essence resides in the phenomenon, because the phenomenon is the whole, and the essence is a part of the phenomenon, of course, a fundamental part. Conversely, essence also contains phenomena, because phenomena, although they are diverse and complex, are determined by essence and are already potentially contained in essence.

3. Phenomena and essences can be transformed into each other. The phenomenon of essential change should be understood as the manifestation of essence as a phenomenon. A specific person is undoubtedly the unity of essence and phenomenon, but its essence is also constantly manifested, that is, it is constantly transformed into a phenomenon.

The mutual transformation of phenomena and essence is the objective basis for the mutual transformation of perceptual and rational cognition. (3) Distinguishing between truth and illusion, illusion and illusion Truth is a phenomenon that expresses the essence from the front. Hometown is a false phenomenon, it is also a manifestation of essence, but it is a negative manifestation of essence under certain conditions.

Illusion is caused by hail caused by the error of human feelings, and belongs to the subjective category; Illusion is caused by various conditions of objective existence, it is a kind of phenomenon, and it belongs to the category of objectivity.

The dialectical relationship between phenomena and essence is: essence and phenomena are the basic categories of a pair of dialectics that reveal the interrelationship between the internal connection and the external manifestation of things. Essence is the internal connection of things, and it is the thing that determines the nature and development trend of things.

Phenomena are the external connections of things, the external manifestations of essence in all aspects. The essence and the phenomenon are opposites and unity.

1. The two are different from each other:

1. Phenomena are the external aspects of things, which are superficial, changeable, colorful, and superficial. Essence is the inner aspect of things, which is deep, relatively stable, simple, and profound.

2. Phenomena can be directly perceived by sensory organs, while essence can only be indirectly recognized by people using abstract thinking.

Second, the two are interrelated:

1. The two are interdependent, the essence can only be expressed through the phenomenon, the phenomenon can only be the manifestation of the essence, and the phenomenon and the essence are unified in the same kind of things.

2. Phenomena are the guide for people to understand the essential laws, and only when people understand the phenomena and use abstract thinking can they reveal the essential laws of things.

The relationship between the phenomenon and the essence The phenomenon is the essence on the surface and the times, and I think the relationship between the shoulder and the essence is still complementary and very important.