There are many types of microcomputers, which are mainly divided into desktops, notebooks, and whate

There are several ways to classify computers.

According to the number of bits of microprocessor, it can be divided into: 1 bit machine, 4 bit machine, 8 bit machine, 1 6 bit machine, 3 2 bit machine and 6 4 bit machine, etc.;

According to the structure, it can be divided into single-chip microcomputer and multi-chip microcomputer;

According to the assembly method, it can be divided into single-board machine and multi-board machine;

According to the shape and use characteristics, it can be divided into desktop microcomputer and notebook microcomputer and so on.

A microcontroller is the simplest microcomputer, which consists of only a VLSI integrated circuit, CPU, memory, IO interface circuit, and bus made on a very small chip. It can be developed using a simple development device. SCM has been widely used in intelligent instrumentation, household appliances and other embedded systems.

The scale of single-board computer is larger than that of single-chip microcomputer; Its CPU is a separate LSI chip, memory and.

The io interface circuits are also one or several LSI chips. These chips, together with a number of additional logic circuits and a simple keyboard, form a single board computer with a digital display mounted on a single printed circuit board. The single-board computer has a simple structure, low cost and good performance, and is often used as a control component for process control and various instruments, meters and devices.

Because of its various components to the user's view.

It can be seen and touched, easy to use, and easy to learn, so it is widely used as an experimental model for learning the principle of microcomputer.

A multi-board computer is commonly referred to as a desktop microcomputer, which is composed of a CPU chip, a memory chip, an IO interface circuit, an I0 adapter and necessary external devices (keyboard, c

RT monitors, disks and optical drives, etc.). C P U, R 0 M, R A M, I O ports are all installed on the system board (also known as the motherboard.

Above. There are also expansion slots on the system board for inserting memory boards and IO adapter boards to expand memory capacity and add peripherals. System board, expansion board, disk, optical drive, and system power supply.

Mounted in a square chassis, it is called the mainframe; Together with a keyboard and a CRT monitor, it forms a complete microcomputer. This kind of microcomputer can be used as a general-purpose machine for scientific computing and data processing, and can also be used as a special-purpose machine for real-time control and management.

A microcomputer typically consists of five parts: a controller, a combinator, a memory, an input device, and an output device. A microcomputer usually has a controller, an arithmetic unit, memory, an input device, and an output device, and it consists of five parts.

A microcomputer system generally consists of five parts, including an arithmetic unit controller, a CPU memory, and a control device input and output device. 1. The basic structure is composed of three parts: microprocessor (memory, IO interface, system bus) and peripheral equipment power supply.

2. Microcomputer is a bare metal based on microprocessor, equipped with memory, IO interface circuit and corresponding auxiliary circuit. Microcomputers are integrated on a single chip to form a microcontroller. A complete microcomputer system consists of two parts:

Hardware systems and software systems. The hardware of the system consists of combinators, controllers, memory (including memory, external memory, and cache), and various input and output devices, and operates in "instruction-driven" mode. 3.

The microcomputer software system includes system software and application software. System software, system software is used to manage and coordinate the hardware of a microcomputer, such as CPU, memory, and various peripherals, so that they work in an orderly and efficient manner. Application Software:

Application software is a functional software that realizes user needs for different applications, such as web pages on the Internet, MIS programs of various departments, application software of CIMS, and monitoring processes in production.

The differences between a microcomputer and an ordinary microcomputer are:

1. The structure is different. The single-chip microcomputer uses ultra-large-scale integrated circuit technology to integrate the functions of the best processor CPU, random access RAM, and read-only memory ROM with data processing capabilities into a silicon wafer, which is a small and perfect microcomputer system. Microcomputers, on the other hand, are small electronic computers composed of large-scale integrated circuits.

It is a bare metal based on a microprocessor, equipped with internal memory, input and output interface circuits, and corresponding auxiliary circuits.

2. The characteristics are different. The size of the single-chip microcomputer is relatively small, and the internal chip is a computer system, which has a simple structure, but perfect functions, is very convenient to use, can be used modularly, has a high degree of integration, and has strong reliability. Microcomputers, on the other hand, are small, flexible, cheap, and easy to use.

The integration of a microcomputer on a chip constitutes a monolithic microcomputer.

3. The application is different. SCM is mainly used in automated office, mechatronics, cutting-edge and national defense and military fields, aerospace fields, automotive electronic equipment, medical equipment fields, commercial marketing equipment, computer communications, home appliances fields, daily life and real-time control fields. Microcomputers are mainly used in machinery manufacturing technology, information processing, processing, transmission technology, automatic control technology, servo drive technology, sensor technology, software technology, etc.

From a professional point of view, a microcomputer also belongs to a microcomputer.

They are the relationship between "apples" and "fruits".

In layman's terms: a single-chip microcomputer is just an integrated circuit chip with a small size.

The features are simple, but they are sufficient.

And a microcomputer, the average person refers to: a person who hasComputer form factorof smart devices.

Such as: desktops, laptops, tablets, mobile phones, dash cams, etc.

Don't forget to adopt.

The classification of computers can be divided into giants, mainframes, minicomputers, microcomputers, servers and workstations according to their characteristics.

By computer performance.

1) Jumbo machine.

The supercomputer, also known as the supercomputer, is the highest-performing, most powerful, extremely fast, huge storage, complex structure, and most expensive of all computers. Its floating-point arithmetic speed is now up to petaflops per second.

2) Mainframe.

The mainframe is a type of computer with the strongest general-purpose performance, second only to the giant machine in terms of function, speed and storage, and it is customary to call it the mainframe in foreign countries. The mainframe has a relatively complete instruction system and abundant external equipment, and a strong ability to manage and process data, which is generally used in large enterprises, financial systems, universities, scientific research institutes, etc.

3) Small computer.

Mini computer is a type of computer with good performance, low cost and a wide range of applications. Its floating-point arithmetic speed can reach tens of millions of times per second. The small computer is popular with small and medium-sized enterprises because of its simple structure and easy use and maintenance, and is mainly used for scientific computing, data processing and automatic control.

4) Microcomputer.

Microcomputer, also known as personal computer (PC), is the most widely used field, the fastest development, the most interesting kind of computer, it has the advantages of advanced design (always the first to use high-performance microprocessor), rich software, complete functions, small size, cheap, flexible, good performance and other advantages. At present, microcomputers have been widely used in office automation, information retrieval, family education and entertainment.

5) Servers.

A server is a type of high-performance computer that can be shared by network users and provide services for network users. Generally, multiple CPUs are configured, have high running speeds, and have ultra-large storage devices and rich external interfaces.

6) Workstations.

A work station is a high-end microcomputer system. Usually it is equipped with a large capacity of main memory, high-resolution Tongmu large-screen display, high computing speed and strong network communication capabilities, with the multi-tasking and multi-user capabilities of mainframe or minicomputer, and has both the convenience of microcomputer operation and good man-machine interface. Therefore, workstations are mainly used in areas such as image processing and computer-aided design.

According to the type and function classification, it can be divided into five categories: giant machine, large machine, medium machine, small machine, and micro machine.

Microcomputers are generally classified by: computer purpose, processor type, computer size, etc.

1. Computer use: Micro computing can be divided according to the use, such as personal computers, workstations, servers, etc.

2. Processor type: Microcomputers can be divided according to the type of processor, such as Intel-based processors, AMD processors, ARM processors, etc.

3. Computer volume: According to the different volumes, microcomputers can be divided into desktops, laptops, tablet computers, etc. Repentance.

Different classification methods correspond to different application scenarios and user needs, and the selection of the appropriate microcomputer also needs to be selected according to the actual use case and needs.

The main characteristics of microcomputers are small size, great flexibility, cheap and easy to use.

Microcomputers are referred to as microcomputers, commonly known as computers, and their accurate name should be microcomputer systems. It can be simply defined as: an entity composed of the necessary external devices and software on the basis of a microcomputer hardware system.

There are three levels of microcomputer systems from global to local: microcomputer systems, microcomputing machines, and microprocessors (CPUs). Neither a simple microprocessor nor a simple microcomputer can work independently, and only a microcomputer system is a complete information processing system and has practical significance.

A complete microcomputer system consists of two parts: the hardware system and the software system. The hardware system consists of combinators, controllers, memory (including memory, external memory and cache), and various input and output devices, which work in a "instruction-driven" mode.

Software systems can be divided into system software and application software. System software refers to software that manages, monitors, and maintains computer resources, including hardware and software. It mainly includes: operating system, various language processing programs, database management system, and various tool software.

The operating system is the core of the system software, and users can only complete various operations on the computer through the operating system. Application software is a computer program compiled for a certain application purpose, such as word processing software, graphics and image processing software, network communication software, financial management software, CAD software, various program packages, etc.