How is Thunder formed? 40. How is thunder formed?

Thunder, also written as "靁" in ancient times, refers to the sound waves formed by the rapid expansion of the surrounding air and the impact of high energy released at the same time due to the passage of lightning, which is generally manifested as a rumbling sound accompanied by the lightning phenomenon. Because sound and light travel at different speeds in the atmosphere, one can determine the distance at which lightning occurs by calculating the time interval between them. In the air, the speed of sound is about 340 meters and seconds, so lightning occurs about every 3 seconds at a kilometer (or 5 seconds a mile).

Thunder and lightning is a majestic and somewhat intimidating electrical discharge phenomenon accompanied by lightning and thunder. Thunder and lightning are generally generated in cumulonimbus clouds with strong convection, so they are often accompanied by strong gusts of wind and heavy rain, and sometimes hail and tornadoes. The top of the cumulonimbus cloud is generally high, up to 20 km, and the upper part of the cloud often has ice crystals.

Processes such as the attachment of ice crystals, the breaking of water droplets, and the convection of air cause electric charges to be generated in the clouds. The distribution of charges in the cloud is more complex, but in general, the upper part of the cloud is dominated by positive charges and the lower part is dominated by negative charges. As a result, a potential difference is formed between the upper and lower parts of the cloud.

When the potential difference reaches a certain level, an electric discharge will be generated, which is our common lightning phenomenon. The average current of lightning is 30,000 amps, and the maximum current can reach 300,000 amps. The voltage of lightning is high, about 100 million to 1 billion volts.

A moderate thunderstorm can reach 10 million watts, which is equivalent to the output of a small nuclear power plant. During the discharge, due to the sudden increase in temperature in the lightning channel, the volume of air expands dramatically, resulting in a shock wave that causes a strong thunderclap. When a charged thundercloud comes close to a protrusion on the ground, a violent discharge occurs between them.

At the site of the lightning discharge, there will be a strong flash of light and a roar. This is the lightning and thunder that people see and hear.

Clouds collide with clouds formed.

This is the explanation of the library.,It's very detailed.,The landlord might as well go and see.。

Thunder is formed by the discharge of clouds and clouds to produce lightning, which heats up the air, causing the air to expand and impact the surrounding area, eventually forming sound waves.

Thunder is caused by the friction of positive and negative charges between clouds and clouds in the atmosphere to produce a violent discharge, which causes the atmosphere to expand sharply, and if the amount of charge becomes strong enough, lightning will occur. When lightning crosses the sky, it can quickly warm up the air along its path. The heated air expands rapidly, and it violently hits all around, causing a huge sound wave, which is the formation of thunder.

Lightning is a discharge phenomenon in which a strong electric field is formed between various parts of the thunderstorm cloud or between the cloud and the ground due to different charged properties. Due to the narrowness of the lightning channel, too much current passes through, which makes the air column in the lightning channel burn white heat, and causes the surrounding air to be heated and suddenly expands, and the cloud droplets will also light up and suddenly vaporize and expand due to high heat, thus making a loud sound.

Personal lightning protection measures

1. Stay indoors and close doors and windows; Outdoor workers should take shelter indoors as soon as possible.

2. It is not advisable to use electrical appliances with insufficient lightning protection measures, and do not use faucets.

3. Do not touch antennas, water pipes, barbed wire, metal doors and windows, building exterior walls, away from live equipment such as wires or other similar metal devices.

4. Reduce the use of ** and portable**.

5. Do not swim or engage in other water activities, and do not play outdoor ball games.

6. Do not stand on the top of a mountain, a building or other objects with high conductivity.

7. Do not dispose of flammable materials contained in open containers.

8. In the wilderness, stay away from trees and masts, at least 5 meters away from trees.

9. It is not advisable to play an umbrella in an open area, and it is not appropriate to carry a badminton racket on your shoulder.

10. If your hair stands up during a thunderstorm, you should squat down and put your feet together to reduce the stepping voltage.

Thunder is formed due to the friction of positive and negative charges between clouds and clouds in the atmosphere, which produces a violent discharge, which produces high temperatures, rapidly expands the atmosphere, and produces a deafening loud noise.

When atmospheric charges are constantly accumulating in the clouds. If the amount of charge becomes strong enough, lightning will occur. When lightning crosses the sky, it can quickly warm up the air along its path.

The heated air expands rapidly and violently slams into all directions as if it were happening. This causes a huge sound wave.

Thunder's imagination is that some clouds in the sky have positive poles and some negative poles, and when the two clouds collide together, they will emit lightning, and at the same time release a lot of heat, causing the surrounding air to heat up and expand. The air that is heated and expanded in an instant will push the surrounding air, causing a strong **-type vibration.

This is thunder.

There are a large number of positive and negative ions in the atmosphere, and the charge distribution is uneven on the raindrops in the clouds, and the molecules on the outer part are negatively charged, and the inner layer is positively charged, and the potential difference between the inner layer and the outer layer is about higher. In order to balance this potential difference, the water droplets must preferentially absorb negative ions from the atmosphere, which gradually causes the water droplets to take on a negative charge. When convection begins, the lighter positive ions are gradually carried to the upper part of the cloud by the rising air current; The negatively charged cloud droplets, on the other hand, remain in the lower part because they are heavier, resulting in the separation of positive and negative charges.

Thunder is caused by the friction of positive and negative charges between clouds and clouds in the atmosphere, which produces a violent discharge, produces a high temperature and expands the atmosphere sharply, and produces a deafening loud sound, which is lightning and thunder.

When atmospheric charges are constantly accumulating in the clouds. If the amount of charge becomes strong enough, lightning will occur. When lightning crosses the sky, it can quickly warm up the air along its path.

The heated air expands rapidly and rushes in all directions as violently as it happens. This causes a huge sound wave.

Dear, hello, thunder is due to the collision of water droplets, graupel, ice crystals and other substances in the clouds, so that the charge in the clouds is unbalanced, generating a strong electric field, when the potential difference between the bottom of the Qiaoqiao cloud and the ground reaches hundreds of thousands of volts or even millions of volts, electrons begin to penetrate the air, and form a "current" in the air, at this time the air is ionized, forming arcs and flashes, which is what we often call lightning, in addition, thunder and lightning are usually accompanied by lightning and thunder, Lightning is a manifestation of an electric current flowing through the air, and thunder is the result of the vibration of the gas when the electric current passes through the air.

Summary. Thunder is a weather phenomenon, usually due to the formation of charged particles in the atmosphere inside the clouds, such as water droplets, ice crystals, snowflakes, etc., when the clouds collide and rub inside, they will gradually separate and form areas of positive and negative charges, forming a situation of uneven charge distribution. When the difference in charge reaches a certain level, a strong electrostatic field will be generated, which will lead to the ionization of the charge in the air, so that the electrons will begin to travel and migrate in the air, forming an electric current, and finally producing a large-scale discharge process inside the cloud or between the ground, which is what we see as lightning or thunder.

Specifically, the formation of lightning can be divided into three stages:1Uneven charge distribution stage inside the clouds:

There are a large number of water droplets, ice crystals and other particles in the clouds, and these particles will constantly collide and rub in the process of rapid rise and fall, resulting in positive and negative charges on their surfaces, and gradually forming a situation of uneven charge distribution. 2.Electric field strengthening phase inside the clouds:

Due to the uneven charge distribution, a strong electrostatic field will be formed inside the clouds, which will further strengthen the uneven charge distribution inside the clouds, forming a polar separation of positive and negative charges.

Thunder is a weather phenomenon, usually due to the formation of charged particles in the atmosphere inside the clouds, such as water droplets, ice crystals, snowflakes, etc., when the clouds collide and rub inside, they will gradually separate and form a region of positive and negative charges, forming an uneven distribution of charges. When the difference in charge reaches a certain level, a strong electrostatic field will be generated, which will lead to the ionization of the charge in the air, so that the electrons will begin to travel and migrate in the air, forming an electric current, and finally producing a large-scale discharge process inside the cloud or between the ground, which is what we see as lightning or thunder. Specifically, the formation of lightning can be divided into three stages:

1.Uneven charge distribution stage inside the cloud layer: There are a large number of water droplets, ice crystals and other particles inside the cloud layer, which will constantly collide and rub in the process of rapid rise and fall, resulting in positive and negative charges on the surface of the cloud, and gradually forming an uneven charge distribution situation.

2.Electric field intensification stage inside the clouds: Due to the uneven distribution of charges, a strong electrostatic field will be formed inside the clouds, which will further strengthen the uneven charge distribution inside the clouds, forming a polar separation of positive and negative charges.

3.Discharge process stage: When the difference in charge reaches a certain level, a strong electric field will be generated, and under the action of such an electric field, the molecules in the air will be ionized to form electrons, ions and other charge carriers.

The movement of these charge carriers forms an electric current, which forms a current path inside the clouds or with the ground, and finally forms a large-scale discharge process, which is what we see as lightning and thunder. It should be noted that the formation process of lightning is very complex, and different cloud layers, temperature, humidity, air pressure and other factors will affect the formation and intensity of lightning. In addition, lightning is also a very dangerous natural phenomenon, and people need to take precautions to avoid outdoor activities during thunderstorms.