Zhang Juzheng s reform What are the main contents of Zhang Juzheng s reform

Zhang Juzheng reformedThe main content is the following three points.

1. Politically rectify the rule of officials

Zhang Juzheng served as the first assistant of the cabinet at that time.

It can be said that it is for the Ming Dynasty.

Breaking his heart, he vigorously cracked down on mediocre officials in view of the officialdom situation at that time, formulated the examination method, which was used to assess the performance level of the first class, eliminated a large number of incompetent people with poor levels, and strengthened the centralization of power.

Strengthen the power of the cabinet, so that the local government can effectively implement the orders he promulgated, so that the Ming Dynasty's official governance has been improved to a certain extent, and the quality of officials has been greatly improved, so it can be said that the level of competence has been improved to a certain extent.

2. Economically striking at the landlord economy

The land annexation of the Ming Dynasty before Zhang Juzheng.

Very serious, Zhang Juzheng in view of the large number of land annexation of the land, he throughout the country to measure the land, and the implementation of the famous "one whip law, this is another major innovation in China's tax system, Zhang Juzheng's "one whip" law can be said to promote the Ming Dynasty's tax level, but also to a certain extent to boost the development of the Ming Dynasty's commodity economy, while striking at the landlords and gentry to seize the momentum of land, and even to some extent gave birth to the germ of the capitalist commodity economy. At the same time, it also greatly increased the tax revenue of the Ming Dynasty, which enriched the treasury and greatly enhanced the country's economic strength.

3. Defense-oriented militarily

During the Zhang Juzheng period, he reused Qi Jiguang.

Arrange for him to defend the Great Wall, and at the same time build fortifications, which is conducive to resisting the invasion of the Tatars, and also build warships on the southeast coast to prevent the harassment of the Japanese pirates, in the ten years of Zhang Juzheng's reforms, the Ming Dynasty.

Basically, it is the peace of the country and the people, and basically Qizhong has cleared the border troubles of the "Southern and Northern Captives" that have plagued the Ming Dynasty for many years, which is worthy of our praise for Peichan. He started from the political, economic, and military aspects to save the Ming Dynasty and renew the life of the Ming Dynasty.

To sum up: Zhang Juzheng's reform is a contribution, his contribution can not be extinguished, his reform made the Ming Dynasty strong, and all countries came to the dynasty.

Zhang Ju was the ruler of the Ming Dynasty, and his reforms included many aspects of politics and economy. Politically, respect sovereignty, respect for the office, and trust in rewards and punishments. Militarily, it advocates external restraint and internal garrison.

The contents of Zhang Juzheng's reform are to reform the law, reform the examination method, reform the military force, implement the new border defense system, strengthen the defense of the northern border, and implement a whip law.

Changing political power, strengthening the economy, striking at the landlord economy, and making innovations were good for the imperial court at that time and changed the lives of the peasants.

1. Rectifying the rule of officials and rectifying the rule of officials is not only an important part of the reform itself, but also a prerequisite for whether or not the reform of the whole law can be started and succeeded.

Zhang Juzheng believes that "the dispatch of reason, don't be anxious to calm the people's livelihood; The only way to reassure the people is to rule by nuclear officials", and clearly regard "governance by nuclear officials" as the premise of "reassuring the people" and "governance". From the very beginning, he carried out drastic rectification around the aspects of "respecting sovereignty, the duties of officials, rewarding and punishing letters, and Order No. 1", so as to refresh and revitalize the decadent trend of "discipline is not strict, the law is not good, the upper and lower affairs are appeased, everything is subject to the commission, the ambiguity can be described as mediation, and the commission is accommodating to the good". Only by strengthening the centralization of power, reinforcing the edicts, and revitalizing the discipline and discipline can we "enforce the law and discipline to suppress the masses and seize the power of the program and be chaste", and can the reform of laws and regulations be carried out unimpeded.

2. (New Frontier Defense Deal) Rectifying the frontier "showing restraint on the outside and repairing the garrison internally" is the guiding principle for Zhang Juzheng to implement the new frontier defense policy.

The focus of "internal garrison" is to strengthen the defense of the northern border and enhance the ability of military resistance. To this end, famous border generals such as Tan Lun, Qi Jiguang, Wang Zhenggu, Fang Fengshi, and Li Chengliang, who had made great contributions in the southeast to resist the Japanese, were successively used to preside over the border affairs of Jizhen, Xuanfu, Datong, Shanxi, and Liaodong. At the same time, while actively training soldiers and horses to improve the combat effectiveness of the army, they also vigorously strengthened and increased the city defense and built the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty.

3. Construction of water conservancy: The wealth of the Ming Dynasty was mainly in the south of the Yangtze River, and the grain from the south was transported to the north, which was convenient for transportation. Zhang Juzheng took Ji Xun's advice and spent a year and a half building a dam from the Yellow River to the Huai River, which effectively curbed the flooding of the Yellow River, made the water flow unimpeded, and at the same time, restored the abandoned land that had been abandoned for many years into fertile land.

Pan Jixun's method of river control had a profound impact on Jianggong for hundreds of years to come.

4. Qingzhang land: During the Jiajing and Longqing periods, the military expenditure on the frontier was huge, and the royal family and nobles were extravagant and wasteful, resulting in the situation that the Ming Dynasty's finances could not make ends meet and the treasury was empty for many years.

After Zhang Juzheng came to power, the first thing was to reduce redundant officials and redundant expenses, and try to reduce the best expenses. The extravagance of the royal family is also fought for and controlled as much as possible. Zhang Ju is in the financial rectification and vigorously implements the principle of living within the limits of income and saving expenditures, which has played a certain role in alleviating the financial crisis.

However, throttling is only a remedy, and in order to fundamentally solve the country's financial crisis, it is necessary to open up sources. The focus is on rectifying the enlistment.

5. Jingmin's reform of the economy: The implementation of a whip law to rectify the enslavement system and reverse the financial crisis is the focus of Zhang Juzheng's reform.

Answer]: Zhang Juzheng's reform is one of the most famous reforms in ancient Chinese history, so it is also an important direction for the postgraduate entrance examination. The evaluation of Zhang Juzheng is also a very important issue, and the ending obtained after Zhang Juzheng's death is also more intriguing.

Candidate Sakura Sen should go deep into the background of the time to see the spine cover mu to be reformed by Zhang Juzheng and Zhang Juzheng's stuffy people.