What measures has China taken to ensure the balanced development of compulsory education?

Compulsory Education Act

First of all, it is required that all levels should rationally allocate educational resources, including funds, curriculum, teaching quality, basic conditions for running schools, and teachers. These are very clearly stipulated in the revised draft of the Compulsory Education Law. Second, the law clearly states that it is necessary to narrow the gap between schools, strengthen the transformation of weak schools, and propose that there should be no distinction between key and non-key schools in the compulsory education stage, all of which are from the legal level to ensure the development of compulsory education in a more balanced direction.

In addition, the draft revision of the Compulsory Education Law sets out clear requirements for the children of migrant workers and the children of migrant workers in urban areas to provide equal educational conditions, stipulates that more attention should be paid to students in special schools, and requires urban teachers to support rural areas. This law also stipulates that the expenses of rural areas shall be shared by ** and local ** projects and proportions in accordance with the requirements of the first and the other. With the guarantee of the law, the first level will take the balanced development of compulsory education as a new direction for the development of compulsory education in the new period in the future.

The balanced development of compulsory education refers to: focusing on improving the level of rural schools and weak schools, comprehensively improving the quality of compulsory education, striving to achieve "good education" for all school-age children and adolescents, adhering to the people-oriented, promoting all-round human development, resolving the deep-seated contradictions in compulsory education, promoting the scientific development of education, promoting educational fairness, building a harmonious socialist society, further improving the quality of the people, and building a strong country with human resources.

The contents of the balanced development of compulsory education include: comprehensively implementing the party's education policy, comprehensively implementing quality education, following the laws of education and the growth of talents, actively promoting the standardization of compulsory education schools, balancing and rationally allocating teachers, equipment, books, school buildings and other resources, and striving to improve the level of running schools and the quality of education. Strengthen provincial-level overall planning, strengthen county-based management, and establish and improve the responsibility system for the balanced development of compulsory education.

The overall plan should be coordinated between urban and rural areas, adapted to local conditions, classified guidance, and implemented step by step, so as to effectively narrow the gap between schools, accelerate the narrowing of the gap between urban and rural areas, strive to narrow the regional gap, run every school well, and promote the healthy growth of every student.

The background of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education is: since the compulsory education law promulgated and implemented in 1986 proposed that China should implement a nine-year compulsory education system, in 2011 all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) passed the national "universal nine" acceptance, China has comprehensively popularized free compulsory education in urban and rural areas in 25 years, fundamentally solved the problem of school-age children and teenagers "going to school", and laid a solid foundation for improving the quality of all people. However, there are still obvious gaps in the level of education and the quality of education between regions, between urban and rural areas, and between schools, and the contradiction between the people's growing demand for high-quality education and insufficient supply is still prominent.

The guiding ideology for promoting the balanced development of compulsory education is: comprehensively implement the party's education policy, comprehensively implement quality education, follow the laws of education and the growth of talents, actively promote the standardization of compulsory education schools, balance and rationally allocate teachers, equipment, books, school buildings and other resources, and strive to improve the level of running schools and the quality of education. Strengthen provincial-level overall planning, strengthen county-based management, and establish and improve the responsibility system for the balanced development of compulsory education.

The overall plan should be coordinated between urban and rural areas, adapted to local conditions, classified guidance, and implemented step by step, so as to effectively narrow the gap between schools, accelerate the narrowing of the gap between urban and rural areas, strive to narrow the regional gap, run every school well, and promote the healthy growth of every student.

The basic goal of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education is that every school meets the national standards for running schools and that the funds for running schools are guaranteed. Educational resources meet the needs of school education and teaching, and complete the curriculum prescribed by the state.

The allocation of teachers is more reasonable, and the overall quality of teachers is improved. The number of classes in schools meets the standards set by the state, and the phenomenon of "large class sizes" is eliminated. China has taken the lead in achieving a basic and balanced development of compulsory education in the county, and the gap between schools in the county has been significantly narrowed.

By 2015, the national compulsory education consolidation rate will reach 93%, and the proportion of counties (cities and districts) that have achieved basic equilibrium will reach 65%; By 2020, the national compulsory education consolidation rate will reach 95 percent, and the proportion of counties (cities and districts) that have achieved basic equilibrium will reach 95 percent.

The balanced development of compulsory education is to rationally allocate educational resources in the stage of compulsory education, comprehensively improve the overall quality of teachers, narrow the gap between schools, urban and rural areas, and regional education development levels, and run every school well and teach every student well. That is to say, the compulsory education schools in the region will have a large investment in running schools, hardware facilities, teacher allocation, school running level, and education quality.

The system is in a relatively balanced state, which is compatible with the fairness, universality and foundation of compulsory education.

Contents of the balanced development of compulsory education:

balanced development between regions; balanced development among schools within the region; For balanced development among groups, special attention should be paid to the education of disadvantaged groups. Its ultimate goal is to rationally allocate educational resources, run every school well, teach every student well, and achieve educational equity.

The balanced development of compulsory education includes the balanced development between regions and the balanced development between schools within regions.

Compulsory education is a universal, compulsory and free school education that is uniformly implemented for all school-age children and adolescents in accordance with the law, and is the foundation for improving the quality of the people and the starting point for realizing social equity. Compulsory education is the basic right of citizens, and the implementation of compulsory education has always been the top priority of China's education reform and development.

At the beginning of this century, China achieved the goal of universalizing nine-year compulsory education, first of all, to solve the problem of school-age children and teenagers "going to school" as stipulated by law. After compulsory education is fully universalized and free of charge, the state has made it clear that the balanced development of compulsory education is the top priority of compulsory education, and efforts should be made to achieve the goal of enabling all school-age children and adolescents to "go to school well."

The main measures to promote the balanced development of compulsory education are to ensure that special groups receive compulsory education on an equal footing, to allocate school-running resources in a balanced manner, and to promote the sharing of high-quality educational resources.

The Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (2010-2020) points out that balanced development is a strategic task for compulsory education. Establish and improve mechanisms to ensure the balanced development of compulsory education. Promote the standardization of compulsory education schools, and balance the allocation of resources such as teachers, equipment, books, and school buildings.

Earnestly narrow the gap between schools, and strive to solve the problem of school choice. Speed up the transformation of weak schools, and strive to improve the level of teachers. Implement the exchange system of teachers and principals within the county (district).

Implement the method of rationally allocating the enrollment quota of high-quality ordinary high schools and high-quality secondary vocational schools to junior high schools in the region. Key schools and key classes must not be set up during the compulsory education phase. On the premise of ensuring that school-age children and adolescents can enter the nearest public school, we should develop private education and provide opportunities for choice.

The main task of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education in Lusen

1. Establish a more scientific educational concept. Fully implement the party's education policy, follow the laws of education, adhere to moral education first, all-round development, oriented to the whole, and the combination of knowledge and action.

1. Comprehensively develop quality education. Adhere to the public welfare of education, and the structure of citizen-run compulsory education is reasonable.

2. Achieve a more comprehensive and standardized construction. Promote the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education in the county, scientifically and rationally lay out urban and rural schools, comprehensively solve the problem of "crowded cities and weak villages", establish a standardized construction ledger for schools, fully realize the school-running conditions and school standards, significantly improve the basic conditions and application level of educational informatization, and create a good teaching, cultural and living environment for teachers and students.

3. Build a higher quality teaching team. Fully implement the standards for the establishment of teaching staff, and allocate sufficient teachers for all disciplines. Establish and improve teacher training, teaching and research systems, and promote teachers' professional growth and quality improvement.

Comprehensively deepen the management reform of "county management and school employment" in primary and secondary schools and the reform of the principal rank system, scientifically and orderly promote the exchange and rotation of principals and teachers, and realize the balanced allocation of teachers between schools and the overall improvement of the ability and quality of teachers. Protect the rights and interests of teachers' treatment in accordance with law, and promote teachers' dedication to teaching and educating people.

4. Provide higher quality education services. Give full play to the role of school education as the main front, comprehensively implement the task of "double reduction" in schools, significantly improve the level of homework management, after-school services, and classroom teaching quality in all schools, and strive to improve the quality of weak schools and rural schools, and effectively run every school and teach every student well. Effectively solve the hot and difficult problems of education related to the vital interests of the masses, and the social recognition rate has reached more than 85%.

Answer] Article 45 of the :d Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the people's budget at the county level shall be balanced in the preparation of budgets, except for the tilt towards schools and weak schools in rural areas.