Who created Peking Opera? Where does it come from?

Since the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, the four major Hui troupes of Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun, which had been performing in the south, entered Beijing one after another, cooperated with Han tune artists from Hubei, and at the same time accepted some repertoire, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Qin dialect, and absorbed some local folk tunes, and finally formed Peking Opera through continuous exchanges and integration. Peking Opera has a set of standardized artistic expressions in literature, performance, stage art and other aspects. <

Since the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1790), the four major Hui troupes of Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun, which had been performing in the south, entered Beijing one after another, cooperated with Han tune artists from Hubei, and at the same time accepted some repertoire, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Qin dialect, and absorbed some local folk tunes between Shenzai, and finally formed Peking Opera through continuous exchanges and integration. Peking Opera has a set of standardized artistic expressions in literature, performance, stage art and other aspects. The singing cavity of Peking Opera belongs to the plate variant, with two reeds and Xipi as the main vocal cavities.

The accompaniment of Peking Opera is divided into two categories: the Wenchang and the Wuchang, with the Huqin as the main instrument and the Wuchang as the main instrument. The roles of Peking Opera are divided into Sheng, Dan, Jing, Chou, Miscellaneous, Wu, Liu, etc., and the last three lines are no longer specialized. Each industry has a set of performance programs, and the skills of singing, chanting, and playing have their own characteristics.

Peking Opera mainly focuses on historical stories, with more than 1,300 traditional repertoire, and more than 3,400 are often performed. Peking Opera has spread throughout the country and has a wide influence, and is known as "National Opera". The Peking Opera performance system named after Mei Lanfang is regarded as the representative of the Oriental drama performance system and is one of the three major performance systems in the world.

Peking Opera is an important form of expression of the traditional Chinese culture, and a variety of artistic elements in it are used as symbols of traditional Chinese culture.

Peking Opera: Also known as "Peking Opera". It is one of the traditional Chinese operas.

It has a history of more than 200 years. In the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, the four Hui tune troupes of Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai, and Hechun, which were originally performed in the south, entered Beijing to perform, and he instructed them to cooperate with Han tune artists from Hubei to influence each other, and accepted some of the repertoire, tunes and performance methods of Kun dialect and Qin dialect, and absorbed some folk tunes, and gradually integrated, evolved, and developed. The types of characters divided according to the different genders, ages, identities, and personalities of the people in the play.

Actors often specialize in one type of role, and thus form a variety of specialized professions. For example, the average man is called born or dead; Older women are called Lao Dan; Men with rough personalities are called shelf flower faces (vice net) and so on. Each has different characteristics in the performing arts.

The division of roles gradually changed from simple to complex. Most of the modern opera genres are based on the basic types of sheng, dan, jing, end, and ugly, and each has a relatively detailed division. Such as life is divided into old students, small students, and martial students; Dan is divided into Tsing Yi, Hua Dan, Lao Dan, Wu Dan and so on.

Origin of Peking Opera:Huizhou merchants were wealthy, and the success of commerce triggered a surge in the desire for cultural consumption. With the development of social economy and the rise of the Kunshan dialect of opera, they have accumulated family classes, role fighting arts, and worked hard to collect songs and dances for Qianlong to go down to the south of the Yangtze River, and did not hesitate to spend a lot of money to package the color art of Hui opera, which objectively created conditions for Hui opera to enter Beijing.

Cultural Characteristics:The four artistic techniques of Peking Opera performance: singing, reading, doing, and playing are also the four basic skills of Peking Opera performance.

Singing refers to singing, and reading refers to the recitation of the first nature, the two complement each other, constituting one of the two major elements of the singing and dancing Peking Opera performing arts, the "song", which refers to the dancing body movements, and the skills of fighting and falling, the two are combined with each other to constitute the "dance", one of the two major elements of the singing and dancing Peking Opera performing arts.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Peking Opera.

Peking Opera is one of the opera genres formed in Beijing and has a history of 200 years. It is formed on the basis of Hui opera and Han opera, absorbing the advantages and specialties of some opera operas such as Kunqu opera and Qin dialect.

In 1790 (the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty), Hui opera began to enter Beijing. The earliest Hui opera troupe to enter Beijing was the famous Anhui "Sanqing Class", followed by the "Four Joys", "Hechun" and "Chuntai" classes, known as the "Four Great Hui Classes" in history. At that time, the vocal cavity sung by the Hui class was mainly Erhuang.

Erhuang originated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and was further developed and changed from the "Siping Tone" that evolved on the basis of the "Blowing Cavity" and "Gao Dial" of Hui Opera. The four major Hui classes and the Hui classes that entered Beijing one after another were welcomed by the audience for their beautiful singing and excellent performances.

In the early years of the 19th century (during the Jiaqing and Daoguang periods of the Qing Dynasty), the Hubei Han opera artist Li.

Sixth, Wang Honggui and others entered Beijing and participated in the performance of the Hui class. In addition to Erhuang, there is also Xipi in the vocal cavity sung by Han opera. Xipi originated from the Qin dialect in Gansu and Shaanxi and spread to the Xiangyang area of Hubei Province, and evolved from the combination of local folk tunes.

The cooperation between Hui and Han artists, and the co-performance and mutual influence of Erhuang and Xipi laid the foundation for the formation of Peking Opera.

At that time, although Kunqu opera had gradually declined, it still occupied a relatively important position on the stage of Beijing opera because of its high artistic level and the support of those in power.

In addition, in Beijing, there are also Qin dialect, Beijing dialect (evolved from Yiyang dialect after entering Beijing) and some other local operas, all of which have a certain audience. In order to compete with Kunqu Opera, Qin Dialect, Beijing Dialect and other operas, and to meet the needs of Beijing audiences, the Hui Troupe has carried out a series of changes in art, and on the basis of inheriting Hui and Han tunes, it has extensively absorbed the advantages of other operas, especially accepted some repertoire, tunes and performing arts of Kunqu Opera and Qin Dialect, and absorbed some folk tunes, and gradually formed a fairly complete artistic style and performance methods.

After 1840 (the 20th year of Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty), Peking Opera was officially formed. At this time, the various singing styles of Peking Opera have been initially possessed, the language characteristics of Peking Opera have been formed, and new changes have taken place in the roles and professions, and a number of repertoire with the characteristics of Peking Opera have been established.

From the second half of the 19th century to the early 20th century (during the reign of Tongzhi and Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty), Peking Opera was often recruited to perform in the imperial court, gradually replacing the dominance of Kunqu Opera on the opera stage for hundreds of years, and becoming a major opera popular throughout the country.

Because Beijing was renamed Beiping, Peking Opera was once called "Ping Opera".

It's the ** of the two of them when they were young.