How to understand the inevitability of social change and people s historical choice

The unity and diversity of the development of social forms are rooted in the process of unification between the objective inevitability of social development and the historical selectivity of people.

First, the difference between the inevitability of the replacement of social forms and the historical selectivity of people. The objective inevitability of the replacement of social forms mainly refers to the fact that the process and law of the successive replacement of social forms are objective, and the basic trend of their development is definite and unswerving. In the final analysis, the replacement of social forms is the result of the movement of basic social contradictions, and its development is a natural historical process, and the repetition and routineness in different social phenomena, that is, regularity.

The regularity of the movement of basic contradictions in society fundamentally stipulates the objective inevitability of the replacement of social forms. People's historical selectivity refers to the initiative and selectivity of historical subjects in social development. It is the choice of a variety of possible directions, goals, and methods for the future development of social life under the given historical conditions, and the interests and needs of the main body are the internal basis for the choice, and whether the direction, goal, and method of choice are correct can only be tested by practice.

Second, the inevitability of the replacement of social forms is related to people's historical selectivity. The law of social change is also the law of people's own social actions. The objectivity of the law does not negate the initiative of people's historical activities, nor does it exclude people's historical selectivity for a certain social form on the basis of following the law of social development.

First of all, the objective inevitability of social development has caused the basic trend of social development at a certain historical stage, which provides the foundation, scope and possibility space for people's historical choices.

Secondly, the process of social form replacement is also a process of unifying purposefulness and regularity. Human beings are the subject of social practice. In the process of social development, people's historical selection activities are always driven and restricted by their own goals. People's historical selection can only be realized if it conforms to the law of social development.

This determines that in the process of changing social forms, the selective activities of historical subjects must be a process of unification of purposefulness and regularity.

Finally, people's historical selectivity is, in the final analysis, the selectivity of the masses of the people. People's historical choice of social form ultimately depends on the fundamental interests and aspirations of the masses of the people, as well as the degree to which they grasp and conform to the laws of social development. The historical choice of the masses of the people for the social form is realized precisely on the basis of following the objective law of social development and through participating in social change.

From the "World University Cities Network".

Social. The objective inevitability of replacement mainly refers to the fact that the process and law of the successive replacement of social forms are objective, and the basic trend of development is definite and unswerving.

1. The objective inevitability of social development has caused the basic trend of social development in a certain historical stage, which provides the foundation, scope, and scope of people's historical choices and the scope and space of practical activities.

2. The process of social form replacement is also a process of unifying regularity and purposefulness.

3. People are historically selective, and in the final analysis, it is the masses of the people.

Selectivity. In the final analysis, the law of the development of history and the replacement of social forms will be expressed through the will of the people and the choices of the people.

(1) Social development is rising and advancing in terms of general direction, trend and content. From primitive society, slave society, feudal society, capitalist society to socialist society, the social development of human society is a process of continuous ascent. This upward nature is determined by the contradictory movements between the productive forces and the relations of production, between the economic base and the superstructure.

2) The specific path and form of social development are circuitous and tortuous, not straight up. It is precisely because social development is both forward and tortuous that social development manifests itself as a spiral or wave-like way of progress. (3) There are two types of twists and turns in social development:

One is the periodic twists and turns in the process of negation of things. Social development goes through affirmation, negation, and negation of negation, and then returns to itself on a new basis, which is manifested as a development cycle. For example, from a classless society to a class society to a new classless society, from primitive public ownership to private ownership to communist public ownership, etc.; In the course of social development, because the new things are weak at the beginning, when the old things gain momentum, the development of things will be slow, stagnant, or even regressive, thus showing twists and turns.

However, the inevitability of the development of things determines that sooner or later the new things will overcome the old things, so that the twists and turns in the development will be overcome. The unity of the progressive and tortuous nature of social development shows that the metaphysical illusions of "circularity", "linear line", "pessimism" and "smooth sailing" are all wrong. We must see that the future is bright and the road is tortuous, and we must act according to the principle of the unity of the progress of the development of things and the twists and turns.

The economic base determines the superstructure. It is the social productive forces that determine the social form, and the relations of production are determined by the productive forces, but they react on the productive forces. It is precisely because the relations of production in feudal society cannot satisfy the development of the productive forces of industrial society that they are replaced by capitalist society.

The economic basis of feudal society is the private ownership of land by the landlord class, the land is owned by the landlord class, and the peasants have personal freedom, but they have no land, so they can only rent the landlord's land to work and pay a certain amount of income as rent, and the largest landlord class here is the emperor. In feudal society, the productive forces were relatively backward, and the agricultural economy occupied an absolutely dominant position in the social economy, which determined that land became the most decisive means of production in the social economy, and the landlord class who owned the land thus occupied a dominant position.

The economic basis of capitalist society is the private ownership of the means of production, where land is no longer the decisive factor of the economy, it is one of many means of production, the capitalist owns all the means of production such as capital, and the bankrupt peasants lose their land and have to sell their labor power to live, here they are transformed into the working class, and the capitalists obtain surplus value from the labor of the working class. As a result of the rapid development of the productive forces, society has gradually changed from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy, land is no longer the decisive means of production, and the dominance of the landlords has been shaken, and the bourgeoisie, which has replaced the landlord class, has mastered the means of production other than labor power required for production because it has mastered the resource of capital, because in the commodity economy of capitalist society, capital can be transformed into all resources. In opposition to the bourgeoisie is the working class, which has nothing but labor power and can therefore only sell its labor power to the bourgeoisie, which lacks labor power, in order to move the social economy forward.

<> Question: How to understand the inevitability of social change and people's historical selectivity.

Answer analysis: The replacement of social forms has both objective inevitability and historical selectivity of the subject. The objective inevitability of the replacement of social forms mainly refers to the fact that the process and law of the successive replacement of social forms are objective, and the basic trend of their development is definite and unswerving.

The replacement of social forms is the result of the movement of basic social contradictions, and the regularity of the movement of basic social contradictions fundamentally stipulates the objective inevitability of the replacement of social forms.

The objectivity of the law does not negate the initiative of people's historical activities. The law of social form replacement is the law of people's own social action, and it does not exclude people's historical selectivity for a certain social form on the basis of following the law of social development. In the course of the development of a specific social form or a specific nation, due to the complexity of social and historical conditions, various contradictions and factors interact with each other, providing a variety of possibilities for the development of a certain nation.

Each ethnic group will take different paths to a higher social form.

Similarly, people's historical selectivity is not a denial of the objective inevitability of social development, on the contrary, people's historical selectivity and objective inevitability are unified. On the one hand, people's historical choices are always driven and constrained by their own goals. On the other hand, people's historical selection and selection activities must follow the objective law of social development. This determines that in the process of changing social forms, the selective activities of historical subjects are a process of unification of purposefulness and regularity.

According to the view that the development of social forms is a natural historical process, that is to say, the regularity of the contradictory movement between the productive forces and the relations of production fundamentally stipulates the objective inevitability of the replacement of social forms. The masses of the people are the decisive force for the transformation of the social form.

The replacement of social forms is inevitable because society is a system that is constantly developing and changing. The replacement of social forms is the result of social evolution, which means that the old social structures, values and institutions are replaced by new ones.

This inevitability can be explained in the following ways:

1. Development of science and technology and productive forces: The progress of science and technology and productive forces is one of the main driving forces for the replacement of social forms. With the continuous innovation of science and technology and the improvement of productivity, the economic, political and cultural structure of society has also changed.

The emergence of new technologies and modes of production led to the restructuring of social organization and the formation of new social relations.

2. Changes in social needs: In the process of social development, people's needs for economy, politics, culture and other aspects will also change. The replacement of social forms is often to meet people's pursuit of new needs and to adapt to the needs of social development.

For example, the Industrial Revolution brought with it the need for mass production and urbanization, driving the transformation of agrarian societies into industrial societies.

3. Changes in culture and values: Culture and values are important factors in the replacement of social forms. Over time, people's values and cultural perceptions will also change, which may lead to a readjustment of the social structure.

The rise of new values and cultural concepts prompts society to adapt to new social formations.

4. The evolution of politics and institutions: The evolution of politics and institutions is also an important driving force for the replacement of social forms. With the development of society, the old political system and system may not be able to meet the needs of society forward, and it is facing various challenges and problems.

In order to adapt to the new development needs, society inevitably needs to carry out political and institutional reforms and adjustments.

The replacement of social forms is the inevitable result of social development, which reflects the evolution of society and its ability to adapt to new environments and needs. This kind of replacement is not only the law of history, but also brings opportunities and challenges to society, and provides a driving force for the progress and development of human society.

In the process of changing social forms, people's historical selectivity is hollowed out, and it is the selectivity of the masses of the people.

The replaceable nature of the social form:

1. Unity and diversity.

The situation is different in terms of the course of social development of different countries or peoples. Some countries have experienced a typical process of successive replacement of several social forms in the process of development, and some countries have surpassed one or even several social forms in the process of development and developed by leaps and bounds. In some countries, the nature of social forms is not typical at a certain stage of historical development, and even the characteristics of multiple social forms are cross-penetrated.

2. Inevitability and selectivity.

The objective inevitability of the replacement of social forms and equilibrium mainly refers to the fact that the process and law of the successive replacement of social forms are objective, and the basic trend of their development is unshakable. In the final analysis, the replacement of social forms is the result of the movement of basic contradictions in society. Among them, the development of productive forces is of ultimate decisive significance.

3. Progressiveness and twists and turns.

The replacement of social forms is also manifested in the unity of the pre-progress of history and the twists and turns, the gradual and the leapfrogging. The pre-progression and gradual nature of the replacement of social forms mainly refers to the basic trend of the successive evolution of the five social forms, and its historical process is a process of "promotion and abandonment" without the previous one.