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Suzhou embroidery, also known as Suzhou embroidery, is one of the traditional Chinese embroidery crafts, named for its development in the Suzhou area. Suzhou embroidery originated in the Spring and Autumn Period, after thousands of years of evolution and development, has become an elegant work of art, well-known at home and abroad. Suzhou embroidery is characterized by exquisiteness, meticulousness, bright colors, and smooth lines.
Its embroidery is varied, including flat embroidery, three-dimensional embroidery, brocade embroidery, ink embroidery and so on. Among them, the most common are flat embroidery and three-dimensional embroidery. Flat embroidery refers to embroidery embroidered on flat fabrics, which is suitable for a variety of household items and clothing; The three-dimensional embroidery is to make the embroidery three-dimensional, so that its shape is more realistic, which can be used in handicrafts, artworks and other aspects.
The main threads of Suzhou embroidery include silk thread, gold and silver thread, wool thread, cotton thread, etc. In terms of thread, Suzhou embroidery pays attention to the number of threads, thickness matching, color matching, etc.
The embroidery skills of Suzhou embroidery are exquisite, and every stitch and thread are precise and meticulous, so it is known for its exquisiteness. The characteristics of Suzhou embroidery are that the delicate and nuanced brush and ink techniques are transformed into cloth art, which is expressed in the way of embroidery, which is not only gorgeous in color, clear and clear, but also has extremely high value and ornamentality. The patterns of Suzhou embroidery are diverse, including flowers and birds, utensils, people, landscapes, etc., the most famous of which are "ten steps and one painting" and "hundred family names".
The production process of Suzhou embroidery is very complex, requiring many processes such as design, hooking, coloring, embroidery, trimming, and ironing. Among them, design is the key, because the beauty of embroidery has a lot to do with the quality of pattern design. Hooking is to draw the designed pattern onto the cloth according to the lines for subsequent coloring and embroidery.
Coloring is to fill the various colors on the pattern onto the cloth for the next step of embroidery. Embroidery is the core process, which needs to embroider various patterns on the cloth according to the designed pattern. Trimming and ironing is to sort out the embroidery to make it more beautiful and practical.
Suzhou embroidery not only has ornamental value, but also has practicality. Clothing, shoes and hats made of Suzhou embroidery have extremely high value. In traditional Chinese culture, Suzhou embroidery is regarded as a precious gift, and giving Suzhou embroidery products is a noble expression.
In short, Suzhou embroidery is one of the traditional Chinese embroidery crafts, which has a high level of skill and design, and is an indispensable part of traditional Chinese culture. It represents the elegance, sophistication and uniqueness of Chinese culture, and has become an important part of Chinese culture.
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Su embroidery representative works: "Portrait of the Queen of Italy", "Statue of Jesus", "Eight Immortals on Shou", "Pine Crane Middle Hall", "Pine Crane with Spring", "American Female Vobek Statue" and so on.
Suzhou embroidery introduction: Suzhou embroidery is one of the outstanding national traditional crafts of the Han nationality, is the general name of embroidery products in Suzhou, its birthplace in Suzhou Wu County, has spread throughout Wuxi, Changzhou and other places. Embroidery is inseparable from silkworm raising and silk reeling, so embroidery is also known as silk embroidery.
The Qing Dynasty established "Suzhou embroidery, Hunan embroidery, Guangdong embroidery, and Shu embroidery" as China's four famous embroideries. The Qing Dynasty was the heyday of Suzhou embroidery, which can really be described as the multiplication of genres and the competition of famous players. Suzhou embroidery has a unique style of beautiful patterns, ingenious ideas, meticulous embroidery, lively stitching and elegant colors, and has strong local characteristics.
Embroidery skills have the characteristics of "flat, qi, and, light, smooth, even".
In 2006, Suzhou embroidery was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. Suzhou embroidery is most famous for the embroidery of Zhenhu Town (now changed to a street) in the high-tech zone of Suzhou Embroidery Research Institute. Zhenhu is the main birthplace of Suzhou embroidery, and eighty percent of the products in Suzhou embroidery come from Zhenhu.
In 2007, the Suzhou embroidery base in Zhenhu Street was awarded the title of "Traditional Arts and Crafts Characteristic Industrial Base" in Jiangsu Province. In 2010, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China approved the implementation of geographical indication protection for "Zhenhu Suzhou Embroidery". The local standard of "Geographical Indication Products - Zhenhu Embroidery" has been formulated.
In 2013, the Zhenhu Embroidery Art Museum Scenic Area of Suzhou High-tech Zone became the first 4A-level scenic spot in the embroidery cultural industry in China. In 2014, Suzhou Zhenhu Embroidery Art Museum was included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage production protection demonstration bases by the Ministry of Culture.
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What is the masterpiece of Su embroidery?
1. Double-sided embroidery "Cat".
It is one of the representative works of Su Wide embroidery. Artists divide a hair-thick embroidery thread into two halves.
One, one-quarter, and one-twelfth.
1. Forty-eighth of the fine thread embroidery, and hide thousands of threads and knots without a trace. Whether from the front or back, you can see the kitten's mischievous and lively demeanor. The difficulty of embroidering a cat is a pair of cat eyes, and artists need to use more than 20 colors of silk thread to embroider the cat's eyes brightly and lifelike.
2. Hundreds of birds and phoenixes.
The huge phoenix is in the center, and there are more than 30 birds flying up and down, frolicking, singing, chasing and playing around the phoenix, with different postures; The huge embroidery surface is embroidered with many trees and flowers, such as peach trees, magnolias, daylilies, caryophyllus, green bamboo, double-petaled begonias, peonies, hydrangeas, orchids, daisy grasses, etc.; The rocks and ponds of Taihu Lake are dotted with rich changes. The overall color of the embroidery is red, the atmosphere is warm, there are countless colors, red series, yellow series, blue, green, brown series are all over the place. The color effect is bold, bright and bright, and the overall style is harmonious and unified.
3, "Portrait of the Queen of Italy".
Portrait embroidery is the difficulty of Suzhou embroidery stupid lead bright works, with real photography and painting as the embroidery draft, not only requires both god and form, but also demeanor, expression to vary from person to person, to embroider vivid and vivid, vivid, need a high degree of combination of skill and art.
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Suzhou embroidery is the general name of embroidery products in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, Suzhou folk traditional art, one of the four famous embroidery, one of the national intangible cultural heritage. The embroidery pattern of Suzhou embroidery is beautiful, the idea is ingenious, the embroidery is meticulous, the stitching is lively, and the color is elegant. The landscape on the Suzhou embroidery pattern can be divided into far and near interest, the pavilion can have a profound structure, the characters can have a vivid application, and the flowers and birds have a gesture of intimacy.
Moreover, the embroidery skills of Suzhou embroidery have the characteristics of "flat, qi, harmonious, light, smooth and even". "Ping" refers to the flattening of the embroidery surface; "Qi" means that the edges of the pattern are neat; "Fine" refers to the delicate use of needles and fine embroidery threads; "Dense" means that the lines are arranged compactly and do not show stitches; "And" means that the color is appropriate; "Light" means dazzling and bright color; "Shun" refers to the silk round**such as; "Even" means that the lines are fine and even, and the density is consistent.
Suzhou embroidery has profound cultural value. As a traditional handicraft skill, Suzhou embroidery has always been closely integrated with traditional Chinese culture and has become an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Since the Song Dynasty, paintings such as landscapes, flowers and birds, and Buddha statues have begun to become embroidery drafts of Suzhou embroidery.
In the Ming Dynasty, under the influence of the "Wumen School", Suzhou embroidery formed a unique artistic style of fine and elegant cleanliness, and the paintings of the four famous artists also became the favorite subject of embroidery artists. Until contemporary times, Chinese painting is still an important subject of Suzhou embroidery.
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Suzhou embroidery has the characteristics of beautiful patterns, ingenious ideas, meticulous embroidery, lively stitching, elegant colors, etc., with strong local characteristics, in embroidery skills, but also has the characteristics of "flat, Qi, fine, dense, and, light, smooth, even", the main characteristics of Suzhou embroidery works are that the landscape can be divided into far and near interest, the pavilion has a deep body, and the characters can have vivid feelings and so on.
The characteristics of Su embroidery's negotiation are:
Suzhou embroidery is the general name of embroidery products in Suzhou, China, is the traditional art works of Suzhou citizens in Jiangsu Province, originated in Wuxian County, Suzhou, the Qing Dynasty period was in its heyday, there were a variety of different genres, famous artists, excellent works doubled, and Hunan embroidery, Guangdong embroidery, Shu embroidery, etc. together called the four famous embroidery.
In the Qing Dynasty, the embroidery products exclusively for the royal family to enjoy, several including the bureau let all come from the Suzhou embroidery, embroidery variety, there are double-sided embroidery, single-sided embroidery, etc., its main content is people, flowers and birds, landscapes, still lifes, buildings, etc., there are still many changes in the present, and more and more into the homes of ordinary people.
Why is Suzhou embroidery popular?
The reason why Suzhou embroidery is sought after by people is mainly due to its variety, modeling, pattern, drawing, stitching, color, skills and other reasons, especially in the use of needle calendar, which can make the embroidery more rich, natural and lifelike. The varieties of Suzhou embroidery are mainly divided into two categories: daily necessities and appreciation items.
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