What s in the soil, what s in the soil

<> fungi. The variety of existence is vast and diverse. The role of only a few of these fungi is understood, and the rest is almost unclear.

Actinomycetes. It has the ability to decompose organic matter such as mold. Most of them belong to the bacteria that produce anti-biomass, and have the effect of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.

Filamentous fungi.

That is, there are more than 100,000 types of mold. A very small number of filamentous fungi are known to be pathogenic bacteria that cause disease in vegetables.

Algae. In addition to water, there are many species of algae that are also present in the soil. Some algae absorb nitrogen from the air.

Earthworm. Earthworms can eat humus-containing soil and excrete it, and are a helper in cultivating soil to promote soil agglomeration.

Ticks and mites. Soil animals smaller than 1 mm. The soil is home to many predatory and parasitic ticks.

Protozoa. Single-celled protozoa that move to prey on and decompose organic matter, companions of paramecium, euglena algae, etc.

Nematodes. Tiny soil fauna smaller than a few millimeters. There are many species, and only a small part of them are parasitic on the roots of vegetables.

Nail mites. of small herbivorous soil animals, which are also the most abundant soil animals in the soil. Survive by breaking down fallen leaves.

Jumping insects. Soil animals smaller than a few millimeters decompose mold and algae for survival. Known as the "plankton of the earth", it plays an important role in the material cycle.

Soil. soil) is located on the earth's land surface and has a certain fertility to be able to grow a loose layer of plants. Soil is developed by rock weathering under various terrestrial conditions through the comprehensive action of natural factors such as biology and climate and the influence of human production activities.

Soil is a complex and multiphase system of matter. It is composed of mineral particles of different sizes, organic residues of various decomposition degrees, humus and living organisms, various nutrients, water and air, etc., and the volume ratio of each component is shown in the figure. The various constituent substances of soil influence, interact and restrict each other, and are in the process of complex physicochemical and biochemical transformation, and have complex physicochemical and biological characteristics.

Soil has the ability to coordinate water, nutrients, part of the air and heat needed for plant growth and development, and this ability is known as soil fertility. Soil is the base of terrestrial plants and the material basis for human agricultural production.

Soil has its unique material composition, basic properties and basic functions, has its own history of occurrence and development, is an independent historical natural body, and is one of the important components of the natural geographical environment. Soil is located at the junction of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere, and is the hub connecting the organic and inorganic worlds, and has become the constituent level of the biosphere. As a component of the geographical environment, soil is in the process of mutual influence and interaction with other physical geographical elements.

With the change of climatic, biological, topographic and other conditions and the passage of time, different soil types are formed accordingly. Therefore, the types of soil in nature are complex and diverse, and there are their geographical distribution laws in space and their evolution laws in time. Different soil types have different physicochemical properties, fertility conditions and utilization directions.

Soil is one of the basic means of production and the object of agricultural labor. The adoption of scientific farming systems and production measures by human beings will maintain and enhance the productive potential of the soil. Indiscriminate deforestation, grassland reclamation, and predatory land management will lead to the occurrence and development of soil degradation processes such as soil erosion, soil desertification, and soil salinization.

Therefore, it is of great significance to rationally develop and utilize soil resources and prevent soil degradation.

The most basic units of soil are some atoms, oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, etc. They are arranged in an orderly manner and are composed of, water, organic matter, minerals. But there is also a certain amount of air in the soil.

There are humus, inorganic salts, mineral particles, water, air in the soil.

Clay, gravel, humus, inorganic salts, etc.

First of all, it is a mixture, many kinds, silica, organic humus, hydrocarbons, some inorganic salts, etc.

humus, sand, minerals, water.

Loam soils contain 25% water, 25% air, 5% organic humus, and 45% minerals.

There are earthworms in the soil ( o haha

There is a green thing that the teacher says is garbage.

The soil contains sand, clay, air, moisture, etcInorganic salts, humus, microorganisms, various minerals, etc.

The soil is composed of minerals, animals and plants weathered from rocks, organic matter produced by the decomposition of microbial residues, soil organisms (solid phase matter), water (liquid phase matter), air (gas phase matter), oxidized humus, etc., which can grow plants.

Solid matter includes soil minerals, organic matter and nutrients obtained by microorganisms through light sterilization. Liquid matter mainly refers to soil moisture. Gases are the air present in the pores of the soil.

These three types of substances in the soil constitute a contradictory unity. They are interconnected, mutually restrictive, provide the necessary living conditions for crops, and are the material basis of soil fertility.

The main roles of microorganisms in soil are as follows:

1. Decompose organic matter.

Only through the action of soil microorganisms can the residual roots and leaves of crops and the organic fertilizer applied to the soil decay and decompose, and release nutrients for crop utilization; And the formation of humus, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

2. Decompose minerals.

For example, phosphorus bacteria can decompose phosphorus in phosphate rock, and potassium bacteria can decompose potassium in potassium ore to facilitate the absorption and utilization of crops.

3. Immobilize nitrogen.

Nitrogen accounts for 4 5 of the composition of the air, which is a large amount, but it cannot be used directly by plants. There are a class of microorganisms called nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil, which use nitrogen in the air for food, and after they die and decompose, these nitrogen can be absorbed by crops.

There are two types of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, one is that grows in leguminous plants.

Within the nodules, it is called rhizobia.

Planting beans can fertilize the field because the nitrogen fixation of rhizobia increases the nitrogen in the soil; The other type of nitrogen fixing bacteria can be fixed by living in the soil alone, called self-generated nitrogen-fixing bacteria. In addition, some microorganisms can have harmful effects in the soil.

YesHumusof topsoil, subsoil, rock debris.

Soil refers to a layer of loose material on the earth's surface, composed of various granular minerals, organic matter, water, air, microorganisms, etc., which can grow plants. Soil is composed of minerals weathered from rocks, organic matter produced by the decomposition of animal and plant and microbial residues, soil organisms (solid substances), water (liquid phase substances), air (gas phase substances), and oxidized humus.

The substances in the soil can be summarized into three parts: the solid part, the liquid part, and the gas part.

Soil minerals are rocks that have undergone weathering.

Mineral particles of different sizes (sand, soil and gum) formed. There are many types of soil minerals and complex chemical composition, which directly affects the physical and chemical properties of soil.

It is one of the important nutrients of crops.

Solid soil particles composed of minerals and humus are the main body of the soil, accounting for about 50% of the soil volume, and the pores between the solid particles are occupied by gas and water.

Soil is organically composed of four components: solid phase (minerals, organic matter), liquid phase (soil moisture or solution), and gas phase (soil air).

In terms of volume, minerals account for about 38-45%, organic matter accounts for about 5-12%, and pores account for about 50% in the ideal soil. By weight, minerals account for more than 90-95% of the solid part, and organic matter accounts for about 1-10%.

Lead, zinc, chromium, cadmium, copper, generally these heavy metals are available.

Soil is made up of several layers of varying thicknesses, the main components of which are minerals.

Soil is a mixture of minerals and organic matter produced by various weathering processes and biological activities, and exists in solid, gaseous and liquid states. Loose soil particles combine to form soil filled with gaps, and in these pores there are dissolved solutions (liquids) and air (gases). Therefore, soils are generally considered to have three states.

Most of the soil has a density of 1 2 g cm. Most of the earth's soils were formed later than the Pleistocene, and only a few soil components were formed earlier than the Tertiary period.

Words that can be added: fertile, deep, moist, fluffy, barren.

1. Fertile [ féi wò ] The land contains nutrients and water suitable for plant growth.

Citation: Bi Shumin's "Blue Heaven": The best place for love to nourish is **? The most fertile soil is in their hearts. You don't have to go to a distant place to find it, and you carry it with you.

Example sentence:Fertile soilGrassgrass is the easiest to grow.

2. Deep [ shēn hòu ] describes majestic, broad.

Citation: Tashi Ram Duoduo's "Little Blue Book": I have always thought that for our long and deep life, as long as we go along, it is good to conform to it, how many fates in the next life are unknown to us, and how many encounters that come to us cannot be understood, so let these causes and conditions go with the flow, and do not welcome or refuse.

Example sentence: The banyan tree is rooted inDeep soil, the green shade of life will grow longer and more lush; The weeds enjoy the same treatment as seedlings, but they do not produce ears of grain.

3. Moist [ shī rùn ] is also known as "溼润". Moist and moisturized.

Citation: Ding Ling's "Tian Jia Chong": "Some fields have been released with water and flow quietly, and some have just been plowed and turned over, lined with moist clods. ”

Example sentence:Moist soilIt is covered with tender green buds, and the vast green grass is dotted with stars and flowers.

4. 松软 [ sōng ruǎn ] loose and soft.

Citation: Ma Ji's "Ode to Friendship": "Backed by the mountains, facing the sea, rooms with large roofs, soft carpets. ”

Example sentence: The grass on the side of the road is fromSoft soilstretched out his little head and looked at the vast and bright world that he had not seen for a long time.

5. Barren [ pín jí ] is also known as "barren". The land is not fertile.

Citation: Lin Qingxuan, "Walk Gently, Live with Heart": Even if it grows in the most barren land, it must bloom the most beautiful flowers.

Example sentence:Poor soilThe wasabi planted in the plant can grow forked roots.

Fertile soil

Poor soil

Loose soil.

Compacted soil.

Moist soil

Dry soil.

Alkaline soil.

Acidic soil.

Neutral soil.

Black soil.

Yellow soil.