What are the advantages and disadvantages of the government military system compared with the conscr

There are pros and cons. The cost of the government military system is lower, but the combat effectiveness is relatively weak. The conscription system has a professional army, and its combat effectiveness is relatively strong, but military expenditure is also large.

Personally, I feel that the biggest disadvantage of the government military system is that if you leave the location of the garrison, then the combat effectiveness will be extremely low; And it is easy to cause the division of feudal towns (after all, almost all the lives of the government soldiers are in this place); The advantage of the government soldiers is that it effectively prevents land annexation (after all, land welfare and tax benefits); It also limited the power of the family (without a large amount of land and private soldiers).

As for the conscription system, it is advisable to look at the Song Dynasty.

For other military systems, you can refer to the military systems of previous dynasties (Chen Fuliang).

The government military system is supported by the armed forces of feudal princes, and the financial cost is small, but the command and management system is complex, which is not conducive to the unified use of troops. Recruitment is managed by the state in a unified manner, and the goals of employing soldiers are easy to be the same. If the country wants to establish a centralized management system, the conscription system is more advanced.

The advantage of the government military system is that it saves a lot of military pay expenses, and the disadvantage is that the combat effectiveness is not strong. The advantage of the conscription system is that professional soldiers are well-trained and have strong combat effectiveness, but the disadvantage is that they are recruited in wartime and consume a lot of military salaries.

The government military system is a kind of military service system that prevailed in the early Tang Dynasty. The government soldiers were first evolved from the township soldiers, as early as the Western Wei Dynasty, as early as the Western Wei Dynasty, the bench fight gradually formed an institutionalization, and in the early Tang Dynasty, the government soldier system reached its peak, but it was gradually abolished during the Tang Xuanzong period. The system lasted for two hundred years and played an important role in history.

The government soldier system was originally in the Western Wei Dynasty in order to make up for the lack of soldiers, the township soldiers were included in the conscription system, the government soldiers were prepared to participate in the battle with the **, and later to the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the government soldier system gradually improved, the government soldiers not only did not have to pay taxes, but also the whole family will enter the military registration, it is because of this system that the unity of the soldiers and the people has been created.

The government military system, in simple terms, is actually a conscription system, but it is not a national conscription, mainly in the people of Zhichong Prefecture who have been hail conscription, and the government selects the time to form a group, and then it is a soldier for a day, a soldier for life, enlisted in the army at the age of 21, and can retire at the age of 61.

Recently, I was reading "The Fiscal Code of the Empire", which mentioned the two main systems of conscription in ancient times, the government military system and the conscription system.

The government military system is a kind of system of both soldiers and farmers, by the **** to each army to grant a certain amount of land, the soldiers usually judge Huai farmers, the production of food as military expenses, only during the war time the production of soldiers can not keep up with the needs of military spending, will use the **** financial tax to fill.

Conscription is the recruitment of soldiers who are paid a fixed salary, and they are no longer required to farm.

The advantage of the government military system is that it can be self-sufficient and reduce financial expenditures, but the disadvantage is that the army is not well trained, and if there is no war for a long time, the combat effectiveness of the government soldiers will decline, and they will not be able to fight, and some of them are even gray-haired and still serving as soldiers.

The advantage of the conscription system is that young and strong people can be quickly recruited to serve as soldiers, and the combat effectiveness is strong; The disadvantage is that the financial expenditure is very large, not only to provide them with food, clothing, shelter and transportation, but also to reward them a lot after victory.

Therefore, throughout Chinese history, when the disadvantages of the government military system are too great and the combat effectiveness is insufficient, it will be changed to the conscription system, and when the cost of the conscription system is too large, it will be changed to the government military system, and a balance will be found between the two.

The first time I heard about the government military system was a poem memorized by my girl.

Fifteen enlistments.

Han Le Fu. Fifteen from the army, eighty years to return.

Daofeng villagers: Who is there in the family?

From a distance, it is the Jun family, and the pine and cypress mounds are tired.

The rabbit enters from the dog's sinus, and the pheasant flies from the beam.

The atrium is born in the valley, and Inoue is born in the valley.

Chung Gu holds the soup, and picks the sunflower as the soup.

The soup is cooked for a while, and I don't know who Yi'a is.

When I went out to look east, tears fell on my clothes.

At that time, I thought this poem was particularly miserable, I joined the army at fifteen and returned home at eighty. The family is gone, and only the barren graves remain. The house is overgrown with weeds, and I don't know who to eat when I've cooked it. This poem exposes the darkness of the military system of the ancient digging and preparation of the Youfu.

The government soldier system is a kind of compulsory military service system that integrates soldiers and farmers, and the government soldiers usually work at home and farm, and they train when they have free time, and when they want to fight or serve, they will bring their own food to the assembly place to participate in the war! This system was practiced for most of the period in ancient China!

The conscription system is a professional military system, in which civilians are openly recruited by ** or some forces, and military personnel are used as professions for long-term training, and military salaries and ordnance equipment are issued! In the time when the military system of government in ancient China was prevalent for a long time, the conscription system also existed as a supplement for a long time!

Which is better, the two major military systems in ancient China, the conscription system and the government military system?

During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, that is, in the winter of 755 A.D., An Lushan, who was called "skillful and good at understanding people's wills", was full of fat, walked slowly, and even walked a little funny. In the confrontation with Yang Guozhong, the trust between An Lushan and Emperor Li Longji was exhausted, and he was no longer satisfied with being the envoy of the three towns of Fanyang, Pinglu and Hedong, thus unveiling the famous Anshi Rebellion in history.

In fact, anyone who can do a great job has great ambition and desire for power, and An Lushan is no exception. He had come to Chang'an many times, often participating in court and officialdom activities, one to express his heartfelt feelings to the emperor, and the other to understand the corruption and weakness of the Tang Dynasty. The history books say that he also saw that the Tang Dynasty was "lax in military equipment and had a heart to despise China".

In November of the fourteenth year of Xuanzong Tianbao of the Tang Dynasty, An Lushan found an excuse, saying that he wanted to punish Yang Guozhong, but in fact he wanted to covet the supreme imperial power. It was also at this time, at least in An Lushan's view, that it was time to do something big. So An Lushan led 150,000 male soldiers to Fanyang in the south, along the way the Tang Dynasty's army was fleeing from the wind, destroying the withered and decaying, and the soldiers pointed directly at Luoyang and went straight to Tongguan.

Just a few months after the battle, in the first month of 756 AD, An Lushan announced that he was the emperor and named the country Dayan. It's like starting a business and announcing it to go public in less than a few months, which is remarkable. An Lushan was happy, but Emperor Xuanzong Li Longji was in a hurry.

Because in an instant, the rebel army swept in, and there was a feeling that the building was about to collapse at any time.

So why is this happening? Could it be that the army of the Tang Dynasty was really in a mess? In fact, in view of this situation, some experts believe that this is actually due to a system during the Li Longji period, the conscription system.

In fact, in the early years of the Tang Dynasty, the government military system was still implemented, and the result of this was that the local forces were relatively scattered, and it was impossible to make waves. On the contrary, the dynasty had a heavy army, which made it easy to control the entire army and some rebellions. After changing to the recruitment system, the dynasty ** has fewer troops, and the combat power is not too strong, and the local soldiers are poorly equipped, small in number, and very weak.

Historical records record that "the fierce generals and elite soldiers are all gathered in the northwest, and China is unarmed", which actually caused the border towns to be too powerful. The consequence is that the situation of internal emphasis and external neglect has been completely broken. For example, in the first year of Tianbao, the Tang Dynasty had more than 570,000 troops, but 490,000 were stationed in the border areas and were controlled by arrogant generals.

In this way, a person like An Lushan, who has a bad heart, may take a risk.

The government military system is a semi-professional soldier, fighting in wartime, agricultural training in peacetime, and has little dependence on generals, each military government has professional training methods, and the twelve Wei generals are only in name, for example, the left guard general is only a title, and the emperor can let him command the soldiers of other guards to avoid the officers separating one side. There is a local land to raise soldiers, the burden of armaments for the country is lighter, but the dependence on land is greater, there is land and there are government soldiers, to the later period of land annexation is serious, a large number of government soldiers are lost, many military government soldiers are seriously insufficient, the country war reserve source is insufficient, so we have to use the recruitment system, that is, the state pays to recruit professional soldiers, no need to do farm work, wartime wars, peacetime training, began to effectively improve the combat effectiveness of the army, but with the passage of time, the war decreased, and the large-scale army became a burden on the state, such as the Song Dynasty, Recruit a large number of troops, but there are fewer opportunities for war, only the border army has real combat effectiveness, the inland soldiers are negligent in training, and some people even join the army in order to avoid farm work, resulting in the largest number of troops in the Song Dynasty, more than one million troops at its peak, but repeatedly lost foreign wars.

The advantages of the government military system are:

1. The army is not easy to rebel. They usually farm at home, but they only gather together when there is a war, and the first does not know their comrades, and the second does not know their superiors. I still have land at home, so I can't afford to play such a high-risk game as rebellion.

2. The cost of ** is relatively low, and the military expenses are paid by the soldiers themselves.

The shortcomings of the government military system will gradually become apparent with the advent of peace:

1, the army usually farms at home, and the court can't always call people out for training, and the veterans with rich combat experience gradually withered. The descendants of the veterans have grown up in peace, and their combat effectiveness is much worse than before. Peace also wears out their will, and the likelihood of such people going to war and winning the battle is getting lower and lower.

2. With the development of the economy, the concentration of land is becoming more and more serious, which means that more and more farmers have lost their land. As mentioned earlier, the obligation to serve as a soldier arises with the allocation of land by the state. Now that the state no longer gives me land, why should I fight for the country?

Such landed tyrants evaded military service, and landless peasants refused military service. The source of soldiers in the government military system has become a big problem.

Advantages of conscription:

1. The army has strong combat effectiveness, and people are professional soldiers, so they go out to cut people during working hours and practice cutting people in their spare time. It is impossible not to be strong in combat.

2. The problem of the source of soldiers is easy to solve, as mentioned earlier, those peasants who have lost their land, otherwise they will starve to death, it is better to cut people, even if they are hacked to death, they will die full.

Disadvantage 1, the army loves to rebel, whoever gives money listens to whom, it is originally a soldier to eat food, and whoever eats food is the same. In the later period, not only could the imperial court not be able to control it, but Jiedu often killed himself by his subordinates.

2. At the beginning of the shogunate system, there was no need to worry about it, so the cost was relatively small. But later, because these people often rebelled, they had to go to counterinsurgency as soon as they could, and there was military spending for counterinsurgency. The expenditure is enormous, and the socio-economic damage is very serious.

Advantages of the government military system:

1. The military government is located in a landed regiment, and soldiers cannot move out of the realm at will; Usually farming, farming and martial arts, when there is something to go out, its main task is to defend and defend the army. Fanshang Suwei, that is, take turns to go to the Beijing Division, and give Fan, according to the distance from Chang'an.

2. The decree stipulates: five miles away, that is, the soldiers in each prefecture are in a group of five people, and these five people take turns to go to Chang'an to guard, and so on, but the seven and nine groups are not endless, when there are leftovers, seven times five hundred miles away, eight times one thousand miles away, one month each; Two thousand miles away nine times, two months each. In addition to the two capitals and their neighboring states, the guards of the inner government (three guards) must be guarded, and the rest of the states are paid to serve on behalf of the guards.

3. The government soldiers went to Chang'an to guard and were led by the twelve guard generals. The troops are commanded by the imperial court, and when they are dispatched, they must hold the fish charm under the military department, and only after the state assassin history and the generals of the Zhichong Prefecture can they send troops. At the end of the war, the troops will be scattered in the government and will return to the court.

In this way, the commander will not be able to support his own troops.

Disadvantages: frequent battles, extended defensive lines, heavy military service. Originally, the garrison had a certain period of leave, but later it was often forcibly retained until it did not return for a long time, causing the people to avoid military service and the soldiers to flee (the same is true of military recruitment).

The low status of the government soldiers. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, he inherited the legacy of the previous generation and respected the guards, but when he arrived at the end of the martial arts, the guards were often borrowed by the nobles and bureaucrats as private servants, which led to the shame of serving as government soldiers in society.

Advantages of the conscription system: once they enlist in the army, they will be paid their salaries and become professional soldiers, rather than being temporarily conscripted and returning home after the war. These people put down their farm work and carried the halberd, which is equivalent to finding a long-term job, not only getting a salary, but also "one person enlists in the army, and the whole family is glorious":

The family was exempted from forced labor and taxes, and was given land and houses.

Disadvantages: The Eastern Han Dynasty recruited soldiers with poor combat effectiveness, in addition to the complex composition, low quality, military discipline corruption and other reasons, there are also that the recruitment system is often an emergency temporary recruitment, the soldiers have no military training on weekdays, do not practice cavalry and archery, although the long-term soldiers are professional soldiers, but they serve in the army for life, and they have been soldiers for a long time.

The government soldiers ploughed the fields without fighting, and the conscription system trained without fighting, and the government soldiers had no combat effectiveness after a long period of peace. However, it is easier for the government soldiers to rebel than to recruit soldiers, the government soldiers are a uniform land system, with the development of the economy, the land is easy to annex and concentrate, the government soldiers either rebel or do not evade military service, anyway, they have weapons, who gives food I give to whom to fight, the generals can't give food, and it is easy to kill the generals, anyway, the soldiers and generals are not familiar with each other, if they can give food, they can follow the generals to rebel at any time. Recruitment is different, recruitment is first for national training, ** food is provided by the state, and the generals are also familiar, and the soldiers and generals are familiar.

It is easy to rebel, with the development of land annexation, the government soldiers have no food, it is easy to revolt, whoever gives food will rebel with whom, anyway, the state does not pay food **, the advantage is that the state spends less. The recruiting country pays the food and salary, but it is easy to follow the generals to rebel. It's better to recruit soldiers, as long as the country doesn't divide the country, control the generals, control the best food and salary, and don't dare to rebel easily, the disadvantage is that the state spends a lot.