Sima Guang was from which dynasty Zizhi Tongjian is the historical book compiled by Sima Guang

Sima Guang (November 17, 1019, 1086) was the first word Gongshi, the more word Junshi, the name of the husband, the late number of the son, the son of Sima Chi. Han nationality, born in Guangshan County, Henan Province, originally from Xia County, Shaanzhou (now Shanxi) Shushui Township, known as Mr. Shushui. Sima Guang was a politician, writer, and historian of the Northern Song Dynasty, who served in the four dynasties of Renzong, Yingzong, Shenzong, and Zhezong.

He presided over the compilation of the first chronicle in Chinese history, Zizhi Tongjian. Sima Guang is gentle and humble, upright, and highly recommends Huang Zhongyong, who has both ability and political integrity, as the servant and privy deputy envoy, and his personality can be called a model under Confucianism, and has always been admired.

Zizhi Tongjian, referred to as "Tongjian", is a multi-volume chronicle edited by Sima Guang of the Northern Song Dynasty, with a total of 294 volumes, which lasted 19 years. It is based on time and events, starting from the twenty-third year of King Weilie of Zhou (403 B.C.), to the sixth year of the fifth dynasty of the Later Zhou Shizong Xiande (959 A.D.), covering the history of 16 dynasties and 1363 years. It is the first chronicle of China's general history and occupies an extremely important position in China's official history books.

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Sima Guang was a politician, writer, and historian of the Northern Song Dynasty, who presided over the compilation of the first chronicle in Chinese history, Zizhi Tongjian.

A native of the Northern Song Dynasty, "Zizhi Tongjian" is the first chronicle general history in the history of our country.

The Song Dynasty's "General Guide to Information and Administration" is the General Guide to Information and Administration, how can it be which one? What is the landlord asking?

Song Renzong. Late Ji brother Lu Nian, Tianzhang Pavilion to be systematized, and concurrently serve as a doctor of advice. Song Yingzong.

Towards the Changtu Pavilion straight bachelor, sentenced to the subordinates inclass. He was determined to compile the Tongjian as a reference for the feudal ruling class. In the third year of Zhiping (1066 AD), the progress of the eight volumes of "Warring States to Qin" was written.

Yingzong then ordered the bureau to continue. Named after Song Shenzong"Zizhi Tang sign"。Wang Anshi.

When he was prime minister, he implemented a new policy, attacked and suppressed the powerful power of large landlords, and encouraged small and medium-sized landlords to develop agricultural production and set up industries in order to increase tax revenue.

However, Sima Guang.

He vigorously opposed Wang Anchen's assertion and argued with Wang Anshi in front of the emperor, emphasizing that the laws of his ancestors could not be changed. He was appointed deputy envoy of Shu, but he refused to hold this position, so in the third year of Xining (1070 AD), he was appointed to govern the Yongxing Army (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi).

The following year, he retired to Luoyang and continued to compile the Tongzhi with the help of the bookstore

The book was completed in the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084). He wrote it himself from beginning to end. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, Song Zhezong ascended the throne, and the Empress Dowager Gao summoned him to take charge of the country, and the following year, Ren Shangshu left servant and servant Lang, and only a few months abolished the new law when Wang Anshi was in power, and drove out the new party.

Zeng Guofan. The general knowledge of information governance was evaluated. "I peeked at the book of the ancient sages, the "Zizhi Tongjian" written by Sima Wenzhenggong

I'm not good at it. He is also good at describing the gains and losses of the war, and the context is clear; He is also good at detailing the story of the failure of the name of the Qing Gong, so that the scholars are afraid and know the warning. The six classics are not published in the classics.

If you can read this book and check the three links and the two strict invitations, you can support and bring things in the future. "Song Shenzong was also well aware of the situation in the Song Dynasty.

So he boldly appointed Wang Anshi and officially started Wang Anshi's reform. It is true that there are many problems and deficiencies in Wang Anshi's reform, but it is undeniable that Wang Anshi's reform has indeed filled the fiscal deficit, enriched the people, and achieved the goal of enriching the country and strengthening the army. However, Sima Guang resolutely opposed it for two reasons:

First, the law of the ancestors is immutable; The second is to compete with the people for profit. The so-called ancestors generally refer to the targeted formulation system that existed in the founding period of the founding emperor, and with the passage of time, the social situation has changed, and the system should also be set up with the changes, but Sima Guang, whether he is a conservative or a legalist, must implement the ancestors, even if it is wrong, it doesn't matter.

As for the second point, Wang Anshi's reforms forcibly plundered the wealth that should belong to the people into the national treasury, which could easily provoke popular uprising. In fact, Wang Anshi's reforms did harm the interests of the people in some places, but mainly to the interests of landlords, merchants and ** families, from which Sima Guang and many conservatives were born.

It took him 19 years to compile and write Xiangchang, and this work is very popular with people, and this work has been passed down to the next banquet, so we must protect this work.

It took a total of 19 years to succeed. It is also a very good long chronicle history book. Sima Guang is a very persevering person.

Sima Guang spent a total of 19 years compiling the book from 1066 to 1084 AD.

Summary. Sima Guang was an outstanding thinker and educator who was filial to his parents, friendly to his brothers, loyal to the king, trusted by others, respectful, thrifty, upright, gentle and humble, and upright. He always follows the way of a gentleman, dares to admonish directly, and never flatters; He is loyal and reprimands, and does not mix with a trace of personal self-interest.

How do you evaluate Sima Guang, the author of "Zizhi Tongjian"?

Sima Guang was an outstanding thinker and educator who was filial to his parents, friendly to his brothers, loyal to the king, trusted by others, respectful, thrifty, upright, gentle and humble, and upright. He always follows the way of a gentleman, dares to admonish directly, and never flatters; He is loyal and reprimands, and does not mix with a trace of personal self-interest.

Sima Guang was an outstanding thinker and educator who was filial to his parents, friendly to his brothers, loyal to the king, trusted by others, respectful, thrifty, upright, gentle and humble, and upright. He always follows the way of a gentleman, dares to admonish directly, and never flatters; He is loyal and reprimands, and does not mix with a trace of personal self-interest.

Sima Guang's ideology is stable and he does not like to take risks, which is manifested in politics, that is, he strongly opposes Wang Anshi's reforms, in fact, Sima Guang himself does not oppose reform, but only hopes that the reform will be carried out smoothly.

Sima Guang is the greatest historian after Sima Qian, and his knowledge of governance is brilliant and immortal. When Wang Anshi was in full swing, he knew his situation very well, so he took retreat as advance, asked for resignation, and hid in Luoyang. During his 15 years in Luoyang, Sima Guang devoted himself to writing and compiling the "General Guide to Zizhi", which has become a precious spiritual heritage of the Chinese nation.

Sima Guang himself is very good at studying history, and he believes that those who govern the country must be familiar with the history since ancient times, and draw lessons from history of prosperity and decline. He also felt that from ancient times to the Five Dynasties, there were too many history books, and the people who were preparing for the emperor's cave did not have so much time to read. So, before he was demoted to Luoyang, he began to write a history book from the Warring States period to the Five Dynasties.

During the reign of Song Yingzong, Sima Guang dedicated part of the manuscript to the imperial court. Song Yingzong felt that this book was beneficial to consolidating the rule of the dynasty, and greatly appreciated the work, and set up a special compilation agency for him to continue compiling it.

After Song Shenzong ascended the throne, Sima Guang dedicated a part of the compilation to Song Shenzong. Song Shenzong did not believe in Sima Guang's political ideas, but he was very supportive of Sima Guang's compilation of books. He gave Sima Guang all the 2,400 books he had collected when he was young, and asked him to complete this work well.

He also personally gave the book a title, called "Zizhi Tongjian" ("Zizhi" means to help the emperor govern the world).

After Sima Guang returned to Luoyang, he devoted himself to writing the "Zizhi Tongjian", and it took a total of 19 years to complete this work. The book is written chronologically, from 403 B.C. during the Warring States period to 959 A.D. during the Five Dynasties period, and records 1,362 years of history.

In order to write this huge work, Sima Guang and his assistants collected and sorted out a large amount of materials, and in addition to using the official histories of the past dynasties, they also consulted more than 300 kinds of historical works. It is said that when this book was written, the manuscript was stacked in two rooms. Because of its abundant materials, appropriate tailoring, and rigorous research, as well as the concise and vivid writing, it has become one of the most valuable works in the history of Chinese historiography.

It provides a relatively complete source for later people to study history.

For nineteen years, Sima Guang devoted all his energy to this work, working late into the night every day. By the time the book was completed, his body was very weak, his eyes were dizzy, and most of his teeth had fallen out. Because of his contributions to historiography, he is considered a famous historian in the history of our country.