When will the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal be built? Who built the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal

The excavation and evolution of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal can be roughly divided into three phases:

Phase 1 Canal.

The embryonic period of the canal. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Wangfu dug the mouth of the ditch to the end of the Huai'an mouth in Shanyang for ten years to pass through the Jianghuai. In the Warring States Period, a big ditch and a chasm were dug successively, so as to communicate the four rivers of Jiang, Huai, He, and Ji.

Phase 2 Canal.

It mainly refers to the canal system of the Sui Dynasty. With the eastern capital of Luoyang as the center, Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty dug the Tongji Canal in the first year of the Great Cause (605) to directly communicate the traffic between the Yellow River and the Huai River. and renovate the ditch and the Jiangnan Canal.

In three years, the Yongji Canal was dug and the north was passed through Zhuo County. Together with the Guangtong Canal dug in 584 AD, a multi-branch canal system was formed.

Phase 3 Canal.

It mainly refers to the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. The key sections excavated in the Yuan Dynasty are the section from Surabaya to the Weihe River in Shandong, and the section from Dadu to Tongzhou. In the eighteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty (Kublai Khan), the Jeju River was opened, from Rencheng (Jining City) to Sucheng (Dongping County) Ansan, which was 75 kilometers long; In the twenty-sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1289), the meeting was opened to pass the river, and the canal was opened from the southwest of Ansan, from the northwest of Shouzhang to Linqing, which was 125 kilometers long; In the twenty-ninth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1292), the Hui River was opened, and the water of Changping in the west of Beijing was introduced into the capital, and the Baihe River entered Tongzhou in the east, which was 25 kilometers long; In the thirtieth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1293), the Grand Canal of the Yuan Dynasty was opened to navigation, and the boats could go directly to Dadu from Hangzhou, becoming the predecessor of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was built by order of Emperor Yang of Sui.

It was built in the Spring and Autumn Period and later completed in the Sui Dynasty. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal has a history of more than 2,000 years, it is 1,797 kilometers long, this canal connects Hangzhou and Beijing, and it has made great contributions to the economic and cultural exchanges between the north and south of China.

The Grand Canal starts from Yuhang (now Hangzhou) in the south, reaches Zhuojun (now Beijing) in the north, passes through the four provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei and Tianjin and Beijing, and runs through the five major water systems of Haihe, Yellow River, Huai River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River, the main water source is Weishan Lake, and the Grand Canal is about 1,797 kilometers long. The canal has played a huge role in the economic and cultural development and exchanges between the northern and southern regions of China, especially the development of the industrial and agricultural economy along the route.

Background of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was built in the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, canals were basically dug to serve the military campaign to conquer other countries. For example, the direct purpose of Wu Wangfu to send people to dig a ditch was to transport the army to the north to invade the Qi country, and the chasm dug by King Wei Hui in 360 BC was basically to serve the military campaign to conquer other countries.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal began to be dug in 486 B.C., with a history of more than 2,500 years, and an important river dug by Qin Shi Huang in Jiaxing also laid the direction of the Jiangnan Canal in the future. According to the "Book of Yuejue", Qin Shi Huang "governed the waterway of the tomb from Jiaxing, went to Qiantang and crossed the land, and passed through Zhejiang", and the canal and canal culture were derived from this.

The Grand Canal was excavated in the Spring and Autumn Period, completed in the Sui Dynasty, prospered in the Tang and Song dynasties, straightened in the Yuan Dynasty, and dredged in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the long years, it has gone through three major construction processes. After the completion of the last construction, it was called the "Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal".

1. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal has a total length of 1,797 kilometers and was built in 486 BC. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu State for the Northern Expedition to Qi State to dominate the Central Plains, dug a canal (called Hangou) that led the Yangtze River water into Huai near Yangzhou, Jiangsu, and then continued to develop and extend to the north and south on the basis of changing the Yin Sheng, especially through the Sui Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty two large-scale expansion and rectification, basically completed the scale of today's Beijing-Hangzhou Canal.

2. Many sections of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal are made of the original natural rivers and lakes, and some sections of the river are artificially excavated.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was built in the Spring and Autumn Period and was presided over by Yang Guang, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is an artificial canal, which is a great project created by the ancient Chinese working people. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is one of the oldest canals in the world, the longest and largest ancient canal in the world, and has been successfully inscribed on the World Cultural Heritage List and is the 46th World Heritage Project in China.

The significance of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a magnificent water conservancy project that attracts worldwide attention, with a total length of more than 2,700 kilometers (including 1,011 kilometers of heritage rivers), spanning more than 10 latitudes of the earth, running through the richest North China Plain and Jiangnan Water Towns in China, and reaching the five major water systems of the Hai River, the Yellow River, the Huai River, the Yangtze River and the Qiantang River from north to south, and is the main artery of north-south transportation in ancient China.

The Grand Canal has not only become a link between the north and the south politically, economically, and culturally, but also a hub for connecting the "Silk Road" and the maritime "Silk Road" in Asia. The canal's navigation also promoted the development of towns and industries along the coast.