How can you tell if a substance is made up of molecules, atoms, or ions?

Atom is the basic element that makes up matter, that is to say, it can form molecules, molecules are the basic units of matter, just like oxygen, carbon dioxide, including any ammonium chloride can become molecules, and ions, because they have an electric charge, they are called examples, ions can combine with each other to form molecules.

A molecule is composed of at least two atoms, except for helium, which is represented only by the element symbol, and with the exception of helium, ions are charged.

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Compounds that are not metallic involved in the reaction are made up of ions.

It can be analyzed by chemical formulas!

If the constituent elements in the chemical formula include metallic and non-metallic elements, it is generally a substance composed of ions.

If the constituent elements in the chemical formula are only non-metallic elements, it is generally a substance composed of molecules.

If the chemical formula contains only a single metallic element, it is a substance composed of atoms.

Of course, there are many uncertainties in chemistry, so it is necessary to memorize some relatively common abnormal substances on the basis of grasping the above basic laws!

Just remember the common types, this is the fastest way to tell the difference:

1. Gaseous non-metallic elemental, liquid non-metal (only elemental bromine), non-metallic oxides, acids, and organic matter are composed of molecules.

2. Metallic elementals, rare gases, and solid non-metallic elementals (except iodine element, which are composed of molecules) are composed of atoms.

3. Metal oxides, alkalis, and salts are composed of ions.

Fractional crystals: generally have a low melting and boiling point, which can be elemental (such as phosphorus), compounds, gases, solids or liquids. Atomic crystals:

It is generally composed of elemental matter, and the melting and boiling point is very high, all of which are above 1000 degrees Celsius. There are only a few kinds, remembering, there are carbon group elements C (carbon), Si (silicon), ge (germanium) and the third main group B (boron), their elemental mass can form atomic crystals. Some of the two elements may also be atomic crystals, such as new inorganic non-metallic materials.

Silicon carbide, silicon nitride, carbon nitride. The atomic radius of the substances that compose them gradually decreases and the covalent bonds gradually increase. The hardness and melting boiling point are gradually increased, such as carbon nitride, which is higher than that of diamond.

Ionic crystals: It is also relatively easy to judge, and the melting and boiling point is high, generally between atomic crystals and fractional crystals. It is generally formed by the combination of metals and non-metals. It can conduct electricity in an aqueous solution or in a molten state.

Molecules: most non-metallic elementals, gaseous hydrides, acids, non-metallic oxides: atoms: some non-metallic elements (e.g., silicon, diamond); Ions: metal oxides (potassium oxide, sodium oxide), strong bases (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide), most salts (sodium chloride).

Summary. Hello, dear, generally in the molten state of conductive compounds are composed of ions, such as general salts, alkalis, etc.; On the other hand, non-conductive substances are generally made of molecules or atoms, such as gases, acids are made of molecules, and substances composed of atoms exist in the form of crystals. Dear, I hope mine can help you<>

<> how to tell if a substance is made up of atoms or ions.

Hello, dear, generally in the molten state of conductive compounds are composed of ions, such as general salts, alkalis, etc.; On the other hand, non-conductive substances are generally made of molecules or atoms, such as gases, acids are made of molecules, and substances composed of atoms exist in the form of crystals. Dear, I hope mine can help you<>

<> are all metal compounds made up of ions.

No, pro, compounds containing metallic elements are not necessarily ionic compounds. The most typical is AlCl3, which contains the metallic Al-element, but it is a covalent compound. However, it can be considered that the compounds containing metallic elements in general are ionic compounds.

Ionic compounds are compounds made up of cations and anions.

Generally, molten conductive compounds are composed of ions, such as general salts, alkalis, etc.; On the contrary, non-conductive ones are generally composed of molecules or atoms, such as gases, acids are made of molecules, and substances composed of atoms exist in the form of crystals, and the atoms are connected by covalent bonds. Ionic compounds and atomic compounds do not have molecular formulas, only chemical formulas (the simplest integer ratio); Compounds that are made up of molecules have molecular formulas and simplest formulas.

Substances that are directly constituted by atoms are:

1. A small number of non-metallic elements such as carbon, silicon, etc.

2. Metal elements such as iron, copper, etc.

3. Rare gas elements such as helium.

Substances made up of molecules are:

1. Most non-metallic elements such as oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, etc.

2. Covalent compounds (generally compounds formed by non-metallic elements and non-metallic elements) such as water, ammonia, etc.

Substances composed of ions include: ionic compounds (generally referring to compounds formed by metallic elements and non-metallic elements or atomic clusters), such as sodium chloride, potassium sulfate, etc.

1. Any combination of atoms that can come up with a single one can be called a molecule (noble gases are monoatomic molecules), such as CO2, H2O, H2SO4, CH4, etc.;

2. Metal elements are all composed of atoms, not molecules;

3. In high school, all salts that you see containing metal ions or ammonium can be called ionic compounds, and there is no so-called "molecule" in them

To sum up: pure matter can be divided into: molecular crystals, ionic crystals, atomic crystals, metal crystals, only molecular crystals have a molecular concept.

Atomic crystals: diamond (C), crystalline silicon (Si), quartz (SiO2), emery (SiC).

The rest of the non-metallic elements and their compounds are generally molecular crystals;

The compounds of active metals are ionic crystals, and the vast majority of salts are ionic crystals.

Atomic composition:1All Noble Gases 2All Metals 3Certain solid non-metallic elementals (C, Sulfur, P, Si).

Molecular Composition:1Polyatomic molecules composed of non-metallic elements (O2, H2, N2, O3, etc.) 2Compounds composed of non-metallic elements and non-metallic elements (H2O, CO, C2H5OH, etc.).

Ionic composition: Compounds composed of metallic and non-metallic elements (NaCl, Cuo, CaCO3, etc.).

1.Atoms are directly composed of a limited number of substances, such as metallic elements, noble gases, and SiO2 (which will be noted in the study book) substances that require special memory.

2.Molecules are made up of organic matter, and substances composed of H+ such as H2O, HCl (which is covalent in nature), NH3 covalent compounds, and weak acids are also considered to be made up of molecules.

3.Ionic compounds generally have metal ions (NH4+ is regarded as metal cations) and non-metal anion binding or ionic groups (CO3-, SO4-, C2O4-..composition, which ionizes anions and cations in water.

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A substance composed of ions: there is no repetitive smallest unit inside, and it is a whole connected by ionic bonds, but in order to study its structure, we often artificially delineate its smallest repetitive unit, which is the unit cell. It should be noted that each of its smallest repeating units is internally connected by ionic bonds, which is distinguished from the covalent bonds of molecular crystals, which is why it is defined as ionic.

In junior high school, it is difficult to distinguish it from substances composed of molecules, in fact, there is a very intuitive way to judge, compounds with metal elements or ammonium ions are composed of ions, and substances without these two things are made of molecules.

Usually the judgment method can be understood in this way.

1.The characteristics of substances composed of molecules are: the melting point is low, so most of the substances that are in a liquid or gaseous state at room temperature are composed of molecules. Like all gases, water, most of the organic matter.

2.Atomic crystals: generally hard, high melting point, common such as diamond, graphite, SiO2, crystalline silicon, etc.

3.Ionic crystals: Compounds made up of ionic bonds. Such as NACL, etc.

Atoms, high hardness, high melting point diamond.

The melting point of the molecule is low carbon dioxide.

The ions are lower than the atom and higher than the molecule NaCl

How can you tell if a substance is made of molecules or atoms?